RESUMO
Evaluated the levels of rain tree (Samanea saman) pod meal (RTPM) (0, 10, 15, 20 and 25%) replacing maize in the dry matter of the diet on intake of DM, CP and ME, creatinine and total purine derivatives excretion in urine and microbial protein synthesis in lambs. Twenty-five uncastrated Bergamasca lambs were used, with an initial body weight of 24±5kg and an average age of 120 days. The experimental design was completely randomized, with five treatments and five replications. The trial lasted 84 days and the 24h and spot urine collections were performed in the last day of the experiment. The intake was not affected (P>0.05), the urine volume and daily creatinine excretion were influenced (P<0.05) by RTPM replacing maize, observing increasing linear effect and cubic variation (P<0.05), respectively. The cubic and quadratic components were significant (P<0.05) for the excretion of total purine derivatives, absorbed purines, and microbial synthesis. The cubic variation, with peaks at 5% and 18% replacement for urinary excretion of creatinine and purine derivatives, indicates that the levels used of RTPM affected the renal activity of lambs. Substitution of maize by RTPM up to 10% enhances efficiency of rumen microbial crude protein synthesis.
Avaliaram-se os níveis de farinha de vagem de Samanea saman (0, 10, 15, 20 e 25%) em substituição ao milho na matéria seca da dieta sobre o consumo de MS, PB e EM, a excreção urinária de creatinina e de derivados de purina totais e a síntese de proteína microbiana em cordeiros. Foram utilizados 25 cordeiros Bergamácia, não castrados, peso corporal inicial de 24±5kg e idade média de 120 dias. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente ao acaso, com cinco tratamentos e cinco repetições. O experimento durou 84 dias e as coletas de urina spot e de 24h foram realizadas no último dia do experimento. O consumo não foi afetado (P>0,05), o volume de urina e a excreção diária de creatinina foram influenciados (P<0,05) por S. Saman substituindo o milho, observando-se efeito linear crescente e variação cúbica (P<0,05), respectivamente. Os componentes cúbicos e quadráticos foram significativos (P<0,05) para a excreção de derivados de purina totais, purinas absorvidas e síntese microbiana. A variação cúbica, com picos em 5% e 18% de substituição para a excreção urinária de creatinina e de derivados de purina, indica que os níveis utilizados de S. saman afetaram a atividade renal de cordeiros. Substituição do milho por farelo de vagem de S. saman até 10% aumenta a eficiência de síntese de proteína bruta microbiana.
Assuntos
Animais , Ovinos , Dieta/veterinária , Compostos Fitoquímicos/análise , Fabaceae , Ração Animal , Purinas/urina , Creatinina/urinaRESUMO
Anemia is an inevitable complication of hemodialysis, and the primary cause is erythropoietin deficiency. After diagnosis, treatment begins with an erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA). However, some patients remain anemic even after receiving this medication. This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with resistance to recombinant human erythropoietin therapy with epoetin alfa (αEPO). We performed a prospective, longitudinal study of hemodialysis patients receiving treatment with αEPO at our reference hospital from July 2015 to June 2016. Clinical data was collected, and the response to αEPO treatment was evaluated using the erythropoietin resistance index (ERI). The ERI was defined as the weekly weight-adjusted αEPO dose (U/kg per week)/hemoglobin level (g/dL). A longitudinal linear regression model was fitted with random effects to verify the relationships between clinical and laboratory data and ERI. We enrolled 99 patients (average age, 45.7 (±17.6) years; male, 51.5%; 86.8% with hypertension). The ERI showed a significant positive association with serum ferritin and C-reactive protein, percentage interdialytic weight gain, and continuous usage of angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) hypertension medication. The ERI was negatively associated with serum iron and albumin, age, urea reduction ratio, and body mass index. Our findings indicate that resistance to αEPO was related to a low serum iron reserve, an inflammatory state, poor nutritional status, and continuous usage of ARBs.
Assuntos
Anemia/tratamento farmacológico , Anemia/etiologia , Resistência a Medicamentos/efeitos dos fármacos , Epoetina alfa/uso terapêutico , Hematínicos/uso terapêutico , Diálise Renal/efeitos adversos , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/terapia , Adulto , Índice de Massa Corporal , Eritropoese/efeitos dos fármacos , Eritropoetina/deficiência , Feminino , Hemoglobinas/análise , Humanos , Ferro/sangue , Modelos Lineares , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Valores de Referência , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/complicações , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
In this study, we report an approach to characterize individual BoLA haplotypes using cells from parthenogenetic bovine embryos derived from slaughterhouse ovaries. Eight of the 15 parthenogenetic embryos so obtained had not undergone meiotic recombination on the BoLA region and were suitable to describe BoLA haplotypes. Detailed analysis of the BoLA class IIa region identified seven different class IIa haplotypes, including six not previously described and two new alleles of BoLA-DQA and one BoLA-DQB. Our method provided reliable sources of homozygous DNA to describe BoLA haplotypes.
Assuntos
Bovinos/genética , Genes MHC da Classe II , Haplótipos , Alelos , Animais , Embrião de Mamíferos , PartenogêneseRESUMO
In this study, we sought to investigate the genetic influence of two HLA-G 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) polymorphisms - 14 bp (rs66554220) and +3142C>G (rs1063320) and their compounding haplotypes in susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in a two-region Brazilian study comprising of 539 patients and 489 controls. All subjects were polymerase chain reaction (PCR) genotyped for the referred polymorphisms and logistic regression models controlling for sex, city and age were performed. Homozygozity for the +3142G allele was associated with an increased risk of RA [odds ratio (OR) = 1.45, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.075-1.959, P(Bonf) = 0.030], whereas no association was observed for the 14 bp polymorphism. Haplotype comparisons between patients and controls showed a decreased frequency of the delC haplotype in patients (OR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.521-0.946, P(Bonf) = 0.040), which remained significant in the rheumatoid factor (RF)-positive group (OR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.482-0.900, P(Bonf) = 0.018), but not in the RF-negative group. These results corroborate the hypothesis of an involvement of HLA-G in the susceptibility of RA. The +3142G allele is associated with haplotype lineages that share high identity and are regarded as low producers. The presence of the G allele in homozygosis could be responsible for a low HLA-G expression profile that could favor the triggering of RA.
Assuntos
Regiões 3' não Traduzidas , Alelos , Artrite Reumatoide/genética , Frequência do Gene , Antígenos HLA-G/genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Adulto , Idoso , Brasil , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reação em Cadeia da PolimeraseRESUMO
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder of the connective tissue with a wide and heterogeneous spectrum of manifestations, with renal and neurological involvement usually related to worse prognosis. SLE more frequently affects females of reproductive age, and a high prevalence and renal manifestation seem to be associated with non-European ethnicity. The present study aims to investigate candidate loci to SLE predisposition and evaluate the influence of ethnic ancestry in the disease risk and clinical phenotypic heterogeneity of lupus at onset. Samples represented by 111 patients and 345 controls, originated from the city of Belém, located in the Northern Region of Brazil, were investigated for polymorphisms in HLA-G, HLA-C, SLC11A1, MTHFR, CASP8 and 15 KIR genes, in addition to 89 Amerindian samples genotyped for SLC11A1. We also investigated 48 insertion/deletion ancestry markers to characterize individual African, European and Amerindian ancestry proportions in the samples. Predisposition to SLE was associated with GTGT deletion at the SLC11A1 3'UTR, presence of KIR2DS2 +/KIR2DS5 +/KIR3DS1 + profile, increased number of stimulatory KIR genes, and European and Amerindian ancestries. The ancestry analysis ruled out ethnic differences between controls and patients as the source of the observed associations. Moreover, the African ancestry was associated with renal manifestations.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Transporte de Cátions/genética , Etnicidade/genética , Marcadores Genéticos , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Receptores KIR/genética , Adulto , Idade de Início , Brasil , Cidades , Feminino , Frequência do Gene , Humanos , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/etnologia , Masculino , Receptores KIR3DS1/genéticaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: In this study, we aimed at determining whether human immature dental pulp stem cells (hIDPSC) would be able to contribute to different cell types in mouse blastocysts without damaging them. Also, we analysed whether these blastocysts would progress further into embryogenesis when implanted to the uterus of foster mice, and develop human/mouse chimaera with retention of hIDPSC derivates and their differentiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: hIDPSC and mouse blastocysts were used in this study. Fluorescence staining of hIDPSC and injection into mouse blastocysts, was performed. Histology, immunohistochemistry, fluorescence in situ hybridization and confocal microscopy were carried out. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: hIDPSC showed biological compatibility with the mouse host environment and could survive, proliferate and contribute to the inner cell mass as well as to the trophoblast cell layer after introduction into early mouse embryos (n = 28), which achieved the hatching stage following 24 and 48 h in culture. When transferred to foster mice (n = 5), these blastocysts with hIDPSC (n = 57) yielded embryos (n = 3) and foetuses (n = 6); demonstrating presence of human cells in various organs, such as brain, liver, intestine and hearts, of the human/mouse chimaeras. We verified whether hIDPSC would also be able to differentiate into specific cell types in the mouse environment. Contribution of hIDPSC in at least two types of tissues (muscles and epithelial), was confirmed. We showed that hIDPSC survived, proliferated and differentiated in mouse developing blastocysts and were capable of producing human/mouse chimaeras.
Assuntos
Células-Tronco Adultas/citologia , Polpa Dentária/citologia , Embrião de Mamíferos/citologia , Desenvolvimento Embrionário/fisiologia , Feto/citologia , Quimeras de Transplante/embriologia , Células-Tronco Adultas/transplante , Estruturas Animais/citologia , Estruturas Animais/embriologia , Estruturas Animais/metabolismo , Animais , Blastocisto/citologia , Diferenciação Celular/fisiologia , Cromossomos Humanos Y/química , Transferência Embrionária , Embrião de Mamíferos/embriologia , Células Epiteliais/citologia , Células Epiteliais/metabolismo , Epitélio/embriologia , Epitélio/metabolismo , Feminino , Feto/embriologia , Feto/metabolismo , Humanos , Hibridização in Situ Fluorescente , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos , Células Musculares/citologia , Células Musculares/metabolismo , Músculos/citologia , Músculos/embriologia , Músculos/metabolismo , Quimeras de Transplante/metabolismoRESUMO
The aim of the present study was the development of a multiplex genotyping panel of eight microsatellite markers of Arapaima gigas, previously described. Specific primer pairs were developed, each one of them marked with either FAM-6, HEX or NED. The amplification conditions using the new primers were standardized for a single reaction. The results obtained demonstrate high heterozygosity (average of 0.69) in a Lower Amazon population. The multiplex system described can thus be considered a fast, efficient and inexpensive method for the investigation of genetic variability in Arapaima populations.
Assuntos
Peixes/genética , Variação Genética , Repetições de Microssatélites/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/economia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Alelos , Animais , Brasil , Primers do DNA/química , Marcadores Genéticos , Genótipo , Heterozigoto , Polimorfismo Genético , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
The aim of the present study was the development of a multiplex genotyping panel of eight microsatellite markers of Arapaima gigas, previously described. Specific primer pairs were developed, each one of them marked with either FAM-6, HEX or NED. The amplification conditions using the new primers were standardized for a single reaction. The results obtained demonstrate high heterozygosity (average of 0.69) in a Lower Amazon population. The multiplex system described can thus be considered a fast, efficient and inexpensive method for the investigation of genetic variability in Arapaima populations.
Assuntos
Animais , Variação Genética , Peixes/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/economia , Repetições de Microssatélites/genética , Alelos , Brasil , Primers do DNA , Marcadores Genéticos , Genótipo , Heterozigoto , Polimorfismo Genético , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
UNLABELLED: The mechanism underlying the Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro sedative effect of clonidine, an alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist, remains uncertain. Because activation of alpha2-adrenoceptors induces release of nitric oxide (NO), we tested the hypothesis that the sedative effect of clonidine depends on NO-related mechanisms. The effect of 7-nitro indazole on the sleeping time induced by clonidine was studied in Wistar rats. In addition, we examined the effect of clonidine, alpha-methyldopa, and midazolam on the thiopental-induced sleeping time in rats pretreated with N(G)-nitro-L-arginine-methyl-ester (L-NAME). The sleeping time induced by clonidine was significantly decreased by 7-nitro indazole. Thiopental sleeping time was increased by clonidine, alpha-methyldopa, and midazolam. L-NAME reduced the prolongation effect of clonidine and alpha-methyldopa, but did not alter the effect of midazolam on the thiopental-induced sleeping time. The inhibitory effect of L-NAME on clonidine-dependent prolongation of thiopental-induced sleeping time was reversed by L-arginine. These results suggest that NO-dependent mechanisms are involved in the sedative effect of clonidine. In addition, this effect seems to be specific for the sedative action of alpha2-adrenoceptors agonists. IMPLICATIONS: Clonidine, an antihypertensive drug, is also a sedative. This sedative effect, although an adverse event in the treatment of hypertensive patients, can be helpful for sedation of surgical patients. The mechanism of this effect, however, is unknown. In this study, we show that the sedative effect of clonidine is mediated by nitric oxide, because it could be prevented by pretreatment with nitric oxide synthase inhibitors.
Assuntos
Agonistas alfa-Adrenérgicos/farmacologia , Clonidina/farmacologia , Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Indazóis/farmacologia , NG-Nitroarginina Metil Éster/farmacologia , Óxido Nítrico Sintase/antagonistas & inibidores , Animais , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Interações Medicamentosas , Hipnóticos e Sedativos/farmacologia , Masculino , Metildopa/farmacologia , Midazolam/farmacologia , Óxido Nítrico/fisiologia , Óxido Nítrico Sintase Tipo I , Ratos , Sono/efeitos dos fármacos , Tiopental/farmacologiaRESUMO
To determine the sanitary risk to human health, 59 sera samples of clandestine slaughtered porks were examined through serologic procedures and have demonstrated to have anti-Brucella antibodies and antibodies titles suggestive of brucellosis infection. Surveillance measurements are recommended to prevent potential risk of zoonotic infection.