RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: A novel arterial access distally on the radial artery through the anatomical snuffbox has been recently described for coronary interventional procedures. However, there is insufficient data comparing the advantages and limitations of distal transradial access (dTRA), conventional transradial access (TRA), and transfemoral access (TFA). The aim of this study was to compare the three access sites regarding local pain and complications during or after coronary interventional procedures. METHODS: This prospective observational single-center study included 211 patients undergoing cardiac catheterization or percutaneous coronary intervention, divided into three groups: dTRA (n=69), TRA (n=71), and TFA (n=71). The access site was chosen at the discretion of three operators. We administered a questionnaire to all patients, addressing local pain or discomfort during or after the procedure and the occurrence of possible complications such as distal pallor, local bleeding, and purple color on the access site. RESULTS: Pain on the access site during the procedure was reported more frequently in the TRA group (dTRA 15.9% vs. TRA 32.4% vs. TFA 15.5%). There were no differences in the occurrence of local pain after the procedure in all three groups (29.6% in the dTRA group, 28.2% in the TRA group, and 26.8% in the TFA group). Pain intensity, when it occurred, was higher in the dTRA group (dTRA 5.8 vs. TRA 4.8 vs. TFA 4.6 on a 1-10 scale), as was its duration (dTRA 13.7 vs. TRA 7.6 vs. TFA 8.2 days). Only two local bleeding events were reported, both in the TFA group. No major complications were recorded. CONCLUSION: The occurrence of local pain on the puncture site after coronary interventional procedures did not differ among the three groups. The dTRA group presented a lower incidence of pain during the procedure when compared to TRA and a lower incidence of purple color when compared to TFA. However, pain intensity and duration were higher in the dTRA group when pain was reported. Using dTRA for coronary procedures is a feasible and safe strategy in selected cases.
Assuntos
Artéria Radial , Artéria FemoralRESUMO
Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) is currently the standard of care after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Recent studies suggest that reducing DAPT to 1-3 months followed by an aspirin-free single antiplatelet therapy (SAPT) strategy with a potent P2Y12 inhibitor is safe and associated with less bleeding. However, to date, no randomised trial has tested the impact of initiating SAPT immediately after PCI, particularly in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). NEOMINDSET is a multicentre, randomised, open-label trial with a blinded outcome assessment designed to compare SAPT versus DAPT in 3,400 ACS patients undergoing PCI with the latest-generation drug-eluting stents (DES). After successful PCI and up to 4 days following hospital admission, patients are randomised to receive SAPT with a potent P2Y12 inhibitor (ticagrelor or prasugrel) or DAPT (aspirin plus a potent P2Y12 inhibitor) for 12 months. Aspirin is discontinued immediately after randomisation in the SAPT group. The choice between ticagrelor and prasugrel is at the investigator's discretion. The primary hypothesis is that SAPT will be non-inferior to DAPT with respect to the composite endpoint of all-cause mortality, stroke, myocardial infarction or urgent target vessel revascularisation, but superior to DAPT on rates of bleeding defined by Bleeding Academic Research Consortium 2, 3 or 5 criteria. NEOMINDSET is the first study that is specifically designed to test SAPT versus DAPT immediately following PCI with DES in ACS patients. This trial will provide important insights on the efficacy and safety of withdrawing aspirin in the early phase of ACS.
RESUMO
Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) is currently the standard of care after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Recent studies suggest that reducing DAPT to 1-3 months followed by an aspirin-free single antiplatelet therapy (SAPT) strategy with a potent P2Y12 inhibitor is safe and associated with less bleeding. However, to date, no randomised trial has tested the impact of initiating SAPT immediately after PCI, particularly in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). NEOMINDSET is a multicentre, randomised, open-label trial with a blinded outcome assessment designed to compare SAPT versus DAPT in 3,400 ACS patients undergoing PCI with the latest-generation drug-eluting stents (DES). After successful PCI and up to 4 days following hospital admission, patients are randomised to receive SAPT with a potent P2Y12 inhibitor (ticagrelor or prasugrel) or DAPT (aspirin plus a potent P2Y12 inhibitor) for 12 months. Aspirin is discontinued immediately after randomisation in the SAPT group. The choice between ticagrelor and prasugrel is at the investigator's discretion. The primary hypothesis is that SAPT will be non-inferior to DAPT with respect to the composite endpoint of all-cause mortality, stroke, myocardial infarction or urgent target vessel revascularisation, but superior to DAPT on rates of bleeding defined by Bleeding Academic Research Consortium 2, 3 or 5 criteria. NEOMINDSET is the first study that is specifically designed to test SAPT versus DAPT immediately following PCI with DES in ACS patients. This trial will provide important insights on the efficacy and safety of withdrawing aspirin in the early phase of ACS. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04360720).
Assuntos
Síndrome Coronariana Aguda , Stents Farmacológicos , Intervenção Coronária Percutânea , Humanos , Inibidores da Agregação Plaquetária/uso terapêutico , Ticagrelor/uso terapêutico , Síndrome Coronariana Aguda/tratamento farmacológico , Síndrome Coronariana Aguda/cirurgia , Cloridrato de Prasugrel/uso terapêutico , Intervenção Coronária Percutânea/efeitos adversos , Quimioterapia Combinada , Aspirina/uso terapêutico , Hemorragia/induzido quimicamente , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Abstract Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most frequent arrhythmia, and its prevalence increases with age. The management of AF in the elderly is challenging, as it is normally associated with comorbidities and frailty. AF catheter ablation (CA) is a safe and superior alternative to antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs) for the maintenance of sinus rhythm. Objectives To evaluate the rate of complications associated with CA for AF across different age groups. Methods A retrospective analysis of 219 patients who underwent CA for AF between 2016 and 2020 were divided into 3 age groups: less than 60 years, 60 to 70 years, and > 70 years. All the included patients underwent radiofrequency ablation using an electroanatomic mapping system. Categorical variables were evaluated with chi-square and Fisher's test, and continuous variables were evaluated by Kruskal-Wallis and post-hoc Tamhane's T2. P values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Results We found an overall total complication rate of 4.6%. The total complication rate was 3.3% in patients < 60 years of age, 5.7% in patients between 60 and 70 years, and 5.2% in patients > 70 years (p = 0.742). No deaths occurred. Conclusion There was no significant difference in the AF CA-related complications when comparing the patients by age group.
RESUMO
A perfuração de artéria coronária durante intervenção coronária percutânea é um evento incomum (0,43%), porém potencialmente grave e com elevado risco de tamponamento cardíaco e morte. Perfurações graves exigem implante de stent recoberto, muitas vezes indisponível. Descrevemos uma técnica alternativa e simples de tratamento, que pode ser realizada com uso de politetrafluoretileno de um balão amarrado sobre um stent coronário.
A coronary artery perforation during percutaneous coronary intervention is an uncommon (0.43%) but potentially severe event, with high risk of cardiac tamponade and death. Severe perforations require placing a covered stent, which is often unavailable. We describe an alternative and simple treatment technique, which can be performed using polytetrafluoroethylene from a balloon tied over a coronary stent.
RESUMO
Percutaneous procedures through femoral access in patients with inferior vena cava (IVC) filter may be at risk of complications. We evaluated the feasibility and safety of left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) through femoral access in patients previously implanted with IVC filter. We described the WatchmanTM device implantation in two patients with formal contraindication for oral anticoagulation. First patient had a GreenfieldTM filter and the second one an OpteaseTM filter, and in this patient an attempt to withdrawal the filter immediately before the LAAC procedure failed. A femoral approach was performed in both patients using a 14 Fr sheath. Before crossing IVC filters, venographies did not detect any thrombus. All steps of IVC filter crossing were performed under fluoroscopic guidance. No immediate or intrahospital complications related to the procedure occurred. Herein, we presented two cases of successful LAAC closure with Watchman device in patients with two different kinds of IVC filters.
Assuntos
Fibrilação Atrial , Filtros de Veia Cava , Átrios do CoraçãoRESUMO
Introdução. A insuficiência cardíaca (IC) apresenta elevada morbimortalidade, além de exercer grande impacto sobre a qualidade de vida (QV). O Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) é um escore que avalia a QV dos pacientes portadores dessa síndrome, no qual uma maior pontuação reflete uma menor QV. Objetivo. Avaliar a QV dos pacientes com IC após três anos de seguimento em um serviço ambulatorial especializado de um hospital-escola. Métodos. Estudo unicêntrico, descritivo e prospectivo em que se aplicou o MLHFQ, de modo voluntário e sigiloso, a pacientes com IC com fração de ejeção reduzida acompanhados ambulatorialmente na clínica de IC. Foram analisados os resultados dos MLHFQ dos pacientes comparando-se o momento da inclusão no estudo, em 2014, e após o seguimento de três anos, em 2017/18. Resultados. Dos 76 pacientes inicialmente entrevistados, 74 (97,4%) responderam ao questionário e foram incluídos no estudo, em 2014. Após seguimento de três anos, 39,2% (29/74) dos pacientes responderam novamente ao questionário e em 59,8% (45/74) não se pôde aplicar o MLHFQ pela segunda vez (óbitos: 11; perda de acompanhamento no serviço: 21; não localizados: 13). O escore médio obtido pelo MLHFQ foi de 40,3 ± 21 pontos no momento da inclusão e 31,6 ± 23 pontos após três anos de acompanhamento no serviço (p=0,001). Conclusão. Observou-se baixa QV em pacientes com IC incluídos no estudo, havendo melhora significativa após três anos de acompanhamento no serviço especializado. As clínicas de IC podem aumentar expressivamente a QV dos pacientes portadores de IC, proporcionando potencial benefício prognóstico.
Background. Heart failure (HF) presents high morbidity and mortality, besides having great impact on quality of life (QoL). The Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) is a score that assesses the QoL of patients with this syndrome, in which the higher scores indicates lower QoL. Objective. To analyze the QoL of HF patients after three years of follow-up at the specialized outpatient service of a teaching hospital. Methods. Unicentric, descriptive, prospective study that voluntarily and confidentially applied MLHFQ in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction followed at the HF clinic. The results of the patients MLHFQ compared at the time of inclusion in the study in 2014 and after the three-year follow-up in 2017/18 were analyzed. Results. Of 76 interviewed patients, 74 (97.4%) answered the questionnaire and were included in the study in 2014. After three years, 39.2% (29/74) answered the questionnaire again and in 59.8% (45/74) cannot apply MLHFQ a second time (deaths: 11; loss of follow-up at the service: 21; not found: 13). The mean score reached by the MLHFQ was 40.3 ± 21 points after inclusion and 31.6 ± 23 points after three years of follow-up at the service (p=0.001). Conclusion. We observed low QoL in the patients with HF included on this study, providing improvement of QoL after three years of follow-up at the specialized service. The HF clinics may significantly increase the QoL of HF patients, providing potential prognostic benefit.
Introducción. La insuficiencia cardíaca (IC) tiene una alta morbilidad y mortalidad, además de tener un gran impacto en la calidad de vida (CV). El cuestionario Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) es un score de puntos que evalúa la CV de los pacientes con este síndrome, en la que una puntuación más alta refleja una menor CV. Objetivo. Evaluar la CV de pacientes con IC tras tres años de seguimiento en un servicio ambulatorio especializado de un hospital universitario. Métodos. Estudio unicéntrico, descriptivo y prospectivo en el que se aplicó el MLHFQ, de forma voluntaria y confidencial, a pacientes con IC con fracción de eyección reducida seguidos de forma ambulatoria en la clínica de IC. Los resultados del MLHFQ de los pacientes se analizaron comparando el tiempo de inclusión en el estudio, en 2014, y después de los tres años de seguimiento, en 2017/18. Resultados. De los 76 pacientes entrevistados inicialmente, 74 (97,4%) respondieron el cuestionario y fueron incluidos en el estudio en 2014. Después de un seguimiento de tres años, el 39,2% (29/74) de los pacientes respondieron el cuestionario nuevamente y en el 59,8% (45/74) no se pudo aplicar el MLHFQ por segunda vez (muertes: 11; pérdida de seguimiento en el servicio: 21; no localizado: 13). La puntuación media obtenida por el MLHFQ fue de 40,3 ± 21 puntos en el momento de la inclusión y de 31,6 ± 23 puntos tras tres años de seguimiento en el servicio (p=0,001). Conclusión. Se observó baja CV en los pacientes con IC incluidos en el estudio, con mejoría significativa a los tres años de seguimiento en el servicio especializado. Las clínicas de IC pueden aumentar significativamente la CV de los pacientes con IC, proporcionando un beneficio pronóstico potencial.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Adulto Jovem , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Miocardite/diagnóstico por imagem , Choque Cardiogênico/complicações , Fatores de Tempo , Radiografia Torácica , Doença Aguda , Morte Súbita Cardíaca , Evolução Fatal , Eletrocardiografia , Miocardite/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Atrial fibrillation (AFib) ablation is alternative treatment to drugs. Literature suggests that use of contact force (CF) catheter with higher power for short periods is effective and safe. METHODS/RESULTS: Retrospectively analyzed 76 patients undergoing the first ablation. Third five patients-group A: 27 (77%) paroxysmal AFib (PAFib) and 8 (23%) persistent AFib (PersAFib) who underwent ablation at the power of 30 W-17 mL/minute flow with a CF of 10-30 g for 30 seconds. Fourty one patients-group B: 28 (68.3%) PAFib and 13 (31.70%) PersAFib underwent ablation using 45 W on posterior wall with CF of 8/15 g, as well as 50-W anterior wall with CF of 10/20 g-35 mL/minute flow for 6 seconds. Pulmonary vein isolation in both groups and ablated. For patients not in the sinus, we performed cardioversion before ablation. No complications. Group A: Left atrial time 110 ± 29 minutes, total 148 ± 33.6 minutes, radiofrequency time (RF) 4558 ± 1998 seconds, X-ray 8.5 ± 3.5 minutes, and elevation of esophageal temperature (ET) in 26 (74.3%). group B: Left atrial time 70.7 ± 18.5 minutes ( P < .00001), total 106 ± 23 minutes ( P < .00001), RF 1909 ± 675.8 seconds ( P < .00001), X-ray 8.8 ± 6.6 minutes ( P = .221) and elevation of ET in 21 (51.20% - P = .0578). In 6 and 12 months follow-up, we had 9 (25.71%) and 11 (31.42%) recurrences in group A and 5 (12.19%) and 7 (17.07%) in group B ( P = .231 at 6 and P = .14 at 12 months), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: HPSD was safe, useful, and efficient compared with CT, and reduced procedural time and total RF time. HPSD may reduce esophageal injury because of lower heating rate and it may reduce the recurrence of atrial tachyarrythmias.