RESUMO

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a malignant B-cell neoplasm, which comprises monomorphic and small- to medium-sized mantle zone-derived lymphoid cells. It is characterized by chromosomal translocation t(11;14)(q13;q32) and CCND1 truncation, resulting in cell cycle deregulation. It is an aggressive type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma with a propensity to present with extranodal involvement. This study shows the case of an 80-year-old Caucasian male who complained of a 2-month progressive swelling on the right side of his face. The magnetic resonance imaging exam showed multifocal involvement of the head and neck, including oral manifestations, bilateral parotid glands, palate, tongue, and floor of the mouth. An incisional biopsy of the tumor mass was performed. The morphological and immunophenotypic findings were consistent with the diagnosis of MCL. The patient died 4 months later, without any chance of undergoing a therapeutic approach. Although MCL is a rare condition, it should be subjected to a differential diagnosis when affecting the maxillofacial area. Imaging exams and both immunohistochemical and morphological analyses are needed to reach the correct diagnosis. Here, we present an unusual MCL with multifocal involvement of the head and neck.

RESUMO

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a malignant B-cell neoplasm, which comprises monomorphic and small- to medium-sized mantle zone-derived lymphoid cells. It is characterized by chromosomal translocation t(11;14)(q13;q32) and CCND1 truncation, resulting in cell cycle deregulation. It is an aggressive type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma with a propensity to present with extranodal involvement. This study shows the case of an 80-year-old Caucasian male who complained of a 2-month progressive swelling on the right side of his face. The magnetic resonance imaging exam showed multifocal involvement of the head and neck, including oral manifestations, bilateral parotid glands, palate, tongue, and floor of the mouth. An incisional biopsy of the tumor mass was performed. The morphological and immunophenotypic findings were consistent with the diagnosis of MCL. The patient died 4 months later, without any chance of undergoing a therapeutic approach. Although MCL is a rare condition, it should be subjected to a differential diagnosis when affecting the maxillofacial area. Imaging exams and both immunohistochemical and morphological analyses are needed to reach the correct diagnosis. Here, we present an unusual MCL with multifocal involvement of the head and neck.

Assuntos

RESUMO

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of treatment with strontium ranelate (SR) on the repair of bone defects and molecular components of bones in femurs. Adult female rats (n=27) were subjected to ovariectomy (OVX) or Sham surgery. Thirty days after surgery, a defect was made in the femur and the animals were then divided into three groups: OVX, SHAM and OVX+SR. Euthanasia was performed four weeks after the bone defect surgery. Repair in bone defect was assessed by computed microtomography (µCT) and chemical composition of cortical bone was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) of the newly formed bone in the OVX+SR group was significantly higher than that for the OVX group. The collagen maturity in the OVX+SR group was smaller than in the other two groups. In this group, a significant increase in the amount of strontium (Sr) and a decrease in the amount of calcium (Ca) embedded to bone tissue were also observed. Systemic treatment with SR improved microarchitecture of the newly formed bone inside the defect, but decreased cross-linking of mature collagen in cortical bone.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Abstract This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of treatment with strontium ranelate (SR) on the repair of bone defects and molecular components of bones in femurs. Adult female rats (n=27) were subjected to ovariectomy (OVX) or Sham surgery. Thirty days after surgery, a defect was made in the femur and the animals were then divided into three groups: OVX, SHAM and OVX+SR. Euthanasia was performed four weeks after the bone defect surgery. Repair in bone defect was assessed by computed microtomography (μCT) and chemical composition of cortical bone was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) of the newly formed bone in the OVX+SR group was significantly higher than that for the OVX group. The collagen maturity in the OVX+SR group was smaller than in the other two groups. In this group, a significant increase in the amount of strontium (Sr) and a decrease in the amount of calcium (Ca) embedded to bone tissue were also observed. Systemic treatment with SR improved microarchitecture of the newly formed bone inside the defect, but decreased cross-linking of mature collagen in cortical bone.

Resumo Este estudo foi conduzido para avaliar os efeitos do tratamento com ranelato de estrôncio (RE) na reparação de defeitos ósseos e componentes moleculares de ossos nos fêmures. Ratas adultas (n = 27) foram submetidas a ovariectomia (OVX) ou cirurgia Sham. Trinta dias após a cirurgia, um defeito foi feito no fêmur e os animais foram então divididos em três grupos: OVX, SHAM e OVX+RE. A eutanásia foi realizada quatro semanas após a cirurgia de preparo do defeito ósseo. A reparação do defeito ósseo foi avaliada por microtomografia computorizada (μCT) e a composição química do osso cortical foi analisada por espectroscopia de infravermelho de transformada de Fourier (FTIR) e espectroscopia por energia dispersiva de raios X (EDS). A espessura do osso trabecular (Tb.Th) recém formado no grupo OVX+SR foi significativamente maior que a do grupo OVX. A maturidade do colágeno no grupo OVX+SR foi menor do que nos outros dois grupos. Neste grupo, observou-se também um aumento significativo na quantidade de estrôncio (Sr) e uma diminuição na quantidade de cálcio (Ca) no tecido ósseo. O tratamento sistêmico com RE melhorou a microarquitetura do osso recém formado dentro do defeito, mas diminuiu a reticulação do colágeno maduro no osso cortical.

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O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os tipos e as frequências de expansão basilar do seio esfenoidal e septos internos utilizando tomografi a computadorizada de feixe cônico. Imagens arquivadas de 300 indivíduos adultos de ambos os gêneros foram recuperadas. Foi realizada uma análise descritiva relacionando idade e gênero à expansão basilar do seio esfenoidal e a tipos de septos internos e frequências. As associações entre expansão basilar do seio esfenoidal, septos internos e gênero para cada grupo de idade foram avaliadas por meio do teste do qui-quadrado ou teste exato de Fisher. Entre todas as imagens avaliadas, 69% apresentaram expansão basilar do seio esfenoidal, das quais 81% foram consideradas críticas. Septos internos foram observados em 60% das imagens. Não houve relação entre presença de expansão basilar do seio esfenoidal, gênero e idade. Septos internos apresentaram-se independentes do gênero; no entanto, dentre os indivíduos com mais de 40 anos de idade, 36% tinham apenas um septo principal, 6% tinham septos acessórios, e 18% tinham ambos os tipos de septos. A tomografia computadorizada é um método preciso que deve ser considerado para a avaliação desse segmento anatômico a fi m de evitar a exposição desnecessária à radiação.

The objective of this study was to assess the types and frequencies of basilar expansion of the sphenoidal sinus and internal septa by using cone beam computed tomography. Archived images from 300 adult subjects of both genders were retrieved. A descriptive analysis relating age and gender to basilar expansion of the sphenoidal sinus and internal septa types and frequencies was performed. The associations between basilar expansion of the sphenoidal sinus, internal septa and gender for each age group were assessed using the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test. Among all the images evaluated, 69% showed basilar expansion of the sphenoidal sinus, of which 81% were considered critical. Internal septa were observed in 60% of the images. There was no relationship between the presence of basilar expansion of the sphenoidal sinus and gender and age. Internal septa were independent of gender; however, of the subjects older than age 40, 36% had only a main septum, 6% had accessory septa, and 18% had both types of septa. Cone beam computed tomography is an accurate method that should be considered for the evaluation of this anatomic segment in order to avoid unnecessary exposure to radiation.

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RESUMO

PURPOSE: The objective was to assess possible correlations among the anatomy and position of the articular disc, the morphology of the articular eminence and of the condyle, and the presence of joint effusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Magnetic resonance images of 142 joints of symptomatic patients were assessed. The articular disc was classified as normal, elongated, or folded; displacement was classified as normal, anterior with reduction, anterior without reduction, or posterior, lateral, or medial; the condyle was classified as rounded, convex, flattened, or angulated; and the articular eminence was classified as box, sigmoid, flattened, or deformed. RESULTS: The most frequent forms of the articular disc, articular eminence, and condyle were normal, box, and flattened, respectively. Associations were confirmed between the form of the articular disc and its anterior and lateral positions; between the form of the condyle and an anterior position of the disc; and between the form of the articular eminence and the form of the disc. The form of the articular eminence was the only variant that was not associated to the presence of joint effusion. CONCLUSIONS: Magnetic resonance imaging allowed the clear observation of articular structures, without attributing a cause-and-effect relation. The prevalence of changes observed was associated with the diagnosis of internal derangement and was statistically proved.

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RESUMO

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between degenerative bone changes of the head of the mandible and the presence of joint effusion (JE). This study was based on sagittal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reports of 148 temporomandibular joints (TMJs) of 74 patients complaining of pain and/or dysfunction in the TMJ area. The mandible heads were surveyed for osteoarthritis characteristics, which were classified as osteophytosis, sclerosis or erosion. The presence of JE was checked whenever high signal intensity was observed in the articular space. The results evidenced the presence of bone changes in 30% of the sample. Osteophytes and erosions were the changes most commonly observed. JE was reported in 10% of TMJs. The results from the statistical tests revealed that bone changes in the head of the mandible are associated with the presence of JE.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between degenerative bone changes of the head of the mandible and the presence of joint effusion (JE). This study was based on sagittal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reports of 148 temporomandibular joints (TMJs) of 74 patients complaining of pain and/or dysfunction in the TMJ area. The mandible heads were surveyed for osteoarthritis characteristics, which were classified as osteophytosis, sclerosis or erosion. The presence of JE was checked whenever high signal intensity was observed in the articular space. The results evidenced the presence of bone changes in 30% of the sample. Osteophytes and erosions were the changes most commonly observed. JE was reported in 10% of TMJs. The results from the statistical tests revealed that bone changes in the head of the mandible are associated with the presence of JE.

Assuntos

RESUMO

As desordens temporomandibulares são consideradas multifatoriais e pesquisas apresentam relações vinculadas de alterações dos padrões ósseos das estruturas articulares, dos discos articulares e a ocorrência de derrames articulares relevantes na identificação das degenerações internas articulares por meio de imagens de ressonância magnética. O objetivo neste estudo foi avaliar a morfologia e o posicionamento do disco articular, a morfologia da eminência articular, a morfologia da cabeça da mandíbula e a presença de derrame articular, além de suas possíveis correlações. Para isso, foram avaliadas imagens por ressonância magnética de 142 articulações de 71 pacientes sintomáticos. O disco articular foi classificado em normal, alongado e dobrado em sua forma, e normal, deslocamento anterior com redução, deslocamento anterior sem redução, deslocamento posterior, deslocamento lateral e deslocamento medial quanto ao seu deslocamento; a cabeça da mandíbula foi dividida em arredondada, convexa, achatada e angulada; e a eminência articular foi classificada em caixa, sigmoide, aplainada e deformada. Os resultados apontaram que as formas mais frequentes para disco e eminência articulares e cabeça da mandíbula foram, respectivamente, normal, caixa e achatada; o posicionamento do disco articular, tanto anterior quanto lateral apresentou-se predominantemente normal; o derrame articular esteve ausente na maioria das articulações.Em se tratando das correlações, a morfologia da cabeça da mandíbula e morfologia da eminência não guardam relação; a morfologia da cabeça da mandíbula não está associada à morfologia de disco articular nem ao deslocamento lateral do mesmo. Há relação apenas entre a morfologia da cabeça da mandíbula e o deslocamento anterior do disco articular, sendo que os grupos com cabeça da mandíbula convexa e arredondada apresentaram relação relevante com o deslocamento discal com redução; a morfologia da eminência articular não está associada aos posicionamentos anterior e lateral de disco articular. Observou-se relação apenas entre a morfologia da eminência articular e a morfologia do disco articular, sendo que no grupo de eminência articular em formato caixa houve predominância de disco em formato normal; a presença de derrame articular não se mostrou associada à morfologia da eminência articular. Entretanto, foi associada à morfologia do disco articular, com prevalência de discos alongados e dobrados; ao deslocamento anterior do disco articular, com predominância em casos de deslocamento sem redução, ao deslocamento lateral de disco articular, com maior frequência de deslocamento medial; e à morfologia da cabeça da mandíbula, sendo frequente em articulação com cabeça da mandíbula achatada; a morfologia do disco articular mostrou-se associada aos posicionamentos anterior e lateral do mesmo: verificaram-se com maior frequência discos na forma normal (bicôncava) em articulação normal, discos alongados em casos de deslocamento discal com redução e dobrados em casos de deslocamento discal sem redução. Quanto ao posicionamento lateral, o disco articular apresentou-se na forma bicôncava na maioria dos casos.

Temporomandibular disorders are considered to be multifactorial, and some studies present alterations of bony structures and articular disc, added to joint effusion as import features of internal derangements that may be diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging exams. The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphology and location of the articular disc, the morphologies of articular eminence and condyle, and the presence of joint effusion, in addition to possible correlations. Thus, magnetic resonance images from 142 joints of 71 symptomatic patients were evaluated. The articular disc was classified into normal, elongated and folded, relative to its form, and normal, anterior disc displacement with reduction, anterior disc displacement without reduction, posterior displacement, lateral displacement and medial displacement, relative to its location. The condyle was classified into rounded, convex, flattened and angled and the articular eminence, box, sigmoid, plain and deformed. The results showed that the most prevalent morphologies of articular disc, articular eminence and condyle were, respectively, normal, box and flattened. The disc location was predominantly normal, and joint effusion was absent of the major of joints. In the case of the possible correlations, there were no relations between condyle morphology and articular eminence morphology, articular eminence morphology and anterior or lateral location of articular disc, presence joint effusion and articular eminence morphology and condyle morphology, articular disc morphology and lateral location. The condyle morphology was related only to the anterior location of the articular disc: the groups of convex and rounded condyle presented anterior disc displacement with reduction more frequently.

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RESUMO

A artrite psoriática é uma artropatia crônica de etiologia e patogênese não totalmente esclarecidas, que, embora rara, pode acometer a articulação temporomandibular. É definida como psoríase associada com artrite infla-matória, erosiva e crônica, a qual é soronegativa para o fator reumatoide. Objetivo: O objetivo do presente estudo é apresentar uma revisão de literatura sobre as características imaginológicas da artrite psoriática na articulação tempoporomandibular. Revisão da literatura: A artrite psoriática pode se apresentar por diversos padrões de envolvimento articular com graus variados de severidade, seguido um curso desde uma leve sinovite a uma artropatia erosiva progressiva. A elaboração do diagnóstico diferencial pode apresentar variados graus de dificuldade. Assim, uma história detalhada do paciente e exame físico geral são de extrema importância para elaboração do diagnóstico e devem ser considerados quando da avaliação das imagens das le-sões articulares. O uso da tomografia computadorizada no diagnóstico de artrite psoriática deve fazer parte do processo de avaliação. A ressonância magnética, o ultrassom e a cintilografia têm papel importante no diagnóstico precoce da artrite psoriática na articulação temporomandibular e no monitoramento da evolução da doença, podendo indicar, inclusive, a alteração do seu tratamento. Considerações finais: Conclui-se que a artrite psoriática envolvendo a articulação temporomandibular tem como características a dor e a limitação funcional, causando destruição progressiva dos componentes ósseos e dos teciduais articulares, clara-mente indicada em exames imaginológicos. Assim, a ressonância magnética assume papel fundamental no diagnóstico, monitoramento da evolução da doença e na orientação quanto ao seu tratamento.