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OBJECTIVES: We investigated access to dental services and associated factors in a community of Quilombola older people. BACKGROUND: Quilombola populations are groups of individuals descended from black Africans subjected to slavery during part of Brazilian history. As marginalised and neglected individuals, they have high rates of negative indicators and require further attention to the social determinants that affect their health reality. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted in the Quilombola community of Castainho, in the Northeast region of Brazil. In this community, 34 older people aged between 65 and 74 resided. We collected self-report data on sociodemographic and economic characteristics, along with oral examinations by the researchers. The primary dependent variable was regular access to dental services. Statistical analysis used Fisher's exact test (P = .05). RESULTS: Among the 32 participants in the final sample, 18.8% (n = 6) reported accessing dental services in the previous 6 months. Self-declared individuals of mixed race, with positive self-assessment of oral health, and those who did not self-perceive the need for treatment had lower rates of regular access to dental services (P < .05). CONCLUSION: Use of dental services by older Quilombola people is low, and there are differences by ethnicity and individual perception of oral health.

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The aim of this study was to analyze professional training in multiprofessional health residency programs (MHRPs) in primary care from the perspective of residents from 20 programs who had completed residency in the period 2015-2019. We undertook a cross-sectional study analyzing criteria in the dimensions Pedagogical Approach and In-Service Education Settings responded using a 10-point Likert scale. The study sample consisted of 365 graduates from MHRPs in 12 Brazilian states. The highest-scoring criteria in the dimension Pedagogical Approach (Cronbach's α=0.94) were broad concept of care and professional training oriented towards comprehensive care (P50=10). The lowest scoring criteria were those involving preceptorship (P50=7). With regard to the In-Service Education Settings dimension (Cronbach's α=0.90), the main strength was group educational activities (P50=9) and the main weaknesses were adequacy of the physical structure of health facilities (P50=6), participation of residents in local health committees (P50=6), and coordination with medical residency programs (P50=5). The findings show that professional training in MHRPs is aligned with the principles and guidelines underpinning Brazil's public health system, with emphasis on comprehensiveness and prevention. However, efforts are needed to improve preceptor training and address weaknesses in practice settings.

Objetivou-se analisar a formação em Programas de Residência Multiprofissional em Atenção Básica (PRMAB) no Brasil a partir dos egressos de 20 Programas no período de 2015 a 2019. Trata-se de um estudo transversal que analisou as dimensões Abordagem Pedagógica (AP) e Cenários de Educação em Serviço (CES) com escala do tipo Likert. Participaram do estudo 365 egressos de programas instalados em 12 estados da federação. Na dimensão AP (α de Cronbach=0,94) destacaram-se os critérios sobre a concepção ampliada do cuidado e formação pautada em cuidado integral (P50=10), enquanto os com pior desempenho se relacionavam à preceptoria (P50=7). Quanto aos CES (α de Cronbach=0,90), foram reveladas potencialidades para as atividades educativas em grupo (P50=9) e fragilidades para critérios relativos à suficiência de espaço físico nas unidades de saúde (P50=6), participação dos residentes em Conselhos (P50=6) e articulação com Programas de Residência Médica (P50=5). A formação nos PRMAB mostra-se sintonizada com os atuais paradigmas da atenção à saúde, com ênfase na integralidade e prevenção. Contudo, os Programas carecem de investimento na formação de preceptores e melhoria de fragilidades no âmbito dos cenários de prática.

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Resumo Objetivou-se analisar a formação em Programas de Residência Multiprofissional em Atenção Básica (PRMAB) no Brasil a partir dos egressos de 20 Programas no período de 2015 a 2019. Trata-se de um estudo transversal que analisou as dimensões Abordagem Pedagógica (AP) e Cenários de Educação em Serviço (CES) com escala do tipo Likert. Participaram do estudo 365 egressos de programas instalados em 12 estados da federação. Na dimensão AP (α de Cronbach=0,94) destacaram-se os critérios sobre a concepção ampliada do cuidado e formação pautada em cuidado integral (P50=10), enquanto os com pior desempenho se relacionavam à preceptoria (P50=7). Quanto aos CES (α de Cronbach=0,90), foram reveladas potencialidades para as atividades educativas em grupo (P50=9) e fragilidades para critérios relativos à suficiência de espaço físico nas unidades de saúde (P50=6), participação dos residentes em Conselhos (P50=6) e articulação com Programas de Residência Médica (P50=5). A formação nos PRMAB mostra-se sintonizada com os atuais paradigmas da atenção à saúde, com ênfase na integralidade e prevenção. Contudo, os Programas carecem de investimento na formação de preceptores e melhoria de fragilidades no âmbito dos cenários de prática.

Abstract The aim of this study was to analyze professional training in multiprofessional health residency programs (MHRPs) in primary care from the perspective of residents from 20 programs who had completed residency in the period 2015-2019. We undertook a cross-sectional study analyzing criteria in the dimensions Pedagogical Approach and In-Service Education Settings responded using a 10-point Likert scale. The study sample consisted of 365 graduates from MHRPs in 12 Brazilian states. The highest-scoring criteria in the dimension Pedagogical Approach (Cronbach's α=0.94) were broad concept of care and professional training oriented towards comprehensive care (P50=10). The lowest scoring criteria were those involving preceptorship (P50=7). With regard to the In-Service Education Settings dimension (Cronbach's α=0.90), the main strength was group educational activities (P50=9) and the main weaknesses were adequacy of the physical structure of health facilities (P50=6), participation of residents in local health committees (P50=6), and coordination with medical residency programs (P50=5). The findings show that professional training in MHRPs is aligned with the principles and guidelines underpinning Brazil's public health system, with emphasis on comprehensiveness and prevention. However, efforts are needed to improve preceptor training and address weaknesses in practice settings.

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OBJECTIVE: to investigate the impact of the severity of microcephaly caused by the Zika virus (MCZ) on tooth eruption and orofacial structures of children. DESIGN: This case series study developed the research at the Mens Sana Rehabilitation Center, Arcoverde, Brazil. The study included 27 children diagnosed with MCZ. We performed the data collection in June 2018 through a questionnaire answered by the legal guardians, followed by a clinical examination of the children. The data were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney and Fisher's exact tests (p = 0.05). RESULTS: The final sample was composed of 20 children. Of these, 13 (35.0%) had severe microcephaly, 5 (30.0%) had altered sequence of tooth eruption, 10 (50.0%) had delayed eruption, and the mean number of decayed teeth was 2.3. The most identified orofacial changes were teeth grinding habit (65.0%), difficult chewing (50.0%), and non-nutritive sucking (50.0%). The Mann-Whitney test showed that the severity of microcephaly did not affect tooth eruption (p = 0.581). The Fisher's exact test showed that the severity of microcephaly was not associated with orofacial changes (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The severity of MCZ does not seem to influence changes in deciduous tooth eruption and the presence of orofacial anomalies.

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[RESUMO]. Objetivo. Delinear o panorama atual acerca dos agravos de saúde bucal da população quilombola no Brasil. Métodos. Uma busca foi realizada nas bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct e SciELO, além de busca manual no Google Scholar, sem restrições de período. Foram incluídos artigos publicados em inglês, português ou espanhol descrevendo pesquisas realizadas no Brasil sobre saúde bucal em indivíduos que se autodeclararam quilombolas de comunidades reconhecidas pelo poder público. Analisou-se ainda a qualidade da evidência nos estudos incluídos. Resultados. Foram selecionados 14 estudos, todos com desenho transversal e classificados como nível IV de evidência científica (evidência proveniente de estudos descritivos ou estudos com abordagem qualita- tiva), ou seja, qualidade moderada-baixa. Seis estudos foram desenvolvidos na região Nordeste do Brasil e nove foram publicados entre 2016 e 2021. Sobre os agravos de saúde bucal, houve alta frequência de cárie dentária e altos índices de experiência da doença. O edentulismo e a doença periodontal também foram frequentes, afetando indivíduos jovens, adultos e idosos. Conclusão. Foi alta a prevalência de cárie dentária, edentulismo e doenças periodontais descrita na literatura sobre quilombolas no Brasil, demonstrando a necessidade de melhorar a assistência odontológica nesse grupo populacional.

[ABSTRACT]. Objective. To describe the current scenario of oral health in quilombola communities in Brazil. Methods. A search was performed in the Virtual Health Library (VHL), PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, and SciELO, without date limits. Articles published in English, Portuguese, or Spanish were included if they described research performed in Brazil to investigate oral health in individuals self- declared as belonging to officially recognized quilombola communities. The quality of evidence of included studies was analyzed. Results. Fourteen studies were selected for inclusion, all with cross-sectional design and classified as level IV scientific evidence (evidence from descriptive studies or studies with a qualitative approach), i.e., moderate- low quality. Six were developed in the Northeast region of Brazil and nine were published between 2016 and 2021. Regarding oral health problems, a high frequency was detected for dental caries, with high indices of disease experience. Edentulism and periodontal disease were also frequent, affecting youth, adults, and older individuals. Conclusion. A high prevalence of dental caries, edentulism, and periodontal disease was observed, suppor- ting the need to improve dental care in this population group.

[RESUMEN]. Objetivo. Describir el panorama actual de los trastornos de salud bucodental de la población quilombola de Brasil. Métodos. Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos de la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS), PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct y SciELO, además de una búsqueda manual en Google Scholar, sin restricciones del período. Se incluyeron artículos publicados en español, inglés o portugués descriptivos de investigaciones realizadas en Brasil sobre la salud bucodental de personas que se autode- nominan quilombolas pertenecientes a comunidades reconocidas por el poder público. También se analizó la calidad de la evidencia científica de los estudios incluidos. Resultados. Se seleccionaron 14 estudios, todos con un diseño transversal y clasificados en el nivel IV de evidencia científica (evidencia proveniente de estudios descriptivos o estudios con un enfoque cualitativo), es decir, de mediana y baja calidad. Se realizaron seis estudios en la región nordeste de Brasil y se publi- caron nueve en el período 2016-2021. En cuanto a los trastornos de salud bucodental, se observó una alta frecuencia de caries dental y altas tasas de prevalencia de esa enfermedad. El edentulismo y la enfermedad periodontal también fueron frecuentes y afectaron a jóvenes, adultos y personas mayores. Conclusión. Se observó una alta prevalencia de caries dental, edentulismo y enfermedades periodontales descritas en la literatura científica sobre la población quilombola de Brasil, lo que demuestra la necesidad de mejorar la atención dental prestada a ese grupo de la población.

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OBJECTIVE: To verify whether access to information about oral hygiene influenced the practices of caregivers of children with microcephaly caused by Zika virus (ZIKV). METHODS: A case series study was developed at the Mens Sana Rehabilitation Center, in the municipality of Arcoverde, Pernambuco, Brazil. The study universe included the mothers of 32 children with microcephaly caused by Zika virus. Data collection took place in June 2018 and was carried out through a structured questionnaire. The variables studied comprised socioeconomic issues, habits, diet, and knowledge about oral hygiene. Fisher's Exact and Pearson's Chi-square tests were used with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: Out of 32 individuals eligible to participate in the study, only 27 were selected. Most mothers reported receiving information about oral hygiene from their infants (63.0%). Fisher's Exact and Pearson's Chi-square tests showed that access to oral hygiene information was associated with mother's education, family income, regular visits to the dentist, frequency of tooth brushing, age at which the infant started brushing, and brushing time (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Access to information about oral hygiene positively influenced the oral health care of mothers with their children with microcephaly caused by ZIKV.

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Brazil has the most incredible biodiversity globally and has a vast storehouse of molecules to be discovered. However, there are no pharmacological and phytochemical studies on most native plants. Parts of Schinopsis brasiliensis Engler, a tree from the Anacardiaceae family, are used by several traditional communities to treat injuries and health problems. The objective of this scoping review was to summarize the pharmacological information about S. brasiliensis, from ethnobotanical to phytochemical and biological studies. Data collection concerning the geographical distribution of S. brasiliensis specimens was achieved through the Reflora Virtual Herbarium. The study's protocol was drafted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). The search strategy used the keyword "Schinopsis brasiliensis" in the databases: PUBMED, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Science Direct, Web of Science, SciFinder, and SciELO. Rayyan was used for the selection of eligible studies. In total, 35 studies were included in the paper. The most recurrent therapeutic indications were for general pain, flu and inflammation. The bark was the most studied part of the plant. The most used preparation method was decoction and infusion, followed by syrup. Phytochemical investigations indicate the presence of tannins, flavonoids, phenols, and polyphenols. Most of the substances were found in the plant's leaf and bark. Important biological activities were reported, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory. S. brasiliensis is used mainly by communities in the semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil to treat several diseases. Pharmacological and phytochemical studies together provide scientific support for the popular knowledge of the medicinal use of S. brasiliensis. In vitro and in vivo analyses reported antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, cytotoxic, photoprotective, preservative, molluscicidal, larvicidal, and pupicidal effects. It is essential to highlight the need for future studies that elucidate the mechanisms of action of these phytocompounds.

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The scope of this study is to investigate how the training of health professionals has been provided in Multi-professional Primary Health Care Residency Programs in Brazil. A systematic review was conducted on Scielo, BVS and PubMed databases in 2019, under registration number CRD42019134350. The search was carried out using key words related to Multi-Professional Residency Programs and Primary Health Care, including empirical research on the theme with a low-level risk of bias. Of the 700 studies identified, 13 articles were included in this review. All the studies adopted a qualitative approach predominantly performed in São Paulo with a low risk of bias (69%). The main results were categorized as: Contribution of measures for occupational training; Definition of professional training strategies; Potential of Multi-Professional Primary Health Care Residency Programs for health professional training and difficulties experienced during the training process. Professional training on programs studied has provided a new profile of health providers, despite limitations in the training process. Investments in the qualification of the personnel involved in training were perceived as being necessary, since it was one of the main weaknesses reported.

Este estudo tem como objetivo investigar a formação de profissionais de saúde em programas de Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde (RMS) direcionados à atenção básica no Brasil. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática da literatura conduzida nas bases de dados SciELO, BVS e PubMed no ano de 2019, registrada sob número CRD42019134350. A busca ocorreu utilizando descritores relacionados à RMS e à atenção básica, sendo incluídas pesquisas empíricas sobre o tema sem alto risco de viés. Dos 700 registros recuperados no processo de busca, 13 artigos foram incluídos na revisão. Todos os estudos apresentaram abordagem qualitativa, predominando estudos realizados no estado de São Paulo e com baixo risco de viés (69%). Os principais resultados foram categorizados em: contribuição de dispositivos para a formação pelo trabalho; estratégias balizadoras da formação; potencialidades da residência para a formação em saúde; e dificuldades experienciadas no processo de formação. A formação nos programas estudados tem proporcionado um novo perfil de profissional de saúde, apesar das limitações vivenciadas no processo. Torna-se necessário investimento na qualificação dos atores envolvidos na formação, uma vez que essa foi uma das principais dificuldades relatadas.

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Resumo Este estudo tem como objetivo investigar a formação de profissionais de saúde em programas de Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde (RMS) direcionados à atenção básica no Brasil. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática da literatura conduzida nas bases de dados SciELO, BVS e PubMed no ano de 2019, registrada sob número CRD42019134350. A busca ocorreu utilizando descritores relacionados à RMS e à atenção básica, sendo incluídas pesquisas empíricas sobre o tema sem alto risco de viés. Dos 700 registros recuperados no processo de busca, 13 artigos foram incluídos na revisão. Todos os estudos apresentaram abordagem qualitativa, predominando estudos realizados no estado de São Paulo e com baixo risco de viés (69%). Os principais resultados foram categorizados em: contribuição de dispositivos para a formação pelo trabalho; estratégias balizadoras da formação; potencialidades da residência para a formação em saúde; e dificuldades experienciadas no processo de formação. A formação nos programas estudados tem proporcionado um novo perfil de profissional de saúde, apesar das limitações vivenciadas no processo. Torna-se necessário investimento na qualificação dos atores envolvidos na formação, uma vez que essa foi uma das principais dificuldades relatadas.

Abstract The scope of this study is to investigate how the training of health professionals has been provided in Multi-professional Primary Health Care Residency Programs in Brazil. A systematic review was conducted on Scielo, BVS and PubMed databases in 2019, under registration number CRD42019134350. The search was carried out using key words related to Multi-Professional Residency Programs and Primary Health Care, including empirical research on the theme with a low-level risk of bias. Of the 700 studies identified, 13 articles were included in this review. All the studies adopted a qualitative approach predominantly performed in São Paulo with a low risk of bias (69%). The main results were categorized as: Contribution of measures for occupational training; Definition of professional training strategies; Potential of Multi-Professional Primary Health Care Residency Programs for health professional training and difficulties experienced during the training process. Professional training on programs studied has provided a new profile of health providers, despite limitations in the training process. Investments in the qualification of the personnel involved in training were perceived as being necessary, since it was one of the main weaknesses reported.

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