RESUMO
Glanders is a contagious disease of equids caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia mallei. In Brazil, the disease is considered to be reemerging and has been expanding, with records of equids with positive serology in most of the federative units. However, there are few reports describing the genotypic detection of the agent. This study demonstrated the detection of B. mallei by species-specific PCR directly from tissues or from bacterial cultures, followed by amplicon sequencing in equids (equines, mules, and asinines) with positive serology for glanders in all five geographic regions of Brazil. The molecular evidence of B. mallei infection in serologically positive equids in this study expands the possibility of strain isolation and the conduction of epidemiological characterizations based on molecular information. The microbiological detection of B. mallei in cultures from nasal and palate swabs, even in equids without clinical manifestations, raises the possibility of environmental elimination of the agent.
Assuntos
Burkholderia mallei , Mormo , Animais , Cavalos , Burkholderia mallei/genética , Mormo/diagnóstico , Mormo/epidemiologia , Mormo/microbiologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Técnicas de Amplificação de Ácido NucleicoRESUMO
Herein, we describe the synthesis and characterization of fused pyrroles in cholestane and norcholestane side chains derived from kryptogenin and diosgenin, respectively. Both conventional and microwave heating techniques were used to synthesize the steroidal pyrroles from primary amines, with the microwave method producing the highest yields. In particular, the norcholestane pyrroles were tested as acaricides against the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) under laboratory conditions and as plant growth promoters on habanero pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq) under greenhouse conditions.
Assuntos
Acaricidas , Capsicum , Colestanos , Tetranychidae , Animais , Acaricidas/farmacologia , Pirróis/farmacologia , Capsicum/químicaRESUMO
The synthesis of a series of 26-amino-22-oxocholestanes derived from diosgenin was accomplished via the substitution of an iodine atom at C-26 by primary and secondary amines. The reactions were conducted in refluxing acetonitrile and through microwave-assisted heating. The latter shows significant improvements in terms of reaction times going from hours to a few minutes or even seconds for completion. Only one of the selected amines, 4-aminourazole, did not yield the substitution product and the imine formation pathway was investigated instead, achieving the 26-iminourazole-22-oxocholestane. All the final products have been characterized and the cytotoxic activity of three of them has been evaluated in SiHa, MCF-7 and MDA tumor cell lines by the sulforhodamine B assay.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos , Diosgenina , Aminas , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Micro-OndasRESUMO
Cancer arises from alterations in several metabolic processes affecting proliferation, growth, replication and death of cells. A fundamental challenge in the study of cancer biology is to uncover molecular mechanisms that lead to malignant cellular transformation. Recent genomic analyses revealed that many molecular alterations observed in cancers come from modifications in the splicing process, including mutations in pre-mRNA regulatory sequences, mutations in spliceosome components, and altered ratio of specific splicing regulators. While alterations in splice site preferences might generate alternative isoforms enabling different biological functions, these might also be responsible for nonfunctional isoforms that can eventually cause dysregulation in cellular processes. Molecular characteristics of regulatory sequences and proteins might also be important prognostic tools revealing a cancer-specific splicing pattern and linking splicing control to cancer development. The connection between cancer biology and splicing regulation is of primary importance to understand the mechanisms leading to disease and also to improve development of therapeutic approaches. Splicing modulation is being explored in new anti-cancer therapies and further investigation of targeted splicing factors is critical for the success of these strategies. This article is categorized under: RNA Processing > Splicing Mechanisms RNA-Based Catalysis > RNA Catalysis in Splicing and Translation RNA Processing > Splicing Regulation/Alternative Splicing RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease.
Assuntos
Transformação Celular Neoplásica , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Neoplasias/patologia , Neoplasias/fisiopatologia , Splicing de RNA , Animais , HumanosRESUMO
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Berardinelli-Seip syndrome (BSS) is a recessive autosomal genetic disorder characterized by the near loss of adipose tissue with disturbance in lipid metabolism. METHODS: Biochemical and hormonal parameters and Pro12Ala, Pvull, Avall, Sstl and ADIPOQ polymorphisms in 22 patients with BSS were analyzed and examined for a possible association with lipid profiles. RESULTS: Parental consanguinity, insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus were observed in 63.6, 81.8 and 59.1% of patients, respectively. All individuals presented high triglyceride levels, and 68.1% of patients showed high cholesterol levels. The Pro/Pro genotype of the Pro12Ala polymorphism of the PPARγ2 gene was found in 86.3% of patients; the Ala/Ala variant was not observed in any patient. The PvuII polymorphism of the LPL gene showed a frequency of 50% for the P1P2 variant. The AvaII polymorphism of the LDLR gene showed a similar frequency of 40.9% for both CT and TT variants. The S1S1 genotype of the Sstl polymorphism of the APOC3 gene had a frequency of 86.3%. The CC allele of the ADIPOQ polymorphism of the adiponectin gene was found in 54.6% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: No association was found between lipid parameters and the relevant Pvull, Avall and Sstl polymorphisms. However, we did observe an association of the Pro12Ala and ADIPOQ polymorphisms with higher lipid levels, suggesting a close relationship between these factors.
Assuntos
Adiponectina/genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Lipodistrofia Generalizada Congênita/genética , PPAR gama/genética , Adulto , Brasil , Colesterol/sangue , Feminino , Humanos , Lipodistrofia Generalizada Congênita/sangue , Masculino , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Triglicerídeos/sangue , População BrancaRESUMO
A variabilidade das regiöes heterocromática e eucromática do cromossomo Y humano foi estudada, pelo emprego de uma metodologia da análise quantitativa e através de medidas densitométricas, em 60 negros normais e näo aparentados (30 com sobrenomes de conotaçäo religiosa e 30 sem sobrenome de conotaçäo religiosa) de Salvador, Bahia. Trinta indivíduos caucasóides de origem européia, normais e näo aparentados, de Curitiba, Paraná, constituíram o grupo controle. A regiäo heterocromática e o tamanho total do cromossomo Y foram, em média, maiores nos caucasóides do que nos negros com e sem sobrenomes de conotaçäo religiosa, sendo as médias observadas nestes últimos intermediárias entre as dos caucasóides e dos negros com sobrenome de conotaçäo religiosa. Estes dados estäo de acordo com os de publicaçöes anteriores, que demostram que nos negros com sobrenomes de conotaçäo religiosa há mais ancestrais negros do que naqueles sem sobrenomes de conotaçäo religiosa.