RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the power of computed tomography venography (CTV) to identify and characterize iliac vein obstruction (IVO) compared with intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) examination in highly symptomatic patients with chronic venous disease (CVD). METHODS: CVD CEAP C3 to C6 limbs with visual analog scale for pain score of greater than 3 and/or venous clinical severity scale of greater than 8 were prospectively investigated with CTV and IVUS examination. The segment of maximum IVO was verified and categorically classified: group I, 0% to 49%; group II, 50% to 79%; and group III, 80% or greater. The CTV's screening power to detect the point and degree of maximum IVO was compared with IVUS examination. RESULTS: The CTV point of maximum IVO was 80% in the left limb, 10% in the right limb, 10% bilaterally; 2% in the inferior vena cava; 91% in the common iliac vein (CIV) confluence (41.6% below the CIV confluence, 34.5% at the CIV confluence, and 23.9% above the CIV confluence); 7% at the external iliac vein (kappa index 0.841; P < .001, when compared with IVUS examination). The distal venous segment considered free of obstruction was above the inguinal ligament: 68% (CIV, 47%; external iliac vein, 21%) with 32% below the inguinal ligament (common femoral vein, 26%; deep femoral vein, 6%) (kappa index 0.671; P » .023, when compared with IVUS). The power of CTV to detect an IVO of 50% or greater (groups II and III) when compared with IVUS achieved a sensitivity and specificity ratio of 94.0% and 79.2%, respectively. The positive predictive value was 94%, the negative predictive value was 79.1%, accuracy was 86.7% (kappa, 0.733), and interobserver agreement was 92.1% (95% confidence interval, 87.1-97.7; kappa, 0.899). CONCLUSIONS: CTV is a powerful screening method in determining the precise point of compression and classifying IVO in limbs with symptomatic CVD when compared with IVUS. The prevalence of an obstruction above the iliac vein confluence is significant and should be considered in iliac vein stenting treatment strategy. The tomographic classification system proposed here may help to define the optimum technique of treatment, prognosis, and comparison of outcome results.
Assuntos
Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Great efforts have been made to choose between bypass surgery and angioplasty as the first choice for revascularisation in chronic limb threatening ischaemia (CLTI). Endovascular therapy predominates despite limited evidence for its advantages. The purpose of this observational cohort study was to investigate outcomes after open and endovascular infrapopliteal revascularisation in extensive infrainguinal arterial disease. METHODS: The medical records of 1 427 patients who underwent infrainguinal revascularisation exclusively for CLTI in the period January 2014 to February 2019 were reviewed. After detailed analysis, only infrapopliteal revascularisations classified as GLASS stage II or III were considered, resulting in 326 procedures. In total, 127 patients underwent endovascular therapy and 199 patients underwent bypass graft surgery (BGS). The primary endpoints included amputation free survival (AFS) and overall survival (OS). Secondary endpoints included the analyses of multiple factors related to long term AFS. RESULTS: Regarding the primary endpoint, AFS was 75.2% and 65.2% at one and three years, respectively. OS at one and three years was 91.2% and 83.1%, respectively. In the univariable analysis, the hazard of the combined endpoint of major amputation or death was higher after bypass surgery than after endovascular therapy (hazard ratio [HR] 1.80, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13 - 2.89; p = .013). After either revascularisation method, TASC II femoropopliteal D was associated with a higher risk of amputation or death (HR 1.69, 95% CI 1.10 - 2.58; p = .015). Multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed no association between the variables analysed for AFS. CONCLUSION: Patients with CLTI submitted to infrapopliteal revascularisation and classified as GLASS II and III had satisfactory AFS and OS rates after an individualised team conference decision. Furthermore, the revascularisation modality (endovascular or open) did not influence the AFS results.
Assuntos
Procedimentos Endovasculares , Doença Arterial Periférica , Enxerto Vascular , Isquemia Crônica Crítica de Membro , Humanos , Isquemia , Salvamento de Membro , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Resultado do TratamentoAssuntos
Veia Ilíaca , Ultrassonografia de Intervenção , Humanos , Flebografia , Tomografia , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
Objective: To investigate power of computed tomography venography (CTV) to identify and characterize iliac vein obstruction (IVO) compared with intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) examination in highly symptomatic patients with chronic venous disease (CVD). Methods: CVD CEAP C3-6 limbs with visual analog scale for pain score of greater than 3 and/or Venous Clinical Severity Scale of greater than 8 were prospectively investigated with CTV and IVUS examination. The segment of maximum IVO was verified and categorically classified: group I, 0% to 49%; group II, 50% to 79%; and group III, 80% or greater. The CTV's screening power to detect the point and degree of maximum IVO was compared with IVUS. Results: The CTV point of maximum IVO was 80% in the left limb, 10% in the right limb, 10% bilaterally; 2% in the inferior vena cava; 91% in the common iliac vein (CIV) confluence (41.6% below the CIV confluence, 34.5 at the CIV confluence, and 23.9% above the CIV confluence); 7% at the external iliac vein (kappa index 0.841; P < .001, when compared with IVUS). The distal venous segment considered free of obstruction was above inguinal ligament: 68% (CIV, 47%; external iliac vein, 21%) 32% below the inguinal ligament (common femoral vein, 26%; deep femoral vein, 6%) (kappa index 0.671; P » .023, when compared with IVUS). The power of CTV to detect an IVO of 50% or greater (groups II and III) when compared with IVUS achieved a sensitivity and specificity ratio of 94.0% and 79.2%, respectively. The positive predictive value was 94%, the negative predictive value was 79.1%, accuracy was 86.7% (kappa, 0.733), and interobserver agreement was 92.1% (95% confidence interval, 87.1-97.7; kappa, 0.899). Conclusions: CTV is a powerful screening method in determining the precise point of compression and classifying IVO in limbs with symptomatic CVD when compared with IVUS. The prevalence of an obstruction above the iliac vein confluence is significant and should be considered in iliac vein stenting treatment strategy. The tomographic classification system proposed here may help to define the optimum technique of treatment, prognosis, and comparison of outcome results. (J Vasc Surg: Venous and Lym Dis 2019;-:1-10.) Keywords: Iliac vein obstruction; Computed tomography Venography; Intravascular ultrasound; May-Thuner syndrome; Cockett syndrome; Classification
Assuntos
Síndrome de May-Thurner , Veia Ilíaca , Flebografia , Ultrassonografia de Intervenção , Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe CônicoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE:Iliac vein stenting has emerged as the procedure of choice in the treatment of iliac vein obstruction (IVO). However, clinical outcomes have never been studied by a randomized clinical trial. Our purpose was to compare medical and endovascular treatment results in symptomatic chronic venous disease (CVD) patients with significant IVO documented by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS).METHODS:Patients with Clinical, Etiology, Anatomy, and Pathophysiology clinical class C3 to C6 and a visual analog scale for pain (VAS pain) score >3 were considered eligible. We randomly assigned limbs with ≥50% IVO on IVUS to undergo medical treatment alone or medical treatment plus iliac vein stenting. The patient and clinical physician were blinded. Primary outcomes included change from baseline in VAS pain score, Venous Clinical Severity Score, and 36-Item Short Form Health Survey quality of life questionnaire. Secondary outcomes included stent integrity, migration, and patency rates at 6 months.
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Stents , Veia Ilíaca/cirurgiaRESUMO
Atherosclerotic popliteal aneurysms are the most common peripheral artery aneurysms. Thrombosis, embolization, rupture, and compression of adjacent structures are well-known complications. We report a patient with a giant thigh hematoma and a pulsatile mass thought to be a ruptured popliteal artery aneurysm. It proved to be an unruptured 8.5 cm femoropopliteal aneurysm with avulsed and bleeding adjacent veins, the source of the hematoma. This constitutes the first known report of this unusual complication.
Assuntos
Aneurisma/diagnóstico , Artéria Femoral , Artéria Poplítea , Idoso , Anastomose Cirúrgica/métodos , Aneurisma/complicações , Aneurisma/cirurgia , Aneurisma Roto/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Artéria Femoral/cirurgia , Humanos , Masculino , Doenças Vasculares Periféricas/complicações , Artéria Poplítea/cirurgia , Ruptura Espontânea , Resultado do Tratamento , VeiasRESUMO
Objetivo: Embora a revisão cirúrgica seja o tratamento tradicionalmente utilizado em lesões estenóticas, a angioplastia transluminal tem-se mostrado uma alternativa menos invasiva para o tratamento dessas lesões. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar os resultados de perviedade obtidos após a angioplastia transluminal de lesões estenóticas pós-operatórias.Método: Foram estudadas prospectivamente 19 angioplastias transluminais realizadas em 16 pacientes com lesões estenóticas diagnosticadas no trajeto do enxerto e consideradas adequadas para a realização do procedimento. As variáveis analisadas foram: tempo de pós-operatório; método diagnóstico; características da estenose; método para realização da angioplastia; sucesso imediato do procedimento; complicações; perviedade em médio prazo.Resultados: A análise das 19 lesões estenóticas favoráveis à angioplastia evidenciou que o tempo médio de pós-operatório foi de 10,26 meses; o eco-Doppler colorido foi o responsável pelo diagnóstico em 68,4 por cento dos casos, todos assintomáticos. Os sítio de angioplastia transluminal foram: corpo do enxerto(terço proximal e terço distal); anastomose distal; anastomose proximal;artéria ilíaca(leito proximal); e leito distal. Após 15 meses, 15 dos 16 pacientes (93,75 por cento) evoluíram sem sintomas isquêmicos. Foram alcançados índices de perviedade primária de 78,9 por cento, de perviedade assistida de 94 por cento, e de salvamento de membro de 100 por cento.Conclusão: A angioplastia transluminal representa um método alternativo e menos invasivo para a manutenção da perviedade e salvamento de membro nos pacientes submetidos à revascularização de membros inferiores...
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Angioplastia com Balão/efeitos adversos , Perna (Organismo) , Estudo de Avaliação , Seguimentos , Isquemia , Fatores de Tempo , Transplante AutólogoRESUMO
A oclusão arterial aguda dos membros inferiores pode ser definida como deficiência súbita de perfusão sangüínea tecidual, levando ao risco de perda da capacidade funcional do membro. A revascularização precoce do leito arterial comprometido corresponde ao princípio terapêutico mais importante. Na realidade, além da revascularização cirúrgica, a infusão de trombolíticos vem sendo utilizada com resultados satisfatórios em alguns estudos. Neste artigo, procuramos demonstrar os principais conceitos e o valor atual da terapia fibrinolítica, através da revisão dos principais estudos que utilizaram agentes trombolíticos na oclusão arterial aguda de membros inferiores...