RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: This study was to evaluate the feasibility of simultaneous integrated boost on tumor hypoxia area by studying the dosimetric change of hypoxia imaging guidance on intensity-modulated radiation therapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: Five NSCLC patients with large hypoxic volume participated in this study. FDG PET/CT images were fused with CT localization images to delineate gross tumor volume. FMISO PET/CT images were fused with CT localization images to delineate hypoxic biological target volume (BTV) (tissue maximum ratio ≥ 1.3) by threshold. BTV was irradiated with 72, 78 and 84 Gy, respectively, 30 times. The dosimetry differences were compared in target volume and organ at risk between simultaneous integrated boost plans and conventional radiotherapy plans. RESULTS: Dosages on BTV of NSCLC hypoxic area were increased to 72, 78 and 84 Gy, respectively, by simultaneous integrated boost intensity-modulated radiation therapy. There was no obvious difference in dosage distributions on original target volume compared with those in conventional radiotherapy. Dosages on main organ at risk in chest met the dosimetric constraint, and there was no significant difference compared with those in conventional radiotherapy. CONCLUSION: It is feasible in dosiology that the dosages in NSCLC hypoxic area were added to 72, 78 and 84 Gy by simultaneous integrated boost with the guidance of 18F-FMISO PET/CT.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/diagnóstico por imagem , Hipóxia/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico por imagem , Imagem Multimodal/métodos , Planejamento da Radioterapia Assistida por Computador/métodos , Radioterapia de Intensidade Modulada/métodos , Idoso , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/radioterapia , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/radioterapia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Misonidazol/análogos & derivados , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons combinada à Tomografia Computadorizada , Dosagem RadioterapêuticaRESUMO
Male ICR mice were orally administered samarium nitrate [Sm(NO3)3] to investigate its effects on sperm concentration and sperm quality. After acute exposure to ≥2880.00 mg/kg Sm(NO3)3 via intragastric gavage, sperm motility and acrosome integrity were decreased, and the sperm malformation percentage was increased (P < 0.05). After subchronic exposure to ≥500.00 mg/L Sm(NO3)3 administered via drinking water for 90 days, relative gonad weight, sperm concentration, and sperm quality significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Sperm malformation also increased after subchronic exposure to Sm, which was found to be the most sensitive index. Sperm head malformation accounted for the largest proportion of all types of sperm malformations evaluated. Of the six different subtypes of head malformation, irregular shape accounted for the largest proportion.
Assuntos
Acrossomo/efeitos dos fármacos , Samário/toxicidade , Motilidade dos Espermatozoides/efeitos dos fármacos , Acrossomo/patologia , Animais , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos ICR , Samário/administração & dosagem , Contagem de EspermatozoidesRESUMO
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a double-stranded DNA virus with the largest genome (~235 kb) of the known human herpes viruses. The coding potential and transcript structures of most HCMV predicted genes have not been identified. New or unknown genes could exist in clinical strains. The SMART (switching mechanism at 5' end of RNA template of reverse transcriptase) technique was used to construct a full-length cDNA library of an HCMV clinical strain in the late expression phase. Randomly selected clones were sequenced. The sequenced expressed sequence tags were used to identify the expression and transcript structures of some predicted and unpredicted genes of HCMV. The transcripts of the UL99, TRL5/IRL5, UL73 to UL75, UL4, and UL115 genes, which were previously detected, were obtained with full-length structures from this library. Some novel transcripts, including several transcripts of UL/b' genes and three antisense transcripts of UL83, UL87 and UL31 were found. The novel transcripts that were found, particularly the antisense transcripts of UL83, UL87 and UL31, showed that the transcription of HCMV genes is more complex than previously predicted. Our study highlights the usefulness of the full-length cDNA library for discovering new genes and transcripts of HCMV.
Assuntos
Citomegalovirus/genética , DNA Complementar/genética , Biblioteca Gênica , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Sequência de Bases , Mapeamento Cromossômico , DNA Viral/genética , DNA Viral/ultraestrutura , Etiquetas de Sequências Expressas , Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Fases de Leitura Aberta/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , RNA Viral/genéticaRESUMO
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) genetic determinants of endothelial cell tropism, leukocytes and dendritic cells have been identified in the genes UL131A, UL130, and UL128. We examined the structure of these three genes in HCMV. Eighteen low-passage clinical isolates and five non-passage strains from congenitally HCMV-infected infants in China were used to assess the structures of the UL131A, UL130, and UL128 genes and to find possible relationships between sequence polymorphism and different signs of HCMV disease. Comparisons were made between the UL131A, UL130, and UL128 genes of clinical strains and published sequences of Towne and Merlin strains. The UL131A coding region in the clinical strains was similar to that of Towne and Merlin strains, while UL130, and UL128 coding regions in the clinical strains were parallel with those of Towne and Merlin, respectively. Sequence comparison indicated that the UL130, and UL128 genes encode chemokine-like proteins in the clinical strain; the transmembrane regions of UL131A, and UL130 were conserved in all clinical and reference strains. The three genes of clinical strains from infants with different signs of HCMV disease had similar structure characterization. We conclude that the UL131A, UL130, and UL128 genes are highly conserved in these clinical strains. No correlation was found between the structure of the three genes and variations in HCMV disease. The finding of chemokine-like domains in UL130, and UL128 putative proteins suggests that the predicted products play a role in HCMV infectivity.