RESUMO

3D-printing technology has revolutionized electrochemical applications by enabling rapid prototyping of various devices with high precision, even in highly complex structures. However, a significant challenge remains in developing less costly and more sustainable analytical approaches and methods aimed at mitigating the negative environmental impacts of chemical analysis procedures. In this study, we propose a solution to these challenges by creating a simple and versatile electrochemical system that combines 3D-printing technology with recyclable disposable materials, such as graphite from an exhausted battery and a stainless-steel screw. Our results demonstrate a novel strategy for developing electrodes and other laboratory-made devices that align with the principles of sustainability and green chemistry. Furthermore, we provide evidence of the effectiveness of the proposed system in an analytical application involving the simultaneous determination of tert-butylhydroquinone, acetaminophen, and levofloxacin using the voltammetric technique in lake and groundwater samples. The results indicate sufficient accuracy, with recovery values ranging from 91 to 110%. Additionally, we utilized the Analytical GREEnness calculator as a metric system to evaluate the environmental friendliness of the proposed electroanalytical protocol. The final score confirms a favorable level of sustainability, reaffirming the eco-friendly nature of our approach.

RESUMO

Objective To compare the measurement of patellar height in the pre- and postoperative period of total knee arthroplasties (TKAs) and its variation in patients with and without patellar replacement. Methods Retrospective evaluation of radiographs of patients submitted to TKA between 2014 and 2020. Profile radiographs were evaluated using the modified Caton-Deschamps patellar height index, comparing the pre- and postoperative measurements of 90 patients, with a total of 100 knees. Next, two groups were compared with a different surgical technique, considering the replacement or not of the patella. All patients who had x-rays evaluated had indication of TKA by osteoarthrosis without previous procedures that could interfere at patellar height. Results The statistical analysis showed a statistically significant difference, with the preoperative index superior to the postoperative rate, evidencing an overall decrease in patellar height. The Caton-Deschamps index modified for mean preoperative TKA was 1.41 (±0.25), and it was 1.31 (± 0.25), p < 0.001for postoperative TKA. No significant difference was found in the variation of this index when comparing the groups with and without patellar replacement. The mean difference of the index in the group without patella was 0.11, and 0.08 in the group with patella, and this difference was considered nonsignificant, p = 0.510. Conclusion We can conclude that patellar height had significant variation in the total group, with reduction of patellar height in the postoperative period. However, the height did not vary significantly between the postoperative groups with and without patellar replacement, regardless of the choice of the surgeon.

RESUMO

Abstract Objective To compare the measurement of patellar height in the pre- and postoperative period of total knee arthroplasties (TKAs) and its variation in patients with and without patellar replacement. Methods Retrospective evaluation of radiographs of patients submitted to TKA between 2014 and 2020. Profile radiographs were evaluated using the modified Caton-Deschamps patellar height index, comparing the pre- and postoperative measurements of 90 patients, with a total of 100 knees. Next, two groups were compared with a different surgical technique, considering the replacement or not of the patella. All patients who had x-rays evaluated had indication of TKA by osteoarthrosis without previous procedures that could interfere at patellar height. Results The statistical analysis showed a statistically significant difference, with the preoperative index superior to the postoperative rate, evidencing an overall decrease in patellar height. The Caton-Deschamps index modified for mean preoperative TKA was 1.41 (±0.25), and it was 1.31 (± 0.25), p< 0.001for postoperative TKA. No significant difference was found in the variation of this index when comparing the groups with and without patellar replacement. The mean difference of the index in the group without patella was 0.11, and 0.08 in the group with patella, and this difference was considered nonsignificant, p= 0.510. Conclusion We can conclude that patellar height had significant variation in the total group, with reduction of patellar height in the postoperative period. However, the height did not vary significantly between the postoperative groups with and without patellar replacement, regardless of the choice of the surgeon.

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Resumo Objetivo Comparar a medida da altura patelar no pré- e pós-operatório das artroplastias totais do joelho (ATJs) e sua variação nos pacientes com e sem substituição patelar. Métodos Avaliação retrospectiva de radiografias de pacientes submetidos a ATJ entre 2014 e 2020. Foi feita a avaliação de radiografias em perfil, usando o índice de altura patelar de Caton-Deschamps modificado, comparando as medidas do pré- e pós-operatório de 90 pacientes, totalizando 100 joelhos. A seguir, foi feita a comparação de dois grupos, com técnica cirúrgica distinta, considerando a substituição ou não da patela. Todos os pacientes que tiveram radiografias avaliadas tiveram indicação de ATJ por osteoartrose sem procedimentos prévios que pudessem interferir na altura patelar. Resultados A análise estatística demonstrou uma diferença estatisticamente significativa, sendo o índice pré-operatório superior ao pós-operatório; evidenciando um abaixamento global da altura patelar. O índice Caton-Deschamps modificado para ATJ pré-operatório médio foi de 1,41 (±0,25), e o pós foi de 1,31 (±0,25), p< 0,001. Não foi encontrada diferença significativa na variação deste índice quando comparados os grupos com e sem substituição patelar. A diferença média do índice no grupo sem patela foi de 0,11 e no grupo com patela foi de 0,08, sendo esta diferença considerada não significativa, p= 0,510. Conclusão Podemos concluir que a altura patelar teve variação significativa no grupo total, com redução da altura patelar no pós-operatório. Entretanto, a altura não variou de forma significativa entre os grupos pós-operatórios com e sem substituição patelar, independentemente da opção do cirurgião.

Assuntos

Humanos , Patela/cirurgia , Artroplastia do Joelho , Prótese do Joelho

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Serological tests for antibody measurement in leprosy have a series of limitations in discriminating contacts and patients. The present paper intends to evaluate if association of more than one antibody isotype in serum samples may be a useful tool in leprosy diagnosis. METHODS: This study evaluated 395 leprosy contacts and 71 leprosy index cases living in endemic municipalities in Northeastern Brazil. The participants were evaluated according to their anti-phenolic glycolipid antigen-I isotype (PGL-I) profile. Serum anti-PGL-I IgM, IgG, and IgA were measured by indirect ELISA. RESULTS: A strong association was found for antibody positivity in MB leprosy index cases. The odds ratios were 6.11 (95% CI 3.08 - 12.16) for IgM, 3.31 (1.66 - 6.61) for IgG, and 16.97 (8.39 - 34.2) for IgA. For IgM associated with one or more isotypes, the OR was 21.0 (95% CI 10.11 - 43.64), and for IgG + IgA, the OR was 17.58 (6.23 - 49.54). The highest diagnostic sensitivity of 76.0% (95% CI 61.8 - 86.9) was observed for IgM, and the lowest value was 24.1% (13.0 - 38.2), which was observed for IgG + IgA isotypes. Regarding presumptive positive predictive values, the lowest value was obtained for IgM at 24.7% (95% CI 18.1 - 32.3), and the highest values were observed for IgM+ one or more isotypes and for IgG + IgA isotype at 60.0% (44.3 - 74.3) and 66.7% (41.0 - 86.7), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The present work demonstrated that by associating two or more positive antibody isotypes, the risk of facing a real case of leprosy may increase.

Assuntos

Hanseníase , Mycobacterium leprae , Humanos , Imunoglobulina M , Anticorpos Antibacterianos , Antígenos de Bactérias , Hanseníase/diagnóstico , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Imunoglobulina A/análise , Imunoglobulina G

RESUMO

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo identificar o impacto da informação no contexto da construção de conhecimento em trabalhadores de startups. Nesse sentido, ao observarmos o atual cenário das organizações, analisamos que a informação é capaz de modificar o comportamento dos sujeitos de diferentes maneiras. Dessa forma, ao mesmo tempo em que devemos considerar a informação como um recurso para as organizações, também é necessário compreender o seu impacto na saúde geral dos trabalhadores, que vai desde a sensação de incapacidade em absorver múltiplas informações na produção de conhecimento, entre outros problemas (doenças somáticas, síndrome de esgotamento etc.), o que interfere na saúde mental, tanto quanto à saúde física. O uso da informação provoca inúmeros desencadeamentos nas organizações, todavia, destacamos um comportamento desenvolvido pelos trabalhadores que necessita ser analisado: a ansiedade informacional. Diante desse cenário, a presente pesquisa buscou compreender o comportamento informacional dos trabalhadores do conhecimento nas startups. Para tanto, foi escolhido o método 'estudo de caso', aplicando-se a triangulação, ou seja, aplicando diferentes técnicas de coleta e análise de dados, tornando a pesquisa mais consistente, validando assim os dados e análises realizadas. A população da pesquisa consiste em 18 sujeitos de 4 diferentes empresas de tecnologia da informação que foram enquadradas como startups. Com as informações colhidas, foi possível construir parâmetros baseados em estratégias de Gestão de Pessoas de Ribeiro et al (2019) capazes de minimizar o impacto da ansiedade em informação nos trabalhadores dessas startups(AU)

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Este documento tiene como objetivo identificar el impacto de la información en el contexto de la creación de conocimiento en los trabajadores de nuevas empresas. En este sentido, al observar el escenario actual de las organizaciones, analizamos que la información puede modificar el comportamiento de los sujetos de diferentes maneras. Por lo tanto, si bien debemos considerar la información como un recurso para las organizaciones, también es necesario comprender su impacto en la salud general de los trabajadores desde la sensación de incapacidad para absorber información múltiple en la producción de conocimiento; entre otros problemas, enfermedades somáticas, síndrome de agotamiento, etcétera, que interfieren con la salud mental y la salud física. El uso de la información causa numerosos factores desencadenantes en las organizaciones; sin embargo, destacamos un comportamiento desarrollado por los trabajadores que debe analizarse: la ansiedad informativa. Dado este escenario, la presente investigación buscó comprender el comportamiento informativo de los trabajadores del conocimiento en las nuevas empresas. Para esto, se eligió el método "estudio de caso", aplicando la triangulación, es decir, diferentes técnicas de recolección y análisis de datos, haciendo que la investigación sea más consistente, para validar los datos y el análisis realizado. La población de la investigación consistió en 18 sujetos de 4 compañías diferentes de tecnología de la información que fueron clasificadas como startups. Con la información recopilada, fue posible construir parámetros basados ​​en las estrategias de gestión de personas de Ribeiro y otros (2019), capaces de minimizar el impacto de la ansiedad por la información en los trabajadores de estas nuevas empresas(AU)

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The purpose of the study was to identify the impact of information in the context of knowledge creation among workers from startup enterprises. Based on observation of the current scenario of organizations, we analyzed the fact that information may modify the behavior of subjects in different ways. Thus, while we should consider information as a resource for organizations, we should also understand its impact on workers' general health in terms of a feeling of inability to grasp multiple information in the process of knowledge production. Among other problems, somatic diseases and the burnout syndrome interfere with mental and physical health. Given this scenario, the study aimed to understand the information behavior of knowledge workers in the new enterprises. To achieve this goal, the case study method was applied, which included the use of triangulation, i.e. different data collection and analysis techniques contributing greater consistency to the study when validating the data and the analysis performed. The study population was 18 subjects from 4 different information technology companies classified as startups. With the information collected, parameters could be constructed on the basis of the people management strategies developed by Ribeiro et al (2019), capable as they are of minimizing the impact of information anxiety among workers from these new enterprises(AU)

Assuntos

Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Gestão de Recursos Humanos/normas , Saúde Mental , Aptidão Física/psicologia , Conhecimento , Esgotamento Psicológico

RESUMO

The present work aimed to investigate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and wound healing potential of ethyl acetate fraction from Bauhinia ungulata L. (FABU) on in vitro and in vivo models. Wound healing assay using human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell line was employed to evaluate the ability of FABU in modulating cell migration. In addition, a surgical wound model in C57BL/6 mice was used to study the healing potential of FABU incorporated into gel carbomer 940 (Carbopol®). Evaluation of lipid peroxidation, inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediator gene expression, rate of wound closure, and histological analysis were done. FABU significantly reduced the gap area in in vitro wound healing assay, 24 h after treatment. In the animal model, FABU at 0.5% topically applied once-daily for 5 days to the surgical wounds significantly reduced the lesion area. Moreover, it significantly decreased the levels of lipid peroxidation in the lesions and decreased the relative gene expression levels of IL-1ß and TNF-α in the injured region. In conclusion, our study suggests that Bauhinia ungulata can effectively promote the wound healing, probably by regulating the inflammatory environment during the early stages of the process.

Assuntos

Bauhinia/metabolismo , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Cicatrização/efeitos dos fármacos , Células A549 , Acetatos/química , Acetatos/farmacologia , Resinas Acrílicas/farmacologia , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/metabolismo , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Fabaceae/metabolismo , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Fitoterapia , Pele/metabolismo , Cicatrização/fisiologia

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Leishmania braziliensis is prevalent in Latin American countries, including Brazil. It causes cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, leading to high morbidity, and has a low cure rate. Treatment is based on pentavalent antimonials; nonetheless, there are problems related to high toxicity, high cost, and parasitic resistance. Discovery of new leishmanicidal drugs without these limitations and that stimulate the cellular immune response is necessary. PURPOSE: The present work evaluates whether Astronium fraxinifolium Schott exerts leishmanicidal activity against L. braziliensis by providing a classically polarized profile in infected macrophages. METHODS: For the evaluation of the A. fraxinifolium Schott leishmanicidal activity, amastigote cell death was demonstrated in infected RAW 267.4 macrophages treated with an ethanolic extract from the plant sapwood (EEAF). For the evaluation of the EEAF capacity in providing a classically polarized profile in infected macrophages, the following analyses were done: detection of LAMP-1 protein by the baculovirus technology, measurement of superoxide anion by the NBT testing, quantification of TNF-α, IL-12p40, IL-10, IL-4, and TGF-ß by sandwich-type enzyme immune assays, and iNOS and COX-2 expression by RT-PCR technique. RESULTS: The EEAF significantly reduced amastigote counts inside the cells. Vacuoles were visualized in infected and treated cells before and after May-Grünwald-Giemsa staining. A strong LAMP-1 protein fluorescence revealed phagosome maturation in infected cells treated with the EEAF. No production of superoxide was visualized in infected cells treated with the plant material. Nonetheless, high levels of TNF-α, IL-12p40, and IL-10 were found in cell supernatants, but reduced levels of TGF-ß and no IL-4 production. We identified augmented mRNA expression for COX-2, but no expression of iNOS mRNA. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrated that A. fraxinifolium induced a classically polarized profile in infected macrophages but also provided a less harmful environment by stimulating the production of certain anti-inflammatory mediators, such as IL-10.

Assuntos

Macrófagos/efeitos dos fármacos , Macrófagos/imunologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Anacardiaceae/química , Animais , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Citocinas/análise , Citocinas/imunologia , Interleucina-10/análise , Macrófagos/parasitologia , Camundongos , Células RAW 264.7

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Interleukin-18 (IL-18), a proinflammatory and proatherogenic cytokine, has been associated with type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, stroke and coronary artery disease. Some studies have indicated that the IL-18 promoter -137 G/C polymorphism seems to be associated with changes in the IL-18 expression and may contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between -137 G/C polymorphism and the levels of IL-18, biochemical markers for cardiovascular disorders, anthropometric profile and cardiovascular disease in Brazilian patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). DESIGN & METHODS: Study subjects comprised 125 T2DM patients undergoing follow-up at a reference endocrinology service in northeastern Brazil. The -137G/C polymorphism in the IL-18 gene and serum IL-18 levels were determined by using allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and enzyme-linked immune assay (ELISA), respectively. The anthropometric parameters were assessed using a Body Composition Monitor with Scale, and the laboratory data were measured using an automatic analyzer as well as spectrophotometric analysis. RESULTS: The genotype distribution of IL-18 -137 G/C genetic polymorphism was significantly different among T2DM patients with and without CVD. The results show an association between the CC genotype of -137G/C polymorphism and CVD in T2DM patients (p < 0.001). Serum levels of IL-18 were significantly higher in CC carriers (843.1 pg/mL) compared with GG or GC carriers (303.6 pg/mL and 292.0 pg/mL, respectively). In addition, the present study showed that carriers of the CC genotype also had significantly higher concentrations of creatinine and albuminuria than carriers of the GG or GC genotypes (p < 0.05 in both). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that Brazilian T2DM patients with the CC genotype seem to show a predisposition to CVD, as well as an elevation in markers of renal function.

Assuntos

Doenças Cardiovasculares/genética , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/genética , Interleucina-18/genética , Regiões Promotoras Genéticas , Insuficiência Renal/genética , Adulto , Idoso , Biomarcadores/sangue , Brasil/epidemiologia , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/epidemiologia , Feminino , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Insuficiência Renal/epidemiologia

RESUMO

Inflammation is a physiological process triggered in response to tissue damage, and involves events related to cell recruitment, cytokines release and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Failing to control the process duration lead to chronification and may be associated with the development of various pathologies, including autoimmune diseases and cancer. Considering the pharmacological potential of metal-based compounds, two new ruthenium complexes were synthesized: cis-[Ru(NO2)(bpy)2(5NIM)]PF6 (1) and cis-[RuCl(bpy)2(MTZ)]PF6 (2), where bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, 5NIM = 5-nitroimidazole and MTZ = metronidazole. Both products were characterized by spectroscopic techniques, followed by Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations in order to support experimental findings. Afterwards, their in vitro cytotoxic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were investigated. Compounds 1 and 2 presented expressive in vitro antioxidant activity, reducing lipid peroxidation and decreasing intracellular ROS levels with comparable effectiveness to the standard steroidal drug dexamethasone or α-tocopherol. These complexes showed no noticeable cytotoxicity on the tested cancer cell lines. Bactericidal assay against metronidazole-resistant Helicobacter pylori, a microorganism able to disrupt oxidative balance, unraveled compound 1 moderate activity over that strain. Besides this, it was able to inhibit interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF- α) production as well as interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. This latter activity is remarkable, which has not been reported for other ruthenium-based complexes. Altogether, these results suggest cis-[Ru(NO2)(bpy)2(5NIM)]PF6 complex has potential pharmacological application as an anti-inflammatory agent that deserve further biological investigation.

Assuntos

Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Complexos de Coordenação/farmacologia , Imidazóis/química , Rutênio/química , Células A549 , Animais , Antibacterianos/química , Anti-Inflamatórios/química , Antineoplásicos/química , Antioxidantes/química , Bactérias/efeitos dos fármacos , Proliferação de Células , Complexos de Coordenação/química , Humanos , Peroxidação de Lipídeos , Células MCF-7 , Camundongos , Estrutura Molecular , Células RAW 264.7 , Superóxidos/metabolismo

RESUMO

The data contained in this publication refers to protocols adopted characterization of clay nanoparticles (CN) membranes with and without the use of polyethylene oxide (PEO) as pore former. The membrane casting solutions were produced by dissolving PS (18% w/w) in NMP with addition of CN (1-5% w/w CN/PS) and/or PEO (1-5% w/w PEO/PS) when applicable. Membranes with no CN or PEO were used as a control. Pure water permeability of cast membranes was determined using the cross-flow cell unit. Viscosity was measured for most casting solution compositions and contact angle was measured for all membranes. The control membrane was further compared in detail to the highest permeability membranes with only CN (1.5%), only PEO (5%), 1.5% CN and 5% PEO (combination of optimal individual permeabilities), and 4.5% CN and 5% PEO (optimal combined permeability) regarding thickness, porosity, rejection, fouling resistance, surface charge, and thermal/mechanical properties. The relevance of the data presented here is to show details about methods for characterizing membranes for future comparison of performance and eventual improvement of characterization methods.