Assuntos
Transtornos Linfoproliferativos , Pessoas Transgênero , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero , Feminino , Masculino , Humanos , Colo do Útero , PeleRESUMO
Introdução: Embora prevalente, a epidemiologia das queimaduras possui lacunas. Simultaneamente, a COVID-19 estabeleceu um cenário desafiador e com novos comportamentos humanos, que poderiam impactar nas características e na incidência de queimaduras. O objetivo geral do projeto foi descrever o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes de uma Unidade de Tratamento de Queimados. Método: O estudo foi uma revisão prontuários de janeiro de 2018 até maio de 2022, incluindo uma amostra de 1164 admissões do Hospital Padre Albino (Catanduva-SP). A análise estatística foi realizada através do Google Sheets e JAMOVI, sendo aplicado o Teste U de Mann-Whitney para comparação de períodos de tempo antes e durante a pandemia. Antes da coleta de dados, o mesmo foi submetido e aprovado pelo Conselho de Ética em Pesquisa da instituição (parecer número 5.616.556, CAAE: 62621822.50000.5430). Resultados: As admissões apresentaram idade média de 31,38 anos e 17,88% de Superfície Corporal Queimada (SCQ), sendo 452 mulheres e 712 homens; a média de SCQ foi de 17 para mulheres e 18,6 para homens. O principal agente causador foi a escaldadura. No que tange à comparação por períodos, durante a pandemia a chama direta teve um aumento de 8% em relação ao período anterior (35%). A escaldadura ainda permaneceu com prevalência elevada, no entanto, apresentou queda de 2%, assim como as queimaduras por dermoabrasão, com queda de 10%. Conclusão: Os achados dos estudos possuem limites em termos de generalização e novos estudos precisam ser desenvolvidos. As mudanças observadas no período não foram significativas e sem relevância clínica.
Introduction: Although prevalent, the epidemiology of burns has gaps. At the same time, Covid-19 established a new scenario with new human behaviors, which could equally impact the characteristics and incidence of burns. The overall objective of the project was to describe the epidemiological profile of patients in a Burn Treatment Unit. Methods: The study was a chart review from January 2018 to May 2022, including a sample of 1164 admissions from Hospital Padre Albino (Catanduva, São Paulo, Brazil). Statistical analysis was performed using Google Sheets and JAMOVI, and Mann-Whitney U-test was applied for comparison of time periods before and during the pandemic. Before data collection, the study was submitted and approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the institution (document number 5.616.556, CAAE: 62621822.50000.5430). Results: The admissions presented a mean age of 31.38 years and 17.88% of body surface area burned, 452 women and 712 men, the mean age was 17 for women and 18.6 for men. The main agent was scalding. When it comes to period comparison, during the pandemic direct flaming had an 8% increase over the previous period (35%). The scalds still remained with high prevalence, however it presented a decrease of 2%, as well as the burns by dermabrasion, which had a decrease of 10%. Conclusion: The findings of the studies have limits in terms of generalization, and new studies need to be developed. The changes observed in the period were not significant and without clinical relevance.
RESUMO
Contexto: Amiloidose é um grupo de doenças caracterizadas pelo depósito de proteínas fibrilares, denominadas substância amiloide. Podem ser divididas em formas localizadas ou sistêmicas, sendo que dentre as localizadas, a forma nodular é a mais rara. Descrição do caso: Relatamos o caso de amiloidose primária localizada cutânea nodular que se apresentou com nódulos violáceos no dorso, e placas acastanhadas na região cervical há 8 anos sem evidências de envolvimento sistêmico. Discussão: Como cerca de 1% a 7% dos casos de amiloidose nodular localizada cutânea podem evoluir com envolvimento sistêmico, o seguimento dos pacientes faz-se necessário. O tratamento não é obrigatório, a retirada das lesões pode ser feita se o paciente o desejar, contudo as recidivas são frequentes. Conclusões: Mesmo possuindo baixa prevalência, a amiloidose nodular deve ser reconhecida pelo risco de progredir para acometimento sistêmico e associação com discrasias plasmocitárias, como mieloma múltiplo.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Plasmócitos , Plasmocitoma , Vermelho Congo , Amiloidose de Cadeia Leve de Imunoglobulina , AmiloidoseRESUMO
Mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS) are cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. MF is the most common cutaneous lymphoma, and it is classified into classic Alibert-Bazin MF, folliculotropic MF, pagetoid reticulosis, and granulomatous slack skin, each with characteristic clinical presentation, histopathological findings, and distinct clinical behaviors. SS is an aggressive leukemic variant of cutaneous lymphoma, and it is characterized by erythroderma, lymphadenopathy, and peripheral blood involvement by malignant cells. There is a wide range of dermatological manifestations of MF/SS, and prompt recognition is essential for early diagnosis. Skin biopsy for histopathology and immunohistochemical analysis is imperative to confirm the diagnosis of MF/SS. Histopathology may also provide information that may influence prognosis and treatment. Staging follows the TNMB system. Besides advanced stage, other factors associated with poorer prognosis are advanced age, male gender, folliculotropism in histopathology of patients with infiltrated plaques and tumors in the head and neck region, large cell transformation, and elevated lactate dehydrogenase. Treatment is divided into skin-directed therapies (topical treatments, phototherapy, radiotherapy), and systemic therapies (biological response modifiers, targeted therapies, chemotherapy). Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation and extracorporeal photopheresis are other treatment modalities used in selected cases. This review discusses the main clinical characteristics, the histopathological/immunohistochemical findings, the staging system, and the therapeutic management of MF/SS.
RESUMO
Cutaneous metastases from solid tumors are uncommon events in clinical practice. Most of the time, the patient already has the diagnosis of a malignant neoplasm when the cutaneous metastasis is detected. However, in up to one-third of cases, cutaneous metastasis is identified before the primary tumor. Therefore, its identification may be essential for starting treatment, although it is usually indicative of poor prognosis. The diagnosis will depend on clinical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical analysis. Sometimes the identification of the primary site is difficult; however, a thorough analysis using imaging tests and constant surveillance is important.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Cutâneas , Humanos , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologiaRESUMO
Sézary syndrome (SS) is a rare and aggressive type of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, with an abnormal inflammatory response in affected skin. The cytokines IL-1B and IL-18, as key signaling molecules in the immune system, are produced in an inactive form and cleave to the active form by inflammasomes. In this study, we assessed the skin, serum, peripheral mononuclear blood cell (PBMC) and lymph-node samples of SS patients and control groups (healthy donors (HDs) and idiopathic erythroderma (IE) nodes) to investigate the inflammatory markers IL-1B and IL-18 at the protein and transcript expression levels, as potential markers of inflammasome activation. Our findings showed increased IL-1B and decreased IL-18 protein expression in the epidermis of SS patients; however, in the dermis layer, we detected increased IL-18 protein expression. In the lymph nodes of SS patients at advanced stages of the disease (N2/N3), we also detected an enhancement of IL-18 and a downregulation of IL-1B at the protein level. Moreover, the transcriptomic analysis of the SS and IE nodes confirmed the decreased expression of IL1B and NLRP3, whereas the pathway analysis indicated a further downregulation of IL1B-associated genes. Overall, the present findings showed compartmentalized expressions of IL-1B and IL-18 and provided the first evidence of their imbalance in patients with Sézary syndrome.
Assuntos
Interleucina-18 , Síndrome de Sézary , Neoplasias Cutâneas , Humanos , Dermatite Esfoliativa/metabolismo , Inflamassomos/metabolismo , Interleucina-18/genética , Interleucina-18/metabolismo , Leucócitos Mononucleares/metabolismo , Síndrome de Sézary/metabolismo , Pele/metabolismo , Neoplasias Cutâneas/metabolismoRESUMO
Contexto: A mastocitose ocorre devido a uma proliferação neoplásica e clonal de mastócitos que se acumulam em um ou mais sistemas de órgãos. A doença é heterogênea, com manifestações que vão desde lesões cutâneas que podem regredir espontaneamente até neoplasias altamente agressivas associadas à falência de múltiplos órgãos e baixa sobrevida. Não há relatos na literatura de sua associação com líquen plano. Descrição do caso: Relatamos o caso de uma paciente com diagnóstico de mastocitose sistêmica agressiva que apresentou durante o acompanhamento quadro compatível com líquen plano. DiscussaÌo: O diagnóstico da mastocitose sistêmica é baseado em critérios que foram refinados recentemente. O tratamento classicamente envolve bloqueio de mediadores de mastócitos e terapia citorredutora para variantes avançadas da doença. Novas drogas como a midostaurina e o avapritinibe são promissoras. Conclusões: Mesmo não fazendo parte da rotina do dermatologista, a mastocitose sistêmica deve ser uma doença lembrada pelo acometimento da pele e potencial gravidade do quadro.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mastocitose , Mastocitose Sistêmica , Mutação com Ganho de Função , Líquen Plano , MastócitosRESUMO
Abstract Cutaneous metastases from solid tumors are uncommon events in clinical practice. Most of the time, the patient already has the diagnosis of a malignant neoplasm when the cutaneous metastasis is detected. However, in up to one-third of cases, cutaneous metastasis is identified before the primary tumor. Therefore, its identification may be essential for starting treatment, although it is usually indicative of poor prognosis. The diagnosis will depend on clinical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical analysis. Sometimes the identification of the primary site is difficult; however, a thorough analysis using imaging tests and constant surveillance is important.
RESUMO
ABSTRACT: Epstein-Barr virus-positive mucocutaneous ulcer is a recent and unusual type of lymphoproliferation, mostly associated with various forms of immunosuppression. In most cases, they regress spontaneously, but an increasing number of reports describe a spectral behavior of the lesion, which ranges from a simple ulcer with eosinophilia to aggressive ulcers. In these cases, Epstein-Barr virus-related lymphomas are the main differential diagnosis. We report a unique observation of this rare disease with mandibular involvement. Due to bone erosion, the patient was treated with 6 cycles of R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) with complete healing of the ulcer on clinical examination and PET-scan control.