RESUMO
The dwarf pequi tree, Caryocar brasiliense subsp. intermedium, is extremely restricted to ecological niches in the Cerrado biome. Thus, understanding the conditioning factors of the micro-endemism of this sub-species through its spatial distribution and the physical-chemical attributes of the soil was the objective of this research. The research was carried out in a fragment of rupestrian field. The area was divided into quadrants in which the number of pequi trees was quantified and the physicochemical characteristics of the soil were determined. The modeling of semivariograms was performed using semivariances, and ordinary kriging was used for spatial interpolation of variables with spatial dependence. The number of pequi trees, the altitude, the remaining phosphorus and the humidity showed a strong degree of spatial dependence, unlike the pH, the calcium and the magnesium, all of which had a pure nugget effect. The other variables showed a moderate degree of spatial dependence. The greater availability of bases (SB > 0.1 cmolc dm-3) and phosphorus (> 1.05 mg dm-3), the reduced percentage of moisture (< 5%) and low potential acidity (< 4.0 cmolc dm-3) were the factors positively related to the establishment and development of the dwarf pequi tree in the area.
Assuntos
Malpighiales , Árvores , Ecossistema , Solo , UmidadeRESUMO
Climatic factors influences the production of active principles of aromatic plants. We evaluated the biomass and essential oil of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). Basil growns mainly by small farmers seeking to sell their leaves, which can be used fresh, dried, as flavorings or seasonings. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 2x2x2 factorial (growing seasons, environments and different kinds of fertilizers). We analyzed plant height, length and width of leaves, fresh and dry weight, yield and essential oil. Comparing the season and environments, the results showed that the plant height were higher in second season. The fertilization did not significantly influence the development and production of essential oils of basil at the two cropping seasons. The cultivation in winter in a protected environment favored crop development, production and essential oil yield.
Os fatores climáticos influenciam na produção de princípios ativos das plantas aromáticas. Neste trabalho, avaliou-se a biomassa e o óleo essencial de Ocimum basilicum L. Essa é uma planta cultivada principalmente por pequenos agricultores que tentam vender suas folhas, que podem ser usadas frescas, secas, como aromatizantes ou em temperos. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2 x 2 x 2 (épocas de cultivo, ambientes e tipos de adubações). Foram analisadas as seguintes variáveis: altura da planta, comprimento e largura de folhas, peso e rendimento de óleo essencial. Comparando-se épocas e ambientes de cultivo, os resultados mostraram que altura das plantas foi maior na segunda época. O tipo de adubação não influenciou significativamente no desenvolvimento e na produção de óleos essenciais de manjericão nas duas épocas de cultivo. Além disso, o cultivo no inverno em ambiente protegido favoreceu o desenvolvimento, a produção e o rendimento de óleo essencial.