RESUMO
Caprine brucellosis is an infectious, contagious zoonotic disease caused by Brucella melitensis. Multiple factors, including host genetics, can influence the outcome of the exposure to Brucella; and it is expected that genetic variants that affect the host innate immune response could have a key role in Brucella infection and pathogenesis. In this study, we evaluated if polymorphisms in innate immunity-related genes are associated with results of Brucella infection in goats. Nine polymorphisms within interferon gamma (IFNG), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), MyD88 innate immune signal transduction adaptor (MYD88), interleukin 10 (IL10) and IL-10 receptor subunit alpha (IL10RA) genes and two molecular markers (BMS2753 and INRA111) were resolved by PCR-capillary electrophoresis in samples from 81 seronegative and 61 seropositive goats for brucellosis. A heterozygous genotype at INRA111, a microsatellite near the VRK serine/threonine kinase 2 (VRK2) gene, was associated with absence of Brucella-specific antibodies in goats naturally exposed to the pathogen (Pâ¯=â¯.004). Conversely, variants in the TNF gene (rs668920841) and near the IFN gamma receptor 1 (IFNGR1) gene (microsatellite BMS2753) were significantly associated with presence of Brucella-specific antibodies at allelic (Pâ¯=â¯.042 and Pâ¯=â¯.046) and genotypic level (Pâ¯=â¯.012 and Pâ¯=â¯.041, respectively). Moreover, an in silico analysis predicted a functional role of the insertion-deletion polymorphism rs668920841 on the transcriptional regulation of the caprine TNF gene. Altogether, these results contribute to the identification of genetic factors that have a putative effect on the resistance / susceptibility phenotype of goats to Brucella infection.
Assuntos
Brucelose/genética , Doenças das Cabras/genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/genética , Animais , Brucelose/veterinária , CabrasRESUMO
Polymorphisms in microsatellites at the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of the SLC11A1 (solute carrier family 11 member A1) gene have been associated with natural resistance to Brucella abortus and Mycobacterium bovis infection in livestock species. Here, we carried out an individual genetic analysis of the two microsatellites present at the 3'UTR SLC11A1 gene in 254 Bos taurus purebred, 125 B. indicus purebred and 54 B. taurus × B. indicus crossbred cattle. The genotyping by capillary electrophoresis showed the presence of four alleles (157, 159, 161 and 163) for the first microsatellite (MS1) and six alleles (175, 177, 179, 181, 183 and 185) for the second microsatellite (MS2). The alleles 159 and 175 were the most frequent in all breeds analyzed. B. taurus showed the most homogeneous haplotype and genotype for both microsatellites, whereas B. indicus showed the most heterogeneous haplotype and genotype. Two novel variants (alleles 161 and 163) within the MS1 are reported as well as novel variants in MS2 in Holstein breed. The knowledge of the polymorphisms distribution in both microsatellites at the 3'UTR of the SLC11A1 gene in cattle breeds is useful for future experimental design to evaluate the association between reported genotypes and natural resistance to pathogens infection.
Assuntos
Regiões 3' não Traduzidas , Proteínas de Transporte de Cátions/genética , Bovinos/genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Proteínas de Transporte de Cátions/química , Frequência do Gene , Genótipo , Desequilíbrio de Ligação , Repetições de Microssatélites , Dados de Sequência MolecularRESUMO
Brucellosis is a worldwide zoonotic infectious disease that has a significant economic impact on animal production and human public health. We characterized the gene expression profile of B. abortus-infected monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) from naïve cattle naturally resistant (R) or susceptible (S) to brucellosis using a cDNA microarray technology. Our data indicate that (1) B. abortus induced a slightly increased genome activation in R MDMs and a down-regulated transcriptome in S MDMs, during the onset of infection, (2) R MDMs had the ability to mount a type 1 immune response against B. abortus infection which was impaired in S cells, and (3) the host cell activity was not altered after 12 h post-B. abortus infection in R MDMs while the cell cycle was largely arrested in infected S MDMs at 12 h p.i. These results contribute to an improved understanding of how host responses may be manipulated to prevent infection by brucellae.
Assuntos
Brucella abortus/imunologia , Brucelose Bovina/genética , Suscetibilidade a Doenças/veterinária , Imunidade Inata , Macrófagos , Animais , Brucelose Bovina/imunologia , Bovinos , Suscetibilidade a Doenças/imunologia , Regulação para Baixo/imunologia , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica/veterinária , Análise de Sequência com Séries de Oligonucleotídeos/veterináriaRESUMO
Liquid nitrogen freezing is recommended for long-term preservation of Leptospira serovars. However, there is no standard protocol to follow for this methodology. We herein report a simple procedure to preserve well-characterized Leptospira serovars unaltered for long-term storage in liquid nitrogen. Forty-three (43) leptospira strains, cryoprotected with 10% (v/v) glycerol were rapidly frozen in a dry-ice methanol bath and immediately submerged in liquid-nitrogen. Viability was retained in 100%, 93% and 83% of the frozen cultures after 6, 18 and 54 months, following freezing and storage in liquid nitrogen, respectively. Motility and agglutinability were not altered. These results demonstrate the usefulness of this protocol for long-term storage of genus Leptospira in liquid nitrogen.
Assuntos
Leptospira/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Nitrogênio , Técnicas Bacteriológicas/métodos , Temperatura Baixa , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Liquid nitrogen freezing is recommended for long-term preservation of Leptospira serovars. However, there is no standard protocol to follow for this methodology. We herein report a simple procedure to preserve well-characterized Leptospira serovars unaltered for long-term storage in liquid nitrogen. Forty-three (43) leptospira strains, cryoprotected with 10% (v/v) glycerol were rapidly frozen in a dry-ice methanol bath and immediately submerged in liquid-nitrogen. Viability was retained in 100%, 93% and 83% of the frozen cultures after 6, 18 and 54 months, following freezing and storage in liquid nitrogen, respectively. Motility and agglutinability were not altered. These results demonstrate the usefulness of this protocol for long-term storage of genus Leptospira in liquid nitrogen.
Se recomienda la congelación en nitrógeno líquido para el mantenimiento de cepas de leptospiras a largo plazo. Sin embargo, no existe para ello una metodología de trabajo estandarizada. En este trabajo se presenta y evalúa un protocolo simple para conservar inalteradas cepas de leptospiras en nitrógeno líquido durante largo tiempo. Cuarenta y tres (43) cepas de leptospiras crioprotegidas con glicerol al 10% (v/v) fueron rápidamente congeladas en un baño de metanol y hielo seco, e inmediatamente sumergidas en nitrógeno líquido. Fue posible recuperar el 100%, 93% y 83% de los cultivos congelados a los 6, 18 y 54 meses poscongelación, respectivamente, sin observarse alteración en la movilidad ni en la aglutinabilidad de las cepas recuperadas. Estos resultados demuestran la utilidad del protocolo presentado para conservar cepas del género Leptospira en nitrógeno líquido durante largos períodos de tiempo.
Assuntos
Leptospira/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Nitrogênio , Técnicas Bacteriológicas/métodos , Temperatura Baixa , Fatores de TempoAssuntos
Jacarés e Crocodilos , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/análise , Leptospira/imunologia , Leptospirose/veterinária , Testes de Aglutinação/veterinária , Animais , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/sangue , Argentina/epidemiologia , Leptospira/classificação , Leptospira/isolamento & purificação , Leptospirose/epidemiologia , Leptospirose/etiologiaRESUMO
CS31A is a K88-related non-fimbrial adhesin first described on Escherichia coli strains isolated from diarrhoeic and septicaemic calves. In this report, CS31A antigen was screened by immunological methods and confirmed by PCR among bovine E. coli isolates. In addition, CS31A-producing strains were characterized with respect to different fimbrial antigens, O-serogroup and other properties related to virulence. Faecal or tissue specimens of 100 diarrhoeic or septicaemic calves and 27 older cattle with different pathologies from 71 outbreaks or individual cases that occurred in Buenos Aires province, Argentina, were examined. CS31A + E. coli strains were isolated from 21 (21.0%) calves from 16 outbreaks or individual cases. No CS31A + E. coli was detected in samples from cattle more than 1 year old. Fimbriae F5, F41, F17a and F17b were not detected among the CS31A-producing strains. Three (14.3%) of the CS31A+ E. coli strains expressed the F17c fimbria. All of the 21 isolates exhibited at least one property of septicaemic strains (resistance to serum, production of aerobactin or colicins) but none of them demonstrated heat-stable enterotoxigenic activity. CS31A + E. coli isolates belonged to 10 serogroups, more commonly O8, O7, O17 and O21. The results obtained here confirm the worldwide distribution of CS31A antigen in bovine E. coli strains. However, CS31A + or CS31A + /F17c + E. coli were less frequently isolated than they were in North hemisphere countries.