RESUMO
Diabetes-induced xerophthalmia is a general metabolic disorder with high incidence and increased treatment difficulty. Our study aimed to explore the combined effect of traditional Chinese and Western medicines on diabetes-associated xerophthalmia. We recruited 60 diabetic xerophthalmia patients, and randomly assigned them to either the control (Western medicine treatment) or the experimental (combined treatment of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine) groups. Pre-treatment and post-treatment analyses were performed to assess the combined therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese and Western medicine on xerophthalmia-associated indicators. We found that the experimental group expressed reduced levels of IL-1, IL-8, and TNF-α (P < 0.05) as compared to the control group. Furthermore, the experimental group showed higher treatment efficacy as compared to the control group (85.00 vs 51.67% Z = 22.244, P < 0.05). In addition, break-up time (t = 20.582, P < 0.05) and tear section (t = 23.082, P < 0.05) was increased in the experimental group as compared to the controls. Lastly, it was found that the combined treatment of traditional Chinese and Western medicine effectively reduced corneal injuries, as indicated by reduced fluorescein staining. This study suggested that a combination treatment consisting of both traditional Chinese and Western medicines may be effective against xerophthalmia in diabetes, and that inflammatory factors are potential biomarkers to examine the treatment efficacy.
Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus/patologia , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/uso terapêutico , Mediadores da Inflamação/metabolismo , Medicina Tradicional Chinesa , Xeroftalmia/tratamento farmacológico , Xeroftalmia/etiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Diabetes Mellitus/tratamento farmacológico , Quimioterapia Combinada , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Lágrimas/metabolismo , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
PURPOSE: Locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients achieving ypT3 status following neoadjuvant chemoradiation are considered to have poor response with minimal downstaging. However, residual cancer cell amounts vary in the subserosa/perirectal fat. Tumor regression grading (TRG) is an evaluation method based on the proportion of fibrosis and residual cancer cells. The aim of this study is to assess the influence of TRG in ypT3 rectal cancer patients who received neoadjuvant chemoradiation. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 325 LARC patients who received neoadjuvant chemoradiation and surgery. TRG scores were recorded by two independent pathologists. Among these patients, 143 were staged as ypT3. We analyzed TRG and other clinicopathological factors and their relationship with survival outcome including overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). RESULTS: Among 143 ypT3 patients, 44 (30.8 %) were TRG1, 84 (58.7 %) were TRG2 and 15 (10.5 %) were TRG3. Seventy-nine (55.3 %) of these patients had metastatic lymph nodes. In univariate analysis, TRG was not associated with DFS (TRG2 vs TRG1, P = 0.852; TRG3 vs TRG1, P = 0.593) or OS (TRG2 vs TRG1, P = 0.977; TRG3 vs TRG1, P = 0.665). Palliative surgery (HR 3.845; 95 % CI 1.670-8.857; P = 0.002) and metastatic lymph nodes after surgery (HR 5.894; 95 % CI 1.142-3.48; P = 0.015) were significantly associated with decreased DFS, while palliative surgery was the only factor associated with worse OS (HR 6.011; 95 % CI 2.150-16.810; P = 0.001). Palliative surgery (HR 3.923; 95 % CI 1.696-9.073; P = 0.001) and metastatic lymph nodes (HR 2.011; 95 % CI 1.152-3.512; P = 0.014) also showed prognostic significance for DFS in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Residual cancer cells evaluated by TRG score after neoadjuvant chemoradiation do not influence survival outcome in ypT3 rectal cancer patients. However, lymph node status is a significant prognostic factor in ypT3 patients.
Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Neoplasias Retais/patologia , Adenocarcinoma/mortalidade , Adenocarcinoma/terapia , Adulto , Idoso , Quimiorradioterapia , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Feminino , Humanos , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Terapia Neoadjuvante , Gradação de Tumores , Neoplasias Retais/mortalidade , Neoplasias Retais/terapia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Genotyping is a critical step for molecular marker-assisted selection in rice. Rice genomic DNA samples for genotyping are typically isolated from living tissues such as seedlings. This requires the germination of all candidate seeds and extraction of DNA from the seedlings. Currently, an ideal individual is selected from a very large number of plants, which is time- and labor-consuming, requiring several transplantations of materials and sampling processes. In this study, we developed a simplified genomic DNA extraction protocol in rice by using amylase to treat half-seeds. The yields of genomic DNA from a half-seed of Indica and Japonica rice were greater than 203.8 ± 32.5 and 143.2 ± 25.5 ng, respectively, and the 260/280 nm absorbance ratio was 1.75-2.10. The DNA was confirmed to be sufficient for polymerase chain reaction amplification and can be used in a marker-assisted selection program.
Assuntos
DNA de Plantas/isolamento & purificação , Genômica , Germinação/genética , Oryza/genética , DNA de Plantas/genética , Genoma de Planta , Genótipo , Plântula/genética , Sementes/genéticaRESUMO
Cisplatin resistance remains one of the major obstacles when treating epithelial ovarian cancer. Because oxaliplatin and nedaplatin are effective against cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer in clinical trials and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is associated with cisplatin resistance, we investigated whether overcoming cisplatin resistance by oxaliplatin and nedaplatin was associated with the STAT3 pathway in ovarian cancer. Alamar blue, clonogenic, and wound healing assays, and Western blot analysis were used to compare the effects of platinum drugs in SKOV-3 cells. At an equitoxic dose, oxaliplatin and nedaplatin exhibited similar inhibitory effects on colony-forming ability and greater inhibition on cell motility than cisplatin in ovarian cancer. Early in the time course of drug administration, cisplatin increased the expression of pSTAT3 (Tyr705), STAT3α, VEGF, survivin, and Bcl-XL, while oxaliplatin and nedaplatin exhibited the opposite effects, and upregulated pSTAT3 (Ser727) and STAT3ß. The STAT3 pathway responded early to platinum drugs associated with cisplatin resistance in epithelial ovarian cancer and provided a rationale for new therapeutic strategies to reverse cisplatin resistance.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos/fisiologia , Neoplasias Epiteliais e Glandulares/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Ovarianas/tratamento farmacológico , Fator de Transcrição STAT3/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Proteínas Reguladoras de Apoptose/genética , Carcinoma Epitelial do Ovário , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Ensaios de Migração Celular/métodos , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Cisplatino/administração & dosagem , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos/efeitos dos fármacos , Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Proteínas Inibidoras de Apoptose/genética , Compostos Organoplatínicos/administração & dosagem , Oxaliplatina , Oxazinas/farmacologia , Ratos , Survivina , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/genética , Xantenos/farmacologia , Proteína bcl-X/genéticaRESUMO
Cisplatin resistance remains one of the major obstacles when treating epithelial ovarian cancer. Because oxaliplatin and nedaplatin are effective against cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer in clinical trials and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is associated with cisplatin resistance, we investigated whether overcoming cisplatin resistance by oxaliplatin and nedaplatin was associated with the STAT3 pathway in ovarian cancer. Alamar blue, clonogenic, and wound healing assays, and Western blot analysis were used to compare the effects of platinum drugs in SKOV-3 cells. At an equitoxic dose, oxaliplatin and nedaplatin exhibited similar inhibitory effects on colony-forming ability and greater inhibition on cell motility than cisplatin in ovarian cancer. Early in the time course of drug administration, cisplatin increased the expression of pSTAT3 (Tyr705), STAT3α, VEGF, survivin, and Bcl-XL, while oxaliplatin and nedaplatin exhibited the opposite effects, and upregulated pSTAT3 (Ser727) and STAT3β. The STAT3 pathway responded early to platinum drugs associated with cisplatin resistance in epithelial ovarian cancer and provided a rationale for new therapeutic strategies to reverse cisplatin resistance.
Assuntos
Animais , Humanos , Ratos , Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos/fisiologia , Neoplasias Epiteliais e Glandulares/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Ovarianas/tratamento farmacológico , /metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas Reguladoras de Apoptose/genética , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Ensaios de Migração Celular/métodos , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Cisplatino/administração & dosagem , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos/efeitos dos fármacos , Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas Inibidoras de Apoptose/genética , Compostos Organoplatínicos/administração & dosagem , Oxazinas/farmacologia , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/genética , Xantenos/farmacologia , Proteína bcl-X/genéticaRESUMO
A single strain of Mycobacterium massiliense (BRA 100), a subspecies of the Mycobacterium abscessus complex, has been responsible for an epidemic of post-surgical infections in Brazil. Outside Brazil, this is the first report to describe a single emerging strain of M. massiliense (TPE 101) associated with extrapulmonary infections. This phenomenon may be underestimated because sophisticated molecular typing of M. abscessus is not routinely performed. Our molecular epidemiology study was triggered by an outbreak investigation. Nine case isolates were grown from the surgical sites of nine mostly paediatric patients receiving operations from 2010 to 2011. All available non-duplicated isolates of M. abscessus during this period were obtained for comparison. Mycobacteria were characterized by multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA), repetitive sequence PCR (rep-PCR) and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Of 58 isolates of M. abscessus overall, 56 were clinical isolates. MLSA identified 36 of the isolates as M. massiliense. All case isolates were indistinguishable by PFGE and named the TPE 101 pulsotype. Of the stored strains of M. abscessus, TPE 101 strains were over-represented among the control surgical wound (7/7, 100%) and subcutaneous tissue isolates (4/5, 80%) but rare among the respiratory isolates (1/16, 6%) and absent from external skin, ocular and environmental samples. In conclusion, a unique strain of M. massiliense has emerged as a distinctive pathogen causing soft tissue infections in Taiwan. Further study to identify whether this is due to an occult common source or to specific virulence factors dictating tissue tropism is warranted.