RESUMO
In order to know the users's degree of satisfaction in the Primary Health Care Center of Zaidin-Sur in Granada, a survey has been carried out by means of a personal interview at home in an aleatory sample of 615 individuals. The questionnaire has 28 closed questions with multiple answer and collects sociodemographic variables, self-perception of health condition, acceptability of medical and nursery care. The interview was anonymous and carried out by nursery students of third year. The 52% of the sample expressed that his health level was "excellent" or "good" and it was worse when the educational level was lower and the age was higher. The group of workers showed the highest valuation of health condition. The levels of trust on the doctor, the time of dedication and the information given to the patient reach slightly lower values than the ones found in literature; personal treatment and interest towards the patient have been valued the best. Center space structure and timetable have been the most penalized variables. We conclude that there is a need of improving the nursery service care a need of the information, from all the professionals working in the center, given to the patients on their problems, which are the cause of their going to the health consult, and the need of enlarging the space of the center.
Assuntos
Centros Comunitários de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Satisfação do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Intervalos de Confiança , Feminino , Humanos , Entrevistas como Assunto , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Projetos Piloto , Espanha , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
The quality of the clinical records included in the clinical charts is assessed through a sample of the clinical charts existing at the Health Center Zaidin-Sur (Granada, Spain). The quality was ascertained via the number of visits annotated, the number of records considered as essential (life style, family and personal history), and the number of received or requested consultation. This information is compared to the data of the general files of the Health Center, to the information gathered by a direct interview (performed to assess the validity of the essential records), and to the results of a protocol studying the visit activities. The analysis of data shows that just a 40.4% of the visits are annotated on the clinical chart. A lower percentage of the essential records were annotated, 37.6%. The requested consultations are annotated in 43.8% and the received ones in 87.6%. We discuss on the need of periodic evaluation of the records to show their limitations and deficiencies. This is the first step to improve them.
Assuntos
Serviços de Saúde Comunitária/organização & administração , Prontuários Médicos/normas , Atenção Primária à Saúde/organização & administração , Humanos , Anamnese/normas , Garantia da Qualidade dos Cuidados de Saúde , Espanha , Saúde da População UrbanaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Brucellosis is a health problem in the Granada province. The major aim of the present study was to evaluate the professional risk to acquire brucellosis in Granada. METHODS: An epidemiologic study where the cases of brucellosis were found by active search was carried out. The study period was the year 1984. The patients (overall 804) were investigated in their residence area with a questionnaire where the major risk factors were considered. RESULTS: The disease was more common in males than in females (RR = 3); it had a significant tendency to increase with decreasing sizes of the urban nucleus (chi MH = 16.9, p less than 0.0001); and it had a significant relationship with the proportion of peasants and cattle workers in the region (r = 0.66, p less than 0.05). The professional group with the highest risk were veterinaries, in whom the disease was 31 times more common than in the rest of the population. CONCLUSIONS: Emphasis is made, in addition to other points, on the need to increase health education in the groups of more affected professionals.
Assuntos
Brucelose/epidemiologia , Doenças Profissionais , Medicina Veterinária , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/etiologia , Brucelose/etiologia , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Doenças Profissionais/etiologia , Espanha/epidemiologiaRESUMO
It has been suggested that the risk of hospital infection differs according to the moment of hospital stay. Through a retrospective cohort of 843 surgery patients the effect of several factors on nosocomial infection risk is studied as a function of the duration of the hospital stay. It was observed that the studied variables (operation, type of surgery, age and severity of underlying disease) had a predisposing effect on the appearance of infection in short stays (less than 14 days), being the effect greater in longer stays. It is concluded that hospital stay can act as a modifier of the effect of several factors on the risk of hospital infection.
Assuntos
Infecção Hospitalar/epidemiologia , Tempo de Internação/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Espanha/epidemiologia , Centro Cirúrgico Hospitalar/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Several authors have suggested that incidence density should be used in studying nosocomial infection. We assess several risk factors for hospital infection by two ratios, the incidence density ratio (IDR) and the relative risk (RR), in an historical cohort of 843 patients. The variables analyzed were: operation, its length, type of surgical wound, severity of underlying disease, and age. The IDR figures were always lower than those yielded by the RR. For example, the IDR for operated patients was 2.78, whereas RR yielded a figure of 6.46, or the IDR for patients greater than 60 years old was 0.96, whereas the RR achieved a significant value of 1.67. This suggests that the use of IDR to analyze risk factors for nosocomial infection improves comparability of results obtained in different hospital settings. Also, it may allow a more exact quantification of an effect. These facts influence implementation of nosocomial infection control measures.
Assuntos
Infecção Hospitalar/epidemiologia , Fatores Etários , Humanos , Incidência , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Espanha/epidemiologia , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/epidemiologiaRESUMO
A sample of 3,347 students between 5 and 14 years of age was selected from the entire student population in the province of Granada (Spain) to study the prevalence of dental caries and several risk factors for the disease. Decay was ascertained in the study population by means of the following indices: df, DMF, and DMFS. Risk factors considered were the level of oral hygiene, number of between-meal sugar-containing food, and flouride concentration in drinking water. The indices mentioned showed a clear relationship to the age of the participants in the study. The level of oral hygiene did not show a clear association with dental caries measured through the df and DMF indices. Curiously, a higher correlation was noted between the disease in deciduous teeth and fluoride concentration than between the disease in permanent teeth and the latter factor.
Assuntos
Cárie Dentária/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Fatores Etários , Criança , Restauração Dentária Permanente , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Fatores Sexuais , EspanhaRESUMO
In the present study some aspects of the health education level and life style of the housewives of a district of Granada were evaluated. The sample was randomly selected between the dwellings in that area. The participation rate was 60%. The survey was carried out by personal and direct interview by a female interviewer. The mean educational level was lower than high school in 97.5%. Mean age was 47 years. 13.3% of them were smokers, and 21.7% drank alcohol regularly. Only 44.1% of those in child bearing age used some contraceptive method; intrauterine devices were not used by anyone of them. Maternal lactation showed an increasing trend with age, but without statistical significance. 28.3% of women were unaware of the services of early diagnosis of genital cancer, and a similar rate ignored the preventive self-examination of the breast. The major conclusions of the study were that the educational level is directly related with the performance of beneficial health habits, and that the activities directed to health education should be promoted in the target population.