RESUMO

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of racial crossing on seminal parameters of eight Santa Inês and crossbred (Santa Inês x Dorper) rams submitted to heat stress, and to monitor the return of these parameters to previously reported. Before to place the insulation bags, two collects of semen through electroejaculation were performed. The insulation pouches were made with double-layer plastic, internally lined with cotton, and fixed around the spermatic funiculus and scrotum with adhesive tape and bandage remaining on the testes of the animals for seven days. The first collect was performed on the day that the pouches were taken (day 0) and thereafter, every seven days, totalizing 15 measurements. Data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA). The analyzed variables were subjected to Dunnett test at 5% probability to compare the values obtained before treatment with those obtained in the following days. In this study it was found that the animals restored normal seminal parameter after the insulation effects, however, the return rate differed slightly among the studied breeds. The crossbred animals restored the seminal patterns, on average, a week before Santa Inês. It is concluded that the racial crossing influences the semen parameters of rams submitted to heat stress.

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito do cruzamento racial sobre parâmetros seminais de oito carneiros Santa Inês e mestiços, submetidos ao estresse térmico e monitorar o retorno desses parâmetros aos relatos anteriormente. Antes de colocar as bolsas de insulação, foram realizadas duas coletas de sêmen por meio de eletroejaculação. As bolsas de insulação foram confeccionadas com plástico de camada dupla, revestidas internamente com algodão, fixadas ao redor do funículo espermático e escroto com fita adesiva e bandagem, permanecendo nos testículos dos animais por sete dias. A primeira coleta foi realizada no dia em que as bolsas foram retiradas (dia 0) e a partir daí, a cada sete dias, totalizando 15 coletas. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância (ANOVA). As variáveis analisadas foram submetidas ao teste de Dunnett a 5% de probabilidade para comparar os valores obtidos antes do tratamento com aqueles obtidos nos dias seguintes. Neste estudo verificou-se que os animais restauraram os parâmetros seminais normais após os efeitos da insulação, porém, a taxa de retorno diferiu ligeiramente entre as raças estudadas. Os animais mestiços restauraram os padrões seminais, em média, uma semana antes da Santa Inês. Conclui-se que o cruzamento racial influencia os parâmetros seminais de carneiros submetidos ao estresse térmico.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Background: The 3D printer came in the 1980s. Since then, its innovation has allowed its use in many areas suchas: engineering, art, industry, education and medicine. The scanning and 3D printing of anatomical components hasgained relevance in recent years due to the advancement in the technology of scanning equipment and 3D printers.Since 3D models are useful in several areas of health, the present study aimed to standardize the three-dimensionalscanning and printing of the coxal bones and the long ones of the pelvic limbs of dogs. The aim was to build a dynamic3D digital collection, as well as generate templates for didactic use, or for use in both prostheses and orthopedicsurgical planning.Materials, Methods & Results: In present study, a 3D macroscopic scanning system, Creaform brand Go! Scan 3D modeland a Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) 3D Printer (Stratasys Mojo Printer) were used. After proper maceration of thebones under study, these were scanned, edited, printed and washed. Replicas of the coxal and left femur, tibia and fibulabones were obtained, as well as generating digital files that can be converted into PDFs.Discussion: From the models scanned in 3D, a dynamic digital collection was built for anatomical study, which can beused to complement practical classes. The creation of a collection of anatomical pieces printed in 3D can reduce the useof cadavers in class. The printed material can also be used as a template for orthopedic surgical planning or serve as abasis for the manufacture of prostheses, contributing to the improvement of the surgical and orthopedic clinic. 3D printing can be successfully used in veterinary medicine through the production of prostheses for injured animals as well asfor surgical planning of orthopedic procedures. The scan allows the generation of a collection for bioprinting, just as thetomography does in medical practice. Such steps are important in the final generation of parts to be used for both...(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Background: The 3D printer came in the 1980s. Since then, its innovation has allowed its use in many areas suchas: engineering, art, industry, education and medicine. The scanning and 3D printing of anatomical components hasgained relevance in recent years due to the advancement in the technology of scanning equipment and 3D printers.Since 3D models are useful in several areas of health, the present study aimed to standardize the three-dimensionalscanning and printing of the coxal bones and the long ones of the pelvic limbs of dogs. The aim was to build a dynamic3D digital collection, as well as generate templates for didactic use, or for use in both prostheses and orthopedicsurgical planning.Materials, Methods & Results: In present study, a 3D macroscopic scanning system, Creaform brand Go! Scan 3D modeland a Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) 3D Printer (Stratasys Mojo Printer) were used. After proper maceration of thebones under study, these were scanned, edited, printed and washed. Replicas of the coxal and left femur, tibia and fibulabones were obtained, as well as generating digital files that can be converted into PDFs.Discussion: From the models scanned in 3D, a dynamic digital collection was built for anatomical study, which can beused to complement practical classes. The creation of a collection of anatomical pieces printed in 3D can reduce the useof cadavers in class. The printed material can also be used as a template for orthopedic surgical planning or serve as abasis for the manufacture of prostheses, contributing to the improvement of the surgical and orthopedic clinic. 3D printing can be successfully used in veterinary medicine through the production of prostheses for injured animals as well asfor surgical planning of orthopedic procedures. The scan allows the generation of a collection for bioprinting, just as thetomography does in medical practice. Such steps are important in the final generation of parts to be used for both...

Assuntos

RESUMO

Current study describes possible alterations of the terminal branches of dogs' abdominal aorta to determine their origin and compare them with other species. Thirty specimens of dogs (race not defined), 20 females and 10 males, varying in age and size, were used. The corpses were retrieved from previous practical classes at the veterinary anatomy laboratory of the Universidade de Sorocaba (UNISO), Sorocaba, Brazil. The dogs' femoral artery was dissected and catheterized by 10% formaldehyde injection and submerged for at least 48 hours in formalin-fixed vats for fixation. All animals were submitted to abdominal cavity access through the abdominal and lateral abdominal wall and later removed from the abdominal viscera to visualize the abdominal aorta and its terminal branches. Most of the animals under analysis presented, right and left external iliac artery, right and left internal iliac artery and a median sacral arteryas terminal branches of the abdominal aorta, whereas 9 dissected specimens showed a common trunk with internal iliac artery and medial sacral artery. Results show that there are variations among mammals with regard to the origins of terminal branches of the abdominal aorta.

Esse estudo teve o objetivo de descrever as possíveis alterações dos ramos terminais da aorta abdominal dos cães determinando a sua origem e comparando com as demais espécies. Foram utilizados 30 exemplares de cães SRD com idade e portes variados, sendo destes 20 fêmeas e 10 machos, todos os cadáveres provenientes de aulas práticas anteriormente ministradas no laboratório de anatomia veterinária da universidade de Sorocaba-UNISO. Os cadáveres tiveram sua artéria femoral dissecada em seguida cateterizada para injeção de formaldeído a 10% e posteriormente foram mantidos submersos por no mínimo 48 horas em cubas com formol para fixação. Todos os animais foram submetidos ao acesso da cavidade abdominal através da retirada da parede abdominal ventral e lateral e posteriormente retirada das vísceras abdominais para visualização da aorta abdominal e seus ramos terminais. A maioria dos animais estudados apresentou como ramos terminais da aorta abdominal, artéria ilíaca externa direita e esquerda, artéria ilíaca interna direita e esquerda e uma artéria sacral mediana, enquanto 9 espécimes dissecados apresentaram um tronco comum onde surgiu a artéria ilíaca interna e artéria sacral mediana, concluindo-se que existem variações das origens dos ramos terminais da aorta abdominal entre os mamíferos.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Current study describes possible alterations of the terminal branches of dogs' abdominal aorta to determine their origin and compare them with other species. Thirty specimens of dogs (race not defined), 20 females and 10 males, varying in age and size, were used. The corpses were retrieved from previous practical classes at the veterinary anatomy laboratory of the Universidade de Sorocaba (UNISO), Sorocaba, Brazil. The dogs' femoral artery was dissected and catheterized by 10% formaldehyde injection and submerged for at least 48 hours in formalin-fixed vats for fixation. All animals were submitted to abdominal cavity access through the abdominal and lateral abdominal wall and later removed from the abdominal viscera to visualize the abdominal aorta and its terminal branches. Most of the animals under analysis presented, right and left external iliac artery, right and left internal iliac artery and a median sacral arteryas terminal branches of the abdominal aorta, whereas 9 dissected specimens showed a common trunk with internal iliac artery and medial sacral artery. Results show that there are variations among mammals with regard to the origins of terminal branches of the abdominal aorta.(AU)

Esse estudo teve o objetivo de descrever as possíveis alterações dos ramos terminais da aorta abdominal dos cães determinando a sua origem e comparando com as demais espécies. Foram utilizados 30 exemplares de cães SRD com idade e portes variados, sendo destes 20 fêmeas e 10 machos, todos os cadáveres provenientes de aulas práticas anteriormente ministradas no laboratório de anatomia veterinária da universidade de Sorocaba-UNISO. Os cadáveres tiveram sua artéria femoral dissecada em seguida cateterizada para injeção de formaldeído a 10% e posteriormente foram mantidos submersos por no mínimo 48 horas em cubas com formol para fixação. Todos os animais foram submetidos ao acesso da cavidade abdominal através da retirada da parede abdominal ventral e lateral e posteriormente retirada das vísceras abdominais para visualização da aorta abdominal e seus ramos terminais. A maioria dos animais estudados apresentou como ramos terminais da aorta abdominal, artéria ilíaca externa direita e esquerda, artéria ilíaca interna direita e esquerda e uma artéria sacral mediana, enquanto 9 espécimes dissecados apresentaram um tronco comum onde surgiu a artéria ilíaca interna e artéria sacral mediana, concluindo-se que existem variações das origens dos ramos terminais da aorta abdominal entre os mamíferos.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to know the embryonic and fetal development of the female rabbit genital system (Oryctolagus cuniculus), describing its main phases and the moment of sexual differentiation. Eleven pregnant New Zealand female rabbits were used in different gestational phases. The day of coitus was determined as day 0. For each stage a minimum of two animals was considered. The samples were obtained every two days from the ninth day post-coitus (dpc) until the 28th dpc. The gestational period was divided in two: animals with undifferentiated sex (group 1) and animals with differentiated sex (group 2). The ages of embryos and fetuses were estimated through the crown-rump method. Subsequently, embryos and fetuses were dissected, fixed and processed to be embedded in paraffin (Histosec). The histological analysis was performed on sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Immunohistochemical analysis to determine sexual differentiation was performed on samples from the 16th, 18th and 28th dpc. Desert Hedgehog (Dhh) and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh) primary antibodies, respectively, were used to identify cells of the male and female germinal epithelium. The immunohistochemical results showed that at the 16th dpc, female sexual differentiation was evident, since positive expression of the Ihh protein was observed. Sexual differentiation was obtained through histological analysis on the 18th dpc and through anatomical observation of the external genitalia on the 24th dpc. Knowing the characteristics of the embryonic and fetal development of the female rabbit genital system as well as the moment of sexual differentiation make it possible to establish bases for future research that address the physiology and pathology of these organs. Thus, any alteration in the chain of events of sexual determination and differentiation must search for an explanation from the knowledge of the possible normal mechanisms affected.

El objetivo de esta investigación fue conocer el desarrollo embrionario y fetal del sistema genital femenino de conejo (Oryctolagus cuniculus), describiendo sus principales fases y el momento de la diferenciación sexual. Se utilizaron 11 conejos hembras gestantes neozelandesas, en diferentes fases gestacionales. El día del coito se determinó como día 0. Para cada etapa fue considerado un mínimos de dos animales. Las muestras fueron obtenidas cada dos días, a partir del noveno día post-coito (dpc) hasta el 28 dpc. El periodo gestacional fue dividido en dos: animales con sexo indiferenciado (grupo 1) y, animales con sexo diferenciado (grupo 2). Las edades de los embriones y los fetos fueron estimadas a través del método de crown-rump. Posteriormente, embriones y fetos fueron disecados, fijados y procesados para su inclusión en parafina (Histosec). El análisis histológico se realizó en secciones teñidas con Hematoxilina y Eosina. El análisis inmunohistoquímico para determinar la diferenciación sexual fue realizado en muestras de 16, 18 y 28 dpc. Para identificar células del epitelio germinativo masculino y feminino se utilizaron los anticuerpos primarios Desert Hedgehog (Dhh) e Indian Hedgehog (Ihh), respectivamente. Los resultados inmunohistoquímicos mostraron que a los 16 dpc se evidenció diferenciación sexual femenina, ya que se observó expresión positiva de la proteína Ihh. La diferenciación sexual, a través del análisis histológico fue obtenida a los 18 dpc y a través de la observación anatómica de los genitales externos a los 24 dpc. Conocer las características del desarrollo embrionario y fetal del sistema genital femenino de conejo, así como, el momento de la diferenciación sexual, permiten sentar bases para futuras investigaciones que aborden la fisiología y patología de estos órganos. Así, cualquier alteración en la cadena de eventos de la determinación y diferenciación sexual deberá buscar una explicación a partir del conocimiento de los posibles mecanismos normales afectados.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The study aimed at evaluating the testicular structure and spermatogenesis of Santa Inês and Santa Inês and Dorper crossbred sheep. Sixteen testicles of the animals under study were used, in order to evaluate the volumetric proportion, the diameter of the tubules, the height of seminiferous epithelium, the frequency of stages of the seminiferous epithelium cycle and the spermatogenic yield. The data were submitted to Student-Newman-Keulstestat 5% significance. The tubular diameter was 173.12 ± 29.09 μm and 185.71 ± 29.7 μm, and the height of the seminiferous epithelium was 52.29 ± 9.98μm and 56.68 ± 11.25 μ m, for the crossbred and the Santa Inês, respectively. There was no difference between the testicular compartments and the frequency of the stages of the seminiferous epithelium cycle between the groups. Santa Inês sheep presented a number of 15.36 ± 4.49 spermatocytes in the pre-leptotene/leptotene stage and 27.42 ± 6.65 spermatocytes in the pachytene, whereas the crossbred presented 13.18 ± 5.19 and 23.48 ± 7.80, respectively. The crossbred showed higher meiotic yield (3.98 ± 1.28) and spermatogenesis yield (3.71 ± 1.02). It is concluded there are differences in testicular morphology and spermatogenesis between Santa Inês sheep and crossbred Dorper/Santa Inês, indicating that the crossbreeding between the Santa Inês and Dorper animals allows a gain in the reproductive potential.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The study aimed at evaluating the testicular structure and spermatogenesis of Santa Inês and Santa Inês and Dorper crossbred sheep. Sixteen testicles of the animals under study were used, in order to evaluate the volumetric proportion, the diameter of the tubules, the height of seminiferous epithelium, the frequency of stages of the seminiferous epithelium cycle and the spermatogenic yield. The data were submitted to Student-Newman-Keulstestat 5% significance. The tubular diameter was 173.12 ± 29.09 μm and 185.71 ± 29.7 μm, and the height of the seminiferous epithelium was 52.29 ± 9.98μm and 56.68 ± 11.25 μ m, for the crossbred and the Santa Inês, respectively. There was no difference between the testicular compartments and the frequency of the stages of the seminiferous epithelium cycle between the groups. Santa Inês sheep presented a number of 15.36 ± 4.49 spermatocytes in the pre-leptotene/leptotene stage and 27.42 ± 6.65 spermatocytes in the pachytene, whereas the crossbred presented 13.18 ± 5.19 and 23.48 ± 7.80, respectively. The crossbred showed higher meiotic yield (3.98 ± 1.28) and spermatogenesis yield (3.71 ± 1.02). It is concluded there are differences in testicular morphology and spermatogenesis between Santa Inês sheep and crossbred Dorper/Santa Inês, indicating that the crossbreeding between the Santa Inês and Dorper animals allows a gain in the reproductive potential.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Current study describes possible alterations of the terminal branches of dogs ́ abdominal aorta to determine their origin and compare them with other species. Thirty specimens of dogs (race not defined), 20 females and 10 males, varying in age and size, were used. The corpses were retrieved from previous practical classes at the veterinary anatomy laboratory of the Universidade de Sorocaba(UNISO), Sorocaba, Brazil. The dogs ́ femoral artery was dissected and catheterized by 10% formaldehyde injection and submerged for at least 48 hours in formalin-fixed vats for fixation. All animals were submitted to abdominal cavity access through the abdominal and lateral abdominal wall and later removed from the abdominal viscera to visualize the abdominal aorta and its terminal branches. Most of the animals under analysis presented, right and left external iliac artery, right and left internal iliac artery and a median sacral arteryas terminal branches of the abdominal aorta, whereas 9 dissected specimens showed a common trunk with internal iliac artery and medial sacral artery. Results show that there are variations among mammals with regard to the origins of terminal branches of the abdominal aorta.(AU)

Esse estudo teve o objetivo de descrever as possíveis alterações dos ramos terminais da aorta abdominal dos cães determinando a sua origem e comparando com as demais espécies. Foram utilizados 30 exemplares de cães SRD com idade e portes variados, sendo destes 20 fêmeas e 10 machos, todos os cadáveres provenientes de aulas práticas anteriormente ministradas no laboratório de anatomia veterinária da universidade de Sorocaba-UNISO. Os cadáveres tiveram sua artéria femoral dissecada em seguida cateterizada para injeção de formaldeído a 10% e posteriormente foram mantidos submersos por no mínimo 48 horas em cubas com formol para fixação. Todos os animais foram submetidos ao acesso da cavidade abdominal através da retirada da parede abdominal ventral e lateral e posteriormente retirada das vísceras abdominais para visualização da aorta abdominal e seus ramos terminais. A maioria dos animais estudados apresentou como ramos terminais da aorta abdominal, artéria ilíaca externa direita e esquerda, artéria ilíaca interna direita e esquerda e uma artéria sacral mediana, enquanto 9 espécimes dissecados apresentaram um tronco comum onde surgiu a artéria ilíaca interna e artéria sacral mediana, concluindo-se que existem variações das origens dos ramos terminais da aorta abdominal entre os mamíferos.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Current study describes possible alterations of the terminal branches of dogs ́ abdominal aorta to determine their origin and compare them with other species. Thirty specimens of dogs (race not defined), 20 females and 10 males, varying in age and size, were used. The corpses were retrieved from previous practical classes at the veterinary anatomy laboratory of the Universidade de Sorocaba(UNISO), Sorocaba, Brazil. The dogs ́ femoral artery was dissected and catheterized by 10% formaldehyde injection and submerged for at least 48 hours in formalin-fixed vats for fixation. All animals were submitted to abdominal cavity access through the abdominal and lateral abdominal wall and later removed from the abdominal viscera to visualize the abdominal aorta and its terminal branches. Most of the animals under analysis presented, right and left external iliac artery, right and left internal iliac artery and a median sacral arteryas terminal branches of the abdominal aorta, whereas 9 dissected specimens showed a common trunk with internal iliac artery and medial sacral artery. Results show that there are variations among mammals with regard to the origins of terminal branches of the abdominal aorta.

Esse estudo teve o objetivo de descrever as possíveis alterações dos ramos terminais da aorta abdominal dos cães determinando a sua origem e comparando com as demais espécies. Foram utilizados 30 exemplares de cães SRD com idade e portes variados, sendo destes 20 fêmeas e 10 machos, todos os cadáveres provenientes de aulas práticas anteriormente ministradas no laboratório de anatomia veterinária da universidade de Sorocaba-UNISO. Os cadáveres tiveram sua artéria femoral dissecada em seguida cateterizada para injeção de formaldeído a 10% e posteriormente foram mantidos submersos por no mínimo 48 horas em cubas com formol para fixação. Todos os animais foram submetidos ao acesso da cavidade abdominal através da retirada da parede abdominal ventral e lateral e posteriormente retirada das vísceras abdominais para visualização da aorta abdominal e seus ramos terminais. A maioria dos animais estudados apresentou como ramos terminais da aorta abdominal, artéria ilíaca externa direita e esquerda, artéria ilíaca interna direita e esquerda e uma artéria sacral mediana, enquanto 9 espécimes dissecados apresentaram um tronco comum onde surgiu a artéria ilíaca interna e artéria sacral mediana, concluindo-se que existem variações das origens dos ramos terminais da aorta abdominal entre os mamíferos.

Assuntos