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ABSTRACT CONTEXT: The relationship with body image, which is the way the body presents itself to each subject, can be aggravated in children and adolescents diagnosed with an human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, since these patients use antiretroviral therapy and may suffer from the adverse effects of the treatment due to continuous use of medication. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of body image dissatisfaction, to describe the assessment methods, and to identify associated factors in children and adolescents diagnosed with HIV. DESIGN AND SETTING: This is a systematic review. Department of Physical Education, Florianópolis - Brazil METHODS: We followed the procedures of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) and the Cochrane recommendations in the selection of articles through a search performed in eight databases. RESULTS: Prevalence of body image dissatisfaction due to thinness was between 36.7-52.0% in males and 28.1-36.4% in females, and body image dissatisfaction due to overweight was between 8.0-31.2% in males and 21.9-50.0% in females. Factors associated with body image dissatisfaction were as follows: female sex, older age, low levels of physical activity, low self-esteem, higher body fat, higher body weight, greater arm muscle area, triceps skinfold thickness, and higher body mass index. CONCLUSION: Children and adolescents of both sexes diagnosed with HIV infection are dissatisfied by thinness and overweight of their body image. REGISTRATION: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/ (CRD42021257676).

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CONTEXT: The relationship with body image, which is the way the body presents itself to each subject, can be aggravated in children and adolescents diagnosed with an human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, since these patients use antiretroviral therapy and may suffer from the adverse effects of the treatment due to continuous use of medication. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of body image dissatisfaction, to describe the assessment methods, and to identify associated factors in children and adolescents diagnosed with HIV. DESIGN AND SETTING: This is a systematic review. Department of Physical Education, Florianópolis - Brazil. METHODS: We followed the procedures of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) and the Cochrane recommendations in the selection of articles through a search performed in eight databases. RESULTS: Prevalence of body image dissatisfaction due to thinness was between 36.7-52.0% in males and 28.1-36.4% in females, and body image dissatisfaction due to overweight was between 8.0-31.2% in males and 21.9-50.0% in females. Factors associated with body image dissatisfaction were as follows: female sex, older age, low levels of physical activity, low self-esteem, higher body fat, higher body weight, greater arm muscle area, triceps skinfold thickness, and higher body mass index. CONCLUSION: Children and adolescents of both sexes diagnosed with HIV infection are dissatisfied by thinness and overweight of their body image. REGISTRATION: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/ (CRD42021257676).

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In Brazil, bodily practices and physical activity (BPPA) have come a long way, with the implementa-tion of policies, actions and programs that have substantially contributed to public health. However, recent setbacks, in which political instability, scarcity and cuts in public spending predominate, show that more progress and consolidation in the National Health System (SUS) are still needed. Thus, the objective of this article is to demonstrate the aspects that must be considered for promoting BPPA in primary health care, discussing its complexity and multifactorial nature, aimed at health profession-als, especially in physical education. In conclusion, essential aspects were highlighted, ranging from the struggle to defend and advance public policies that encourage the promotion and consolidation of the BPPA, to theories that help understand the dimensions of human behavior

No Brasil, as práticas corporais e atividade física (PCAF) obtiveram avanços com a implementação de políticas, ações e programas que contribuíram substancialmente com a saúde pública. Entretanto, recen-tes retrocessos, em que a instabilidade política, escassez e cortes de gastos públicos predominam, evidenciam o quando as PCAF ainda precisam avançar e serem consolidadas no Sistema Único de Saúde. Assim, o objetivo desse ensaio é demonstrar os aspectos que devem ser considerados para a promoção das PCAF na Atenção Primária à Saúde, trazendo reflexões quanto a sua complexidade e multifatoriedade. Essa reflexão é direcionada aos profissionais de saúde, sobretudo aos profissionais de Educação Física. Em conclusão, foram ressaltados aspectos essenciais, que vão desde a luta pela defesa e avanço de políticas públicas que incentivem o fomento e consolidação das PCAF até a apropriação de teorias que ajudem a compreender a dimensão do comportamento humano

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Introduction: physical inactivity is a major public health problem. It is necessary to acquire healthy behaviors in childhood, since the habits acquired tend to last until adult life.Objective: the aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and characteristics related to sport practice in adolescents from a city in southern Brazil. Methods: a cross-sectional, epidemiological study was carried out with 582 adolescents aged 11-17 years. Independent, dependent variables and covariates were evaluated by means of questionnaire. Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were measured. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval. Results: students from public and private schools who did not participate in any sport team were more likely of presenting abdominal obesity (OR: 2.17; 95% CI: 1.16-5.09 and OR: 2.15; 95% CI: 1.13-4.09, respectively) and not practicing sports in childhood (OR: 1.38; 95% CI: 0.98-2.45 and OR: 1.87; 95% CI: 1.98-2.80, respectively), and those who participated in one sport team were more likely of not practicing sports in childhood (OR: 2.60; 95% CI: 1.45-4.65 and OR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.20 -1.33, respectively), when compared to those who participated in two or more sport teams. Students from public school who participated in one sport teams were more likely of having abdominal obesity (OR: 3.50; 95% CI: 1.02-12.92) when compared to adolescents who participated in two or more sport teams. Conclusions: results can help in possible school-based interventions to promote sport practice.

Introdução: a inatividade física é um dos principais problemas de saúde pública. É necessário adquirir comportamentos saudáveis na infância, pois os hábitos adquiridos tendem a durar até a vida adulta.Objetivo: o objetivo deste estudo foi estimar a prevalência e as características relacionadas à prática esportiva em adolescentes de uma cidade do sul do Brasil.Método: foi realizado um estudo epidemiológico transversal com 582 adolescentes de 11 a 17 anos. Variáveis independentes e dependentes e covariáveis foram avaliadas por meio de questionário. O índice de massa corporal (IMC) e a circunferência da cintura (CC) foram medidos. Regressão logística multinomial foi usada para estimar odds ratio (OR) e intervalo de confiança de 95%.Resultados: estudantes de escolas públicas e privadas que não participaram de nenhuma equipe esportiva apresentaram maior probabilidade de apresentar obesidade abdominal (OR: 2,17; IC95%: 1,16-5,09 e OR: 2,15; IC95%: 1,13-4,09, respectivamente) e não praticar esportes na infância (OR: 1,38; IC95%: 0,98-2,45 e OR: 1,87; IC95%: 1,98-2,80, respectivamente), e aqueles que participaram de uma equipe esportiva apresentaram maior probabilidade de não praticar esportes na infância. (OR: 2,60; IC95%: 1,45-4,65 e OR: 1,26; IC95%: 1,20 -1,33, respectivamente), quando comparados aos que participaram de duas ou mais equipes esportivas. Alunos da escola pública que participaram de uma equipe esportiva apresentaram maior probabilidade de ter obesidade abdominal (OR: 3,50; IC 95%: 1,02-12,92) quando comparados aos adolescentes que participaram de duas ou mais equipes esportivas. Conclusões: os resultados podem ajudar em possíveis intervenções escolares para promover a prática esportiva.

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O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar a associação entre a insatisfação com a imagem corporal, por excesso de peso e pela magreza, e diferentes indicadores antropométricos de obesidade em adolescentes do sul do Brasil. Caracterizou-se com um estudo transversal, realizado na cidade de Criciúma ­ SC, com 575 adolescentes de 11 a 17 anos, de ambos os sexos. A imagem corporal foi avaliada por meio de escala de silhuetas. Os indicadores antropométricos de obesidade Índice de Massa Corporal, Relação Cintura-Estatura, Perímetro da Cintura e Índice de Conicidade foram avaliados conforme protocolo da Sociedade internacional para o Avanço da Cineantropometria. Adolescentes do sexo masculino, de 11 a 13 anos insatisfeitos pela magreza, apresentaram menores chances de ter Relação Cintura-Estatura elevada (RC: 0,1; IC95%: 0,04 - 0,51) e maiores chances de ter Índice de Conicidade elevado (RC: 4,4; IC95%:1,28-15,20) quando comparados com adolescentes satisfeitos com a imagem corporal. Adolescentes do sexo feminino, de 11 a 13 anos insatisfeitas pela magreza, apresentaram menores chances de ter Índice de Massa Corporal (RC: 0,1; IC95%: 0,02 - 0,58) e Índice de Conicidade (RC: 0,2; IC95%: 0,05 - 0,94) elevados e maiores chances de ter Relação Cintura-Estatura elevada (RC: 23,6; IC95%: 3,35-166,85) quando comparadas às adolescentes satisfeitas com a imagem corporal. Concluiu-se que existe associação entre a imagem corporal e indicadores antropométricos de obesidade para adolescentes de 11 a 13 anos, principalmente nos insatisfeitos pela magreza. No sexo masculino, distintos indicadores antropométricos de obesidade abdominal trazem interpretações distintas na associação com a imagem corporal. No sexo feminino, indica distorção da própria imagem corporal, que pode levar as adolescentes a adotarem comportamentos alimentares inadequados, levando à riscos à sua saúde. (AU)

The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between body image dissatisfaction due to overweight and thinness and different anthropometric indicators of obesity in adolescents from southern Brazil. Characterized as a Cross - sectional study conducted in the city of Criciúma - SC, with 575 adolescents aged 11-17 years of both sexes. Body image was assessed by a silhouette scale. Anthropometric indicators of obesity body mass index, waist-to-height ratio, waist circumference and conicity index were evaluated according to the International Society for the Advancement of Kinantropometry protocol. Male adolescents aged 11-13 years dissatisfied due to thinness, were less likely of having high waist-to-height ratio (OR: 0.1; 95% CI: 0.04 - 0.51) and more likely of having elevated conicity index (OR: 4.4; 95% CI: 1.28-15.20) when compared to adolescents satisfied with their body image. Female adolescents aged 11-13 years dissatisfied due to thinness were less likely of having high body mass index (OR: 0.1; 95% CI: 0.02 - 0.58) and conicity index (OR: 0.2; 95% CI: 0.05 - 0.94) and more likely of having high waist-to-height ratio (OR: 23.6; 95% CI: 3.35-166.85) when compared to adolescents satisfied with their body image. Concluded that there is an association between body image and anthropometric indicators of obesity for adolescents aged 11-13 years, especially those dissatisfied due to thinness. In males, different anthropometric indicators of abdominal obesity bring different interpretations in association with body image. In females, it indicates distortion of their own body image, which can lead adolescents to adopt inappropriate eating behaviors, leading to health risks. (AU)

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OBJECTIVES: To verify the association between suicidal behaviors (ideation, planning, and attempts) and sedentary behaviors among adolescents from four Latin American and Caribbean countries. METHODS: A cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted in four countries in Latin America and the Caribbean (Bahamas, Curação, El Salvador, and Guatemala). The sample comprised 6,813 adolescents aged 11-18 years, of which, 3,559 were females. The three suicidal behaviors considered were ideation, planning, and attempts. Sedentary behavior was regarded as the time that adolescents spent sitting, excluding time at school. Crude and adjusted logistic regression were used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS: Suicidal ideation was present in 10.7% of males and 22.7% of females. Suicidal planning was present in 8.6% of males and 16.3% of females. Suicidal attempt was present in 9.3% of males and 16.3% of females. Sedentary behavior was present in 39.6% of males and 45.7% of females. It was identified that male adolescents who reported spending ≥3 hours/day in sedentary behavior were more likely to have suicidal ideation (OR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.13-1.80), whereas female adolescents who reported spending ≥3 hours/day in sedentary behavior were more likely to have suicidal ideation (OR: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.30-1.83), planning (OR: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.28-1.86), and attempts (OR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.09-1.57). CONCLUSION: Adolescents of both sexes who reported spending ≥3 hours/day in sedentary behaviors were more likely to have some suicidal behaviors than those who spent less time in sedentary behaviors.

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Neospora caninum is a widely distributed parasite, which significantly impacts reproduction in ruminants. This study aimed to survey the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with neosporosis infection in commercial herds of sheep in the northwest of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Three hundred sheep serum samples were used to investigate anti-N. caninum antibodies using indirect immunofluorescence reaction at a 1:40 dilution. The presence of anti-N. caninum antibodies was detected in 20.3% (61/300) of the samples evaluated; however, positive reactions were observed in all (13/13) flocks sampled. Sheep breeds > 1 year of age had 1.2-fold higher risk for infection with N. caninum (odds ratio 2.2 [95% confidence interval 1-5.1]; P < 0.001). These findings should raise awareness on the importance of serological screening, identification of risk factors, and maintenance of preventive measures, such as not allowing dogs to contact sheep feed and not offering the placental remains of ruminants to canids.(AU)

Neospora caninum é um parasita amplamente distribuído e de grande importância para a reprodução de ruminantes. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar um levantamento da soroprevalência e dos fatores de risco associados à neosporose em rebanhos comerciais de ovinos no noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul. Foram utilizadas 300 amostras de soro de ovelhas para investigar anti-N. caninum por Reação de Imunofluorescência Indireta (IFAT) com uma diluição de 1:40. A presença de anticorpos anti-N. caninum foi detectada em 20.3 % (61/300) das amostras avaliadas. Reações positivas foram observadas em todos (13/13) os rebanhos amostrados. Ovinos com mais de um ano tiveram 1.2 mais chances de serem infectados por N. caninum (odds ratio 2.2, intervalo de confiança 1-5.1) (P < 0.001). Com esses dados, chamamos atenção para a importância da triagem sorológica, identificação de fatores de risco e manutenção de medidas de prevalência, como não permitir que os cães entrem em contato com a alimentação das ovelhas e não oferecer os restos placentários dos ruminantes aos canídeos.(AU)

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Neospora caninum is a widely distributed parasite, which significantly impacts reproduction in ruminants. This study aimed to survey the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with neosporosis infection in commercial herds of sheep in the northwest of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Three hundred sheep serum samples were used to investigate anti-N. caninum antibodies using indirect immunofluorescence reaction at a 1:40 dilution. The presence of anti-N. caninum antibodies was detected in 20.3% (61/300) of the samples evaluated; however, positive reactions were observed in all (13/13) flocks sampled. Sheep breeds > 1 year of age had 1.2-fold higher risk for infection with N. caninum (odds ratio 2.2 [95% confidence interval 1-5.1]; P < 0.001). These findings should raise awareness on the importance of serological screening, identification of risk factors, and maintenance of preventive measures, such as not allowing dogs to contact sheep feed and not offering the placental remains of ruminants to canids.

Neospora caninum é um parasita amplamente distribuído e de grande importância para a reprodução de ruminantes. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar um levantamento da soroprevalência e dos fatores de risco associados à neosporose em rebanhos comerciais de ovinos no noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul. Foram utilizadas 300 amostras de soro de ovelhas para investigar anti-N. caninum por Reação de Imunofluorescência Indireta (IFAT) com uma diluição de 1:40. A presença de anticorpos anti-N. caninum foi detectada em 20.3 % (61/300) das amostras avaliadas. Reações positivas foram observadas em todos (13/13) os rebanhos amostrados. Ovinos com mais de um ano tiveram 1.2 mais chances de serem infectados por N. caninum (odds ratio 2.2, intervalo de confiança 1-5.1) (P < 0.001). Com esses dados, chamamos atenção para a importância da triagem sorológica, identificação de fatores de risco e manutenção de medidas de prevalência, como não permitir que os cães entrem em contato com a alimentação das ovelhas e não oferecer os restos placentários dos ruminantes aos canídeos.

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OBJECTIVES: To verify the association between suicidal behaviors (ideation, planning, and attempts) and sedentary behaviors among adolescents from four Latin American and Caribbean countries. METHODS: A cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted in four countries in Latin America and the Caribbean (Bahamas, Curação, El Salvador, and Guatemala). The sample comprised 6,813 adolescents aged 11-18 years, of which, 3,559 were females. The three suicidal behaviors considered were ideation, planning, and attempts. Sedentary behavior was regarded as the time that adolescents spent sitting, excluding time at school. Crude and adjusted logistic regression were used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS: Suicidal ideation was present in 10.7% of males and 22.7% of females. Suicidal planning was present in 8.6% of males and 16.3% of females. Suicidal attempt was present in 9.3% of males and 16.3% of females. Sedentary behavior was present in 39.6% of males and 45.7% of females. It was identified that male adolescents who reported spending ≥3 hours/day in sedentary behavior were more likely to have suicidal ideation (OR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.13-1.80), whereas female adolescents who reported spending ≥3 hours/day in sedentary behavior were more likely to have suicidal ideation (OR: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.30-1.83), planning (OR: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.28-1.86), and attempts (OR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.09-1.57). CONCLUSION: Adolescents of both sexes who reported spending ≥3 hours/day in sedentary behaviors were more likely to have some suicidal behaviors than those who spent less time in sedentary behaviors.

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Abstract Aims: The objective was to estimate the prevalence and the factors of behaviors of provocation and control of the weight associated with dissatisfaction with the body image among adolescents. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 580 adolescents (11 to 17 years old) from Criciúma, Brazil. The body image was evaluated by the silhouettes scale and the behaviors of provocation and weight control by questionnaires. A multinomial logistic regression was used (p ≤ 0.05). Results: Of the total number of adolescents, 48.6% were dissatisfied with being overweight (male 47.9%, female 49.3%) and 22.9% dissatisfied with thinness (male 23.8%, female 22.1%). Male adolescents who were dissatisfied with being overweight were more likely to be joked and laughed at because of their appearance and lower chances of being nicknames due to their size or body weight, while those who were unsatisfied with being thin were more likely to joke and laughter because of the appearance, compared to satisfied. Female adolescents who were dissatisfied with being overweight were more likely to be laughed at because they were uncoordinated and without food for 24 h, while those who were unsatisfied with being thin were less likely to be joking and laughing because of their appearance and higher chances to be the targets of laughter because they are uncoordinated, compared to those that are satisfied. Conclusion: The dissatisfaction with body image was associated with different behaviors of provocation and weight control according to sex.

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