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ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Hymenaea eriogyne Benth (Fabaceae) is popularly known as "Jatobá". Despite its use in folk medicine to treat inflammatory disorders, there are no descriptions that show its anti-inflammatory potential. AIM OF THE STUDY: In this sense, this study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antivenom action of bark and leaves extract of H. eriogyne. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The in vivo anti-inflammatory activity was conducted by carrageenan-induced paw edema and zymosan-induced air pouch models, evaluating the edematogenic effect, leukocyte migration, protein concentration, levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. The antivenom potential was investigated in vitro on the enzymatic action (proteolytic, phospholipase and hyaluronidase) of Bothrops brazili and B. leucurus venom, as well as in vivo on the paw edema model induced by B. leucurus. Furthermore, the influence of its markers (astilbin and rutin) on MPO activity was investigated in silico. For molecular docking, AutodockVina, Biovia Discovery Studio, and Chimera 1.16 software were used. RESULTS: The extracts and bark and leaves of H. eriogyne revealed a high anti-inflammatory effect, with a reduction in all inflammatory parameters evaluated. The bark extract showed superior results when compared to the leaf extract, suggesting the influence of the astilbin concentration, higher in the bark, on the anti-inflammatory action. In addition, only the H. eriogyne bark extract was able to reduce MDA, indicating an associated antioxidant effect. Regarding the in vitro antivenom action, the extracts (bark and leaves) revealed the ability to inhibit the proteolytic, phospholipase and hyaluronidase action of both bothropic venom, with a greater effect against B. leucurus venom. In vivo, extracts from the bark and leaves of H. eriogyne (50-200 mg/kg) showed antiedematogenic activity, reducing the release of MPO and pro-inflammatory cytokines, indicating the presence of bioactive components useful in controlling the inflammatory process induced by the venom. In the in silico assays, astilbin and rutin showed reversible interactions of 9 possible positions and orientations towards MPO, with affinities of -9.5 and -10.4 kcal/mol and interactions with Phe407, Gln91, His95 and Arg239, important active pockets of MPO. Rutin demonstrated more effective types of interactions with MPO. CONCLUSION: This approach reveals for the first time the anti-inflammatory action of H. eriogyne bark and leaf extracts in vivo, as well as its antiophidic potential. Moreover, the distinct effect of pharmacogens as antioxidant agents and distinct effect of astilbin and rutin under MPO sheds light on the different anti-inflammatory mechanisms of bioactive compounds present in H. eriogyne extracts, with high potential for the prospection of new pharmacological agents.
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Anti-Inflamatórios , Carragenina , Edema , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Casca de Planta , Extratos Vegetais , Folhas de Planta , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Anti-Inflamatórios/química , Anti-Inflamatórios/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/química , Edema/tratamento farmacológico , Edema/induzido quimicamente , Folhas de Planta/química , Casca de Planta/química , Masculino , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Peroxidase/metabolismo , Fabaceae/química , Antivenenos/farmacologia , Antivenenos/química , Ratos Wistar , Venenos de Crotalídeos/toxicidade , Camundongos , Bothrops , Citocinas/metabolismo , Zimosan , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Rutina/farmacologiaRESUMO
Pregnancy-associated atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (P-aHUS) is a rare condition characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and kidney injury from thrombotic microangiopathy. P-aHUS occurs in approximately 1 in 25,000 pregnancies and is strongly related to complement dysregulation and pregnancy-related disorders, such as preeclampsia, eclampsia, and hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelet (HELLP) syndrome, resulting in adverse perinatal and fetal outcomes. Complement dysregulation in P-aHUS is commonly attributed to genetic mutations or autoantibodies affecting complement factors, including CFH , CFI , and MCP. We present a case of a 25-year-old primigravida who experienced severe preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome followed by the development of complicated P-aHUS during the early postpartum period. The patient exhibited severe clinical manifestations, including hypertensive emergency, central nervous system involvement, renal impairment, and microangiopathic hemolytic anemia. Timely initiation of eculizumab therapy resulted in successful disease remission. Further genetic analysis revealed a likely rare pathogenic MCP gene variant.
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Demonstrate the histological remodeling changes in the turbinates, identify the frequency of the two forms of rhinitis in the samples studied and determine the remodeling differences found in the two variants. Patients attended an otolaryngology service at the Social Security Hospital of city Sangolqui-Ecuador from February 2016 to June 2017. The allergic variant was determined when eosinophils were found by higher magnification field and non-allergic when they were not found in the submucosal segment. Epithelial, inflammatory, and stromal markers were analyzed. One hundred twenty histopathological samples were analyzed, 75% presented allergic rhinitis, the age averaged 36.2 years. When we compared between the allergic and non-allergic variants: epithelial and stromal markers we had significant differences, as well as between each of its components; except fibrosis. In relation to the inflammatory pattern, there were significant differences between the number of mast cells and stromal markers with eosinophils > 10 by field. The allergic type corresponded to 75% of patients with persistent severe rhinitis who underwent turbinectomy. Regarding remodeling, there was a statistically significant difference in favor of the allergic variant. Eosinophilia greater than 10 was directly related to mastocytosis and subepithelial edema.
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Myotoxicity caused by snakebite envenoming emerges as one of the main problems of ophidic accidents as it is not well neutralized by the current serum therapy. A promising alternative is to search for efficient small molecule inhibitors that can act against multiple venom components. Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) is frequently found in snake venom and is usually associated with myotoxicity. Thus it represents an excellent target for the search of new treatments. This work reports the effect of temperature in the inhibition of catalytic properties of PLA2 from Bothrops brazili venom by Rosmarinic (RSM) and Chlorogenic (CHL) acids through experimental and computational approaches. Three temperatures were evaluated (25, 37 and 50 °C). In the experimental section, enzymatic assays showed that RSM is a better inhibitor in all three temperatures. At 50 °C, the inhibition efficiency decayed significantly for both acids. Docking studies revealed that both ligands bind to the hydrophobic channel of the protein dimer where the phospholipid binds in the catalytic process, interacting with several functional residues. In this context, RSM presents better interaction energies due to stronger interactions with chain B of the dimer. Molecular dynamics simulations showed that RSM can establish selective interactions with ARG112B of PLA2, which is located next to residues of the putative Membrane Disruption Site in PLA2-like structures. The affinity of RSM and CHL acids towards PLA2 is mainly driven by electrostatic interactions, especially salt bridge interactions established with residues ARG33B (for CHL) and ARG112B (RSM) and hydrogen bonds with residue ASP89A. The inability of CHL to establish a stable interaction with ARG112B was identified as the reason for its lower inhibition efficiency compared to RSM at the three temperatures. Furthermore, extensive structural analysis was performed to explain the lower inhibition efficiency at 50 °C for both ligands. The analysis performed in this work provides important information for the future design of new inhibitors.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia (PE) is a multifunctional and multisystem disorder. Several factors favor the development of PE, including obesity. Cytokines are also expressed in the placenta, predisposing to local alterations that favor the development of distinct pathological processes, including PE. This study aimed to evaluate the apelin and visfatin mRNA expression in the placental tissue of women with preeclampsia and overweight/obesity and correlates with maternal and fetal variables. METHODS: A cross-sectional analytical study was performed with 60 pregnant women and their newborns. Clinical, anthropometric, and laboratory variables were collected. Placental tissue samples were obtained, and the apelin and visfatin mRNA expression levels were assessed by qRT-PCR. RESULTS: The main findings evidenced lower levels of apelin expression in overweight/obese women, accompanied by a negative correlation with BMI and pre-pregnancy weight; a higher expression of apelin was also observed in women with late PE and no personal history of PE. For visfatin levels, higher expression levels were observed in women with late PE and term delivery. Furthermore, a positive correlation was observed between visfatin levels and fetal anthropometric parameters, such as weight, length, and head circumference. CONCLUSION: Apelin levels were less expressed in overweight/obese women. Apelin and visfatin levels were correlated/associated with maternal-fetal variables.
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Pré-Eclâmpsia , Feminino , Gravidez , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Apelina/metabolismo , Placenta/metabolismo , Sobrepeso , Nicotinamida Fosforribosiltransferase/metabolismo , Estudos Transversais , Citocinas , Obesidade/metabolismo , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismoRESUMO
Cafestol and kahweol are expressive furane-diterpenoids from the lipid fraction of coffee beans with relevant pharmacological properties for human health. Due to their thermolability, they suffer degradation during roasting, whose products are poorly studied regarding their identity and content in the roasted coffee beans and beverages. This article describes the extraction of these diterpenes, from the raw bean to coffee beverages, identifying them and understanding the kinetics of formation and degradation in roasting (light, medium and dark roasts) as the extraction rate for different beverages of coffee (filtered, Moka, French press, Turkish and boiled). Sixteen compounds were identified as degradation products, ten derived from kahweol and six from cafestol, produced by oxidation and inter and intramolecular elimination reactions, with the roasting degree (relationship between time and temperature) being the main factor for thermodegradation and the way of preparing the beverage responsible for the content of these substances in them.
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Abstract Introduction Post-COVID-19 syndrome is characterized by chronic fatigue and myalgia, among other symptoms, which can limit activities of daily living. Physical therapy protocols with multicomponent exercises combine strength, resistance, balance and gait, producing sig-nificant improvements in functional mobility. Objective Evaluate whether multicomponent rehabilitation is effective in improving functional mobility and quality of life in individuals with post-COVID-19 syndrome. Methods Randomized controlled trial with 59 volunteers, divided into an intervention (IG) and control group (CG), all of whom underwent initial assessment (T0). The IG performed 24 sessions over 12 weeks and the CG did not undergo training. Functional mobility was analyzed using the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and the Berg balance scale, while the SF-36 questionnaire assessed quality of life. Results In the 6MWT, the IG covered 464.40 + 81.26 meters (T0) and 518.60 + 82.68 meters (T4). The IG Berg scale scores were 48.00 + 4.00 (T0) and 51.90 + 4.26 (T4). In terms of quality of life, the IG obtained mean scores of 96.26 + 10.14 (T0) and 102.60 + 5.53 (T4). None of these measures was statistically significant. Conclusion Individuals who underwent the multicomponent phys-iotherapy protocol showed statistically nonsignificant increases in the variables studied.
Resumo Introdução A síndrome pós-COVID-19 caracteriza-se por fadiga crônica, mialgia, entre outros sintomas que podem causar limitações na realização das atividades de vida diária. Protocolos de fisioterapia com exercício de multicomponentes combinam força, resistência, equi-líbrio e marcha, e produzem melhorias significativas na mobilidade funcional. Objetivo Avaliar se a reabilitação de multicomponentes é eficaz em promover melhora na mobilidade funcional e qualidade de vida em indivíduos com síndrome pós-COVID-19. Métodos Ensaio clínico randomizado, controlado, realizado com 59 voluntários, divididos em grupo intervenção (GI) e grupo controle (GC). Todos fizeram avaliação inicial (T0); GI realizou 24 sessões durante 12 semanas e GC não realizou treinamento. A análise da mobilidade funcional foi realizada através do teste de caminhada de 6 minutos (TC6m) e da escala de equilíbrio de Berg. O questionário SF-36 avaliou a qualidade de vida. Resultados A distância percorrida no TC6m pelo GI foi de 464,40 + 81,26 metros (T0) e de 518,60 + 82,68 metros (T4). A pontuação na escala de Berg do GI foi de 48,00 + 4,00 (T0) e de 51,90 + 4,26 (T4). Na qualidade de vida, GI apresentou escore com média de 96,26 + 10,14 (T0) e 102,60 + 5,53 (T4). Nenhuma destas medidas foram estatisticamente significantes. Conclusão Os indivíduos que foram submetidos ao protocolo fisioterapêutico de multicomponentes apresentaram incrementos nas variáveis estudadas sem significância estatística.
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Introduction: Food allergy affects 2-10% of the general population; it is more frequent among children than among adults, and it is one of the leading causes of anaphylaxis. Diagnosis of food allergy requires a detailed medical history, skin tests, specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) tests for the food involved, and an oral challenge as final confirmation. Objectives: This study aimed to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients who underwent oral food challenges for suspected food allergies in a reference center in Colombia. Methodology: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study was conducted. Data were retrospectively collected from patients who were evaluated in the allergology service and suspected of food allergy from 2011 to 2018. Quantitative variables are presented as means or medians depending on the normality of the distribution (assessed by the Shapiro-Wilk test), and categorical variables are presented as frequencies and percentages. Results: A total of 215 controlled open challenges were performed on 176 patients, most of whom were children (69%). Thirty-one patients (17%) required another oral challenge with a second food, and 11 (6.25%) required another oral challenge with three foods. Twelve oral challenges (5.58%) were positive. Of these, five challenges were positive for cow's milk, 5 were positive for shrimp, and 2 were positive for legumes (peanuts and lentils). Conclusion: The frequency of confirmed food allergies and the profile of food allergies in our population differs from that reported in other parts of the world.
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Hipersensibilidade Alimentar , Adulto , Criança , Animais , Bovinos , Feminino , Humanos , Estudos Transversais , Colômbia/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Hipersensibilidade Alimentar/epidemiologia , Hospitais , Alimentos MarinhosRESUMO
ABSTRACT Coronary artery fistula draining into the coronary sinus is a rare vascular malformation, and its diagnosis and clinical manifestations usually occur late. We describe the case of a 72-year-old female patient with dyspnea on exertion (New York Heart Association Class III) associated with palpitations. The transthoracic echocardiogram showed significant tricuspid insufficiency. Cardiac catheterization showed aneurysm of the circumflex coronary artery and fistula of this artery draining into the coronary sinus. The patient underwent fistula ligation and tricuspid valve repair, with excellent surgical results.
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Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) affects up to 40% of the general population, there are large-scale multicenter studies that have described its characteristics and few studies have focused on studying patients with AR in Latin America (LA). Methodology: A cross-sectional, descriptive, multicenter study was carried out in four LA countries (Colombia, Argentina, Cuba and Peru). Patients diagnosed with AR between November 2017 and June 2020 were included. Sociodemographic and clinical data, sensitization profile and current treatment were collected in the Electronic Data Collection (BDClinic). Patients also filled out this questionnaires: Rhinitis Control Assessment Test (RCAT), Reflexive Total Nasal Symptom Score (rTNSS), Modified ARIA Criteria for AR Severity (mARIA) and ESPRINT-15. Risk of bias was examined by applying the STROBE checklist. Results: The study included 412 patients. Median age was 25 years (15-39). Two hundred and twenty four (54.3%) were women. Nasal obstruction was present in 303 (73.5%). Three hundred and thirty four (81%) had a persistent AR. One hundred and twenty one (31.3%) had associated asthma. The most frequently positive skin tests were: Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in 365 (88.6%) and Dermatophagoides farinae in 331 (81.3%). Four hundred and eleven patients (99%) reported that AR affected their quality of life. The median score of ESPRINT-15 was 1.87 (0.93-2.93), The mean values of RCAT and rTNSS were 19.01 (±4.59) and 5.4 (±2.97) respectively. Two hundred and fifty (60%) were receiving only oral antihistamines. Physicians decided to start nasal corticosteroids in 296 (71.8%). Only seventy patients (16.9%) were receiving immunotherapy. Conclusion: These findings confirm that most of patients with AR in LA have a persistent disease with a negative impact on quality of life. Dust mites are the main sensitizers. These findings will allow to know the true impact of AR and can lead to a better disease management.