RESUMO
UNLABELLED: Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder that primarily affects the intestines, resulting in breakage of the intestinal barrier, pathological inflammation and nutritional disorders that encompass from trace elements deficiency to severe malnutrition. Nutritional interventions either alone or associated to drug therapy may be effective to achieve and maintain inflammation remission. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate usual food intake as quantitative and qualitatively, in CD patients; and describe the effect of a supplement containing whey proteins and TGF- on their body composition. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Dietary intake was assessed considering 42 consecutive patients, followed in a tertiary center, and by using the 3-day food recall and food intake frequency questionnaire. Body composition was assessed previously and 8 weeks after supplementation with a diet containing whey proteins and TGF-ß (N = 22). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Considering carbohydrates and lipids, most patients had adequate dietary intake according recommendations. Protein, saturated fat, B12 vitamin and zinc intakes were higher than the recommended values. The dietary fiber, A, D, C and E vitamins, calcium, iron, folate, potassium and sodium intakes did not reach the recommended requirements in most patients. Patients supplemented with the whey protein and TGF-ß dietary presented a positive increment in their lean body mass, when compared to non-supplemented group. CONCLUSION: CD patients require nutritional orientation. Whey protein intake resulted in significant differences, such as improvement in Lean Body Mass and reduction in Fat percentage.
Assuntos
Doença de Crohn/dietoterapia , Suplementos Nutricionais , Proteínas do Leite/uso terapêutico , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/uso terapêutico , Tecido Adiposo/fisiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Composição Corporal/fisiologia , Dieta , Ingestão de Alimentos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Avaliação Nutricional , Política Nutricional , Proteínas do Soro do Leite , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The effect of the administration of a whey protein isolate (WPI) and collagen hydrolysates on ethanol-induced ulcerative lesions was studied in rats. WPI and bovine or porcine collagen hydrolysate (BCH and PCH, respectively) were given to rats by gavage. In acute experiments, (single-dose) physiological saline (10 mL/kg of body weight) was used as the negative control, and carbenoxolone (200 mg/kg of body weight) was used as a positive control. Ethanol (1 mL per 250-g rat) was also given by gavage. These treatments reduced the ulcerative lesion index (ULI) in a range of 40-77%, depending on the dosage. Some mixtures of WPI with either PCH or BCH provided results that suggested synergisms between WPI and the collagen hydrolysates. For example, WPI/BCH (in the proportion of 375:375 mg/kg of body weight) decreased ULI by 64%. The mechanism for mucosal protection involved a decrease in plasma gastrin (approximately 40%), a significant increase (50-267%) in mucus production, and a reduction in ULI (percentage) when intragastric administrations were performed after in vivo alkylation by N-ethylmaleimide. Results suggest that gastrin, sulfhydryl substances, and some mechanisms related to mucus production are all involved in gastric ulcer protection against ethanol. The collagen hydrolysates (both PCH and BCH) presented a stronger effect on mucus production; on the other hand, the effect of WPI was also dependent on sulfhydryl compounds, resulting in a more protective effect when the two proteins were administered together.
Assuntos
Antiulcerosos/uso terapêutico , Colágeno/uso terapêutico , Mucosa Gástrica/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas do Leite/uso terapêutico , Úlcera Gástrica/tratamento farmacológico , Estômago/efeitos dos fármacos , Alquilação , Animais , Antiulcerosos/farmacologia , Carbenoxolona/uso terapêutico , Bovinos , Colágeno/metabolismo , Colágeno/farmacologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Sinergismo Farmacológico , Quimioterapia Combinada , Etanol , Etilmaleimida/metabolismo , Mucosa Gástrica/patologia , Gastrinas/sangue , Hidrólise , Masculino , Proteínas do Leite/farmacologia , Muco/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Estômago/patologia , Úlcera Gástrica/metabolismo , Úlcera Gástrica/patologia , Compostos de Sulfidrila/metabolismo , Suínos , Proteínas do Soro do LeiteRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Porcine skin gelatine presented anti-tumoral effect on murine hepatoma cells (MH134), inducing programmed cell death (apoptosis). Whey proteins (mainly lactoferrin) have been investigated for cancer prevention and treatment. OBJECTIVE: Investigation of the inhibitory capacity on melanoma cells (B16F10) proliferation and the influence on % distribution of cell cycle phases, in the presence of various concentrations of whey protein isolate (WPI), bovine collagen hydrolysate (BCH) or its fractions. METHODS: The permeate fraction BCH-P1 (molecular mass, MM 2.5kDa) was further fractionated into five retentate fractions (R1-R5) by ultrafiltration membranes and into four fractions (F1-F4) by reverse phase chromatography. The permeate BCH-P1 and all its fractions were comparatively tested against a negative control (B16F10 cells+culture medium), and also against a positive control (B16F10+culture medium+WPI). RESULTS: The inhibitory concentrations for 50% of B16F10 cells (IC(50)) ranged from 0.19 to 156.9 mg/mL for all these proteins evaluated. The most inhibitory fractions of the BCH hydrolysate were BCH-P1 and F1-F4 with IC(50) concentrations below 1mg/mL. Changes in cell cycle phases were characterized by a general decrease in the G2/M phase that emphasizes growth arrest, some increase in phase S (BCH-P1 and F4) but a strong increase in G0/G1 phase for BCH-P1 and F4. Caspase-3 expression increased significantly in all media containing F and R fractions, and also in the presence of BCH or WPI. Apoptosis was extremely high at low concentration (400 microg/mL) of the F1-F3 fractions. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that a mechanism for tumorigenesis inhibition may involve the caspases cascade and apoptosis.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Colágeno/farmacologia , Gelatina/farmacologia , Melanoma/metabolismo , Proteínas do Leite/farmacologia , Hidrolisados de Proteína/farmacologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/metabolismo , Animais , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Apoptose/fisiologia , Caspase 3/metabolismo , Bovinos , Adesão Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Adesão Celular/fisiologia , Ciclo Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Ciclo Celular/fisiologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Sobrevivência Celular/fisiologia , Concentração Inibidora 50 , Camundongos , Suínos , Proteínas do Soro do LeiteRESUMO
The protective effect of beef and pig collagen hydrolysates and their fractions were tested as anti-ulcerogenic agents in rats (weighing 250-350 g) against ulcerative lesions caused by ethanol. Beef and pig collagen hydrolysates were fractionated by ultrafiltration into different molecular weight fractions. The protocol employed a negative and a positive control and a single dose of the experimental samples given by intragastric intubation. The beef collagen did not present a dose-response correlation in the ethanol model, whereas pig collagen showed a logarithmic dose-response relationship. Beef collagen hydrolysate decreased the ulcerative lesion index of 55% versus a 61% decrease for pig collagen hydrolysate at the same dosage (750 mg/kg of body weight). No significant differences were found (P > .05) between the hydrolysates and their fractions.
Assuntos
Colágeno/administração & dosagem , Colágeno/química , Etanol/toxicidade , Úlcera Gástrica/prevenção & controle , Animais , Antiulcerosos/administração & dosagem , Carbenoxolona/administração & dosagem , Bovinos , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Hidrólise , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Úlcera Gástrica/induzido quimicamente , Úlcera Gástrica/patologia , SuínosRESUMO
HIV infection is associated with subnormal GSH levels. An increase in glutathione levels has been observed in HIV-infected adults under oral whey protein supplementation. We studied the features associated with a whey protein concentrate supplementation in children with rapidly progressive AIDS. A prospective double-blind clinical trial was carried out for 4 months with 18 vertically HIV-infected children (1.98-6.37 years), under antiretroviral therapy, who had received whey protein, maltodextrin (placebo) or none. Erythrocyte glutathione concentration, T lymphocyte counts (CD4+ and CD8+) and occurrence of associated co-infections were evaluated. Wilcoxon's and Fischer's Exact tests were used to assess differences between whey protein-supplemented and control (placebo and non-supplemented) groups. A significant median increase of 16.14 mg/dl (p = 0.018) in erythrocyte glutathione levels was observed in the whey protein-supplemented group; the TCD4/CD8 lymphocyte ratio showed a non significant increase and lower occurrence of associated co-infections was also observed. In conclusion, whey protein concentrate supplementation can stimulate glutathione synthesis and, possibly, decrease the occurrence of associated co-infections.
Assuntos
Suplementos Nutricionais , Infecções por HIV/congênito , Infecções por HIV/terapia , HIV-1/isolamento & purificação , Proteínas do Leite/administração & dosagem , Brasil , Contagem de Linfócito CD4 , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Progressão da Doença , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Seguimentos , Glutationa/metabolismo , Infecções por HIV/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Masculino , Probabilidade , Estudos Prospectivos , RNA Viral/análise , Valores de Referência , Medição de Risco , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Carga Viral , Proteínas do Soro do LeiteRESUMO
The protective effect of a whey protein concentrate (WPC) was studied in three models of stomach ulcerative lesions induction: subcutaneous injection of indomethacin, and stress induced by either intraperitoneal injection of reserpine, or immobilization and holding in the cold (4 degrees C, 2 hours). Adult Wistar rats (300-400 g) were used for acute (single-dose), repetitive, or subchronic (10 days) administration of WPC prior to treatment with the ulcerogenic factors. The best protection was achieved in the indomethacin model for repetitive and subchronic experiments, reaching 50.1% and 44%, respectively, inhibition of the ulcerative lesions, which was significant at 1% probability (P <.01). For the immobilization and cold model, maximum inhibition by WPC was 22.1%, and that for the reserpine model was 23.8%. In both models the inhibition was not significant (P >.05) compared with saline (negative control).
Assuntos
Antiulcerosos/farmacologia , Mucosa Gástrica/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas do Leite/farmacologia , Úlcera Gástrica/prevenção & controle , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/toxicidade , Antiulcerosos/uso terapêutico , Bovinos , Cimetidina/farmacologia , Cimetidina/uso terapêutico , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Mucosa Gástrica/patologia , Imobilização , Indometacina/toxicidade , Injeções Intraperitoneais , Injeções Subcutâneas , Masculino , Leite/química , Proteínas do Leite/uso terapêutico , Distribuição Aleatória , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Reserpina/farmacologia , Úlcera Gástrica/induzido quimicamente , Proteínas do Soro do LeiteRESUMO
Four oat cultivars adapted for soil and climate conditions in the southern region of Brazil were evaluated for protein nutritive value. Evaluations were done both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro evaluation was done by essential amino acid profile, available lysine, amino acid scoring, and protein digestibility corrected amino acid-scoring (PDCAAS). Nitrogen balance indices and PER were determined in vivo with rats. In all four cultivars (UFP-15, UFP-16, CTC-03, UFRGS-14), lysine was the most limiting amino acid. Available lysine, amino acid score and PDCAAS were highest for cultivar UFRGS-14 and lowest for CTC-03. When compared to casein, only nitrogen retention for UFRGS-14 did not differ statistically (p>0.05); all other indices of protein quality were inferior to casein for the oat cultivars. The oat cultivars tended to be identical among themselves, except for apparent protein digestibility which was significantly higher in the UFRGS-14 and CTC-03 cultivars. On average, the PER values of the oat cultivars were 82% of casein; the net protein utilization was 88% of casein as determined in vivo and 49% by the estimation in vitro (PDCAAS).
Assuntos
Agricultura , Avena/química , Proteínas Alimentares/análise , Valor Nutritivo , Aminoácidos Essenciais/análise , Animais , Brasil , Clima , Digestão , Lisina/análise , Masculino , Necessidades Nutricionais , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Solo , Treonina/análiseRESUMO
The objective of this research work was to fractionate bovine blood, collected hygienically in a slaughterhouse, into blood plasma protein concentrate, red blood cell concentrate, globin isolate, and a carboxymethylcellulose-heme iron (CMC-heme) complex. All four fractions were studied for proximate composition and amino acid and mineral contents. The nutritive value of plasma protein concentrate and globin isolate was comparatively studied using rat bioassays. The amino acid content in plasma protein concentrate is well balanced and produced net protein utilization and net protein ratio equivalent to 95% those of casein. Globin isolate ( approximately 91% protein) is deficient in isoleucine and S-containing amino acids and was unable to support rat growth at 10% concentration in the diet. Red blood cell concentrate and the isolated CMC-heme complex were good sources of bioavailable iron. Iron availabilities for CMC-heme and whole blood cell concentrate, related to ferrous sulfate as 100%, were 64 and 70%, respectively.
Assuntos
Sangue , Valor Nutritivo , Anemia/dietoterapia , Animais , Análise Química do Sangue , Bovinos , Eritrócitos , Globinas/química , Ferro/sangue , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
A quasi-experimental epidemiological study was performed to evaluate the effect of a nutritional supplement made from bovine blood on human blood parameters. Healthy women who were neither pregnant nor breast-feeding were allocated to two groups: study (n=32) and control (n=17). Women in the study group received 0.5 mg of iron per day, while controls received placebo. Food intake frequency and side effects related to ferrous sulfate were recorded. A 24-hour dietary recall was performed every two weeks, and blood samples were collected to determine biochemical parameters. Compared to controls, the study group showed higher serum iron and iron retention capacity, lower calorie, protein, and vitamin C intake, and lower consumption of dairy products and fruit. Adjusted mean blood parameters were calculated using ANOVA. The output showed increased serum iron (p=0.009) and decreased iron retention capacity (p=0.031) at the end of the study. The results favor use of the product to treat iron deficiency anemia.
Assuntos
Suplementos Nutricionais , Compostos Ferrosos/administração & dosagem , Hematínicos/administração & dosagem , Ferro/sangue , Adolescente , Adulto , Análise de Variância , Animais , Bovinos , Avaliação de Medicamentos , Índices de Eritrócitos , Comportamento Alimentar , Feminino , Ferritinas/sangue , Compostos Ferrosos/sangue , Hematínicos/sangue , Hematócrito , Hemoglobinometria , Humanos , Análise por Pareamento , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Método Simples-CegoRESUMO
The effects of guar gum derived from the endosperm of Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (75% soluble fiber, 7.6% insoluble fiber, 2.16% crude protein, 0.78% total lipids, 0.54% ash and 9.55% moisture) on food intake, levels of blood serum cholesterol, triacylglycerols, glucose and LDL and HDL-cholesterol were studied. The effects of guar gum on indices of protein absorption and utilization were also investigated. Diets containing 0%, 10% and 20% (w/w) guar gum or 10% and 20% cellulose powder (reference) were fed to normal rats for 60 days. The rats fed the guar gum diets showed significantly (p < or = 0.05) lower levels of blood serum cholesterol, triacylglycerols, reduced food intake and body weight gain. Furthermore, a concomitant increase in HDL-cholesterol with a substantial elevation of the HDL/LDL cholesterol ratio were noted. Guar gum decreased blood serum glucose only during the first month of the experiment, and no changes in the indices of protein absorption and utilization were found. The guar gum caused a 10% increase in the small intestine length and a 25% retardation in the intestinal transit. The results of this research suggested that guar gum could potentially be effective in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia and obesity in humans.