RESUMO
Fucan (SV1) sulfated polysaccharides from the brown algae Sargassum vulgare were extracted, fractionated in acetone and examined with respect to chemical composition, anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic effects and cellular proliferation. These polysaccharides contain low levels of protein, high level of carbohydrate and sulfate. Monosaccharides analysis revealed that SV1 was composed of fucose, galactose, xylose, glucuronic acid and mannose. SV1 polysaccharide prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and exhibited high antithrombotic action in vivo, with a concentration ten times higher than heparin activity. PSV1, a purified form in gel filtration showed very low biological activities. SV1 stimulated the enzymatic activity of FXa. Its action on DPPH radical scavenging activity was 22%. This polymer has no cytotoxic action (hemolytic) on ABO and Rh blood types in different erythrocyte groups. It displays strong anti-inflammatory action at all concentrations tested in the carrageenan-induced paw edema model, demonstrated by reduced edema and cellular infiltration.
Assuntos
Polissacarídeos/farmacologia , Sargassum/química , Sistema ABO de Grupos Sanguíneos/metabolismo , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/química , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/isolamento & purificação , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/farmacologia , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/uso terapêutico , Anticoagulantes/química , Anticoagulantes/isolamento & purificação , Anticoagulantes/farmacologia , Anticoagulantes/uso terapêutico , Carragenina/efeitos adversos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Edema/induzido quimicamente , Edema/tratamento farmacológico , Eritrócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Eritrócitos/imunologia , Fator Xa/metabolismo , Fibrinolíticos/química , Fibrinolíticos/isolamento & purificação , Fibrinolíticos/farmacologia , Fibrinolíticos/uso terapêutico , Sequestradores de Radicais Livres/química , Sequestradores de Radicais Livres/isolamento & purificação , Sequestradores de Radicais Livres/farmacologia , Sequestradores de Radicais Livres/uso terapêutico , Hemólise/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Camundongos , Polissacarídeos/química , Polissacarídeos/isolamento & purificação , Polissacarídeos/uso terapêutico , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Sistema do Grupo Sanguíneo Rh-Hr/metabolismo , Trombina/metabolismoRESUMO
Fucan is a term used to denominate a family of sulfated polysaccharides rich in L-fucose. The brown alga Spatoglossum schröederi, Dictyotaceae, synthesizes three heterofucans named A, B, and C. Fucan A is a non-anticoagulant heterofucan which possesses potent antithrombotic (in vivo) and antiproliferative (in vitro) activities. However, its toxicity in vivo has not been determined. The present study examined the acute and subchronic toxicity of the fucan A in Wistar rats after subcutaneous administration. After that, the animals were killed and examined. The results showed in the acute study that fucan A did not cause general adverse effects and mortality in the concentrations 0, 20, 100, 1000, and 2000 µg/g body weight per rat for seven days. Regarding the subchronic study, the data showed that the fucan A did not cause any change in hematological and biochemistry parameters, as well as in the morphology, and in the size of the rat's organs analyzed at a concentration of 20 µg/g body weight per rat during a 62-day period. In conclusion, this study indicates this heterofucan is a compound with potential pharmacological value that has no toxicity in vivo.