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Studies investigating the association between the phase angle (PA) and frailty are scarce. The PA is considered a practical, low-cost, noninvasive measure for the early identification of this clinical condition. To investigate the association between PA and frailty/pre-frailty, nutritional and clinical aspects in older people. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 51 older people (≥ 60 years). PA was determined using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Frailty profile was determined using the criteria of unintentional weight loss, self-reported fatigue, slow gait speed, low grip strength and insufficient physical activity. Nutritional status was evaluated based on the body mass index and appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMMI). Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity were also investigated. Sociodemographic data were collected through interviews. Prevalence of frailty/pre-frailty was 84.3%, with no difference between the sexes. The first tercile of the sample had a PA lower than 6º, which was considered low. No significant difference in PA was found between older people with or without frailty/pre-frailty. In the multiple linear regression analysis, age and ASMMI were shown to be potential independent predictors for PA. Age showed an inverse correlation with PA, while ASMMI showed a direct correlation. No association was found between PA and frailty or pre-frailty.

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Background: Orthopedic implants are commonly used for different types of surgical procedures to gain optimal functionand to provide stability to both bones and tendon structures. When inserting these implants, the characteristics of the material are important for surgical success, and the ideal implant must be biocompatible and nonallergenic. However, whenmolding an implant to the bone structure, its resistance can change significantly. Implants can be temporary or permanentin the body, and metal possesses properties that make it acceptable for bone repair. In biomedical implants, 2 types aremost common, commercially pure (CP)-Ti and Ti-6A1-4V. They both provide stable fixation and low risk of loosening.Implants made with the same material and composition can perform differently if the material has been altered by processing techniques for different scenarios. Stress, strain and elastic modulus are the primary metrics used in the description ofimplant materials. They can be calculated based on mechanical tests of specimens with defined geometry, most commonlytensile, bending and torsional tests. In order to better evaluate those changes, we compared the mechanical characteristicsof titanium bone plates, before and after they were molded to the bone, to verify and quantify the loss of stiffness andresistance after molding the plate.Materials, Methods & Results: The study was prospective. Orthopedic implant made of commercially pure titanium (CPTi) were divided into 2 groups, one group without plate molding and the other with plate molding to a dog femora bone.Thirty-six plates of different sizes (5.0, 6.5, 8.0, 9.0, 10.0- and 11.0-mm diameter) were divided into 6 groups containing6 plates of each size and submitted to the 4-point flexion test of resistance, using a piece of dog femur (weights of 5, 10,15, 20 and 25 kg) as the bone in which the...(AU)

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Background: Orthopedic implants are commonly used for different types of surgical procedures to gain optimal functionand to provide stability to both bones and tendon structures. When inserting these implants, the characteristics of the material are important for surgical success, and the ideal implant must be biocompatible and nonallergenic. However, whenmolding an implant to the bone structure, its resistance can change significantly. Implants can be temporary or permanentin the body, and metal possesses properties that make it acceptable for bone repair. In biomedical implants, 2 types aremost common, commercially pure (CP)-Ti and Ti-6A1-4V. They both provide stable fixation and low risk of loosening.Implants made with the same material and composition can perform differently if the material has been altered by processing techniques for different scenarios. Stress, strain and elastic modulus are the primary metrics used in the description ofimplant materials. They can be calculated based on mechanical tests of specimens with defined geometry, most commonlytensile, bending and torsional tests. In order to better evaluate those changes, we compared the mechanical characteristicsof titanium bone plates, before and after they were molded to the bone, to verify and quantify the loss of stiffness andresistance after molding the plate.Materials, Methods & Results: The study was prospective. Orthopedic implant made of commercially pure titanium (CPTi) were divided into 2 groups, one group without plate molding and the other with plate molding to a dog femora bone.Thirty-six plates of different sizes (5.0, 6.5, 8.0, 9.0, 10.0- and 11.0-mm diameter) were divided into 6 groups containing6 plates of each size and submitted to the 4-point flexion test of resistance, using a piece of dog femur (weights of 5, 10,15, 20 and 25 kg) as the bone in which the...

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OBJECTIVE: To characterize the temporal trend of epidemiological indicators of leprosy in the State of Amapá. METHOD: Time series study, carried out in the Notifiable Diseases Information System. The indicators analyzed were: annual detection rate of new cases, detection rate of new cases in the population from 0 to 14 years old, rate of new cases with grade 2 of disability, proportion of new cases with grade 2 and proportion of new multibacillary cases, between 2005 and 2018. The analysis of the temporal evolution was made by linear regression. RESULTS: The detection rate of new cases and the rate of children under 15 years showed a decreasing trend. The rate of new cases with grade 2 of disability and the proportion of cases with grade 2 showed oscillation. The proportions of multibacillary remained constant. CONCLUSION: The epidemiological indicators analyzed suggest active transmission and late diagnosis, signaling a possible hidden endemic disease.

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ABSTRACT Objective To characterize the temporal trend of epidemiological indicators of leprosy in the State of Amapá. Method Time series study, carried out in the Notifiable Diseases Information System. The indicators analyzed were: annual detection rate of new cases, detection rate of new cases in the population from 0 to 14 years old, rate of new cases with grade 2 of disability, proportion of new cases with grade 2 and proportion of new multibacillary cases, between 2005 and 2018. The analysis of the temporal evolution was made by linear regression. Results The detection rate of new cases and the rate of children under 15 years showed a decreasing trend. The rate of new cases with grade 2 of disability and the proportion of cases with grade 2 showed oscillation. The proportions of multibacillary remained constant. Conclusion The epidemiological indicators analyzed suggest active transmission and late diagnosis, signaling a possible hidden endemic disease.

RESUMEN Objetivo Caracterizar la tendencia temporal de los indicadores epidemiológicos de la lepra en el Estado de Amapá. Métodos Estudio de series temporales realizado en el Sistema de Información de Enfermedades de Notificación. Los indicadores analizados fueron: tasa de detección anual de nuevos casos, tasa de detección de nuevos casos en la población de 0 a 14 años, tasa de nuevos casos com grado 2 de discapacidad, proporción de nuevos casos con grado 2 y proporción de nuevos casos multibacilares, entre 2005 y 2018. El análisis de la evolución temporal se realizó mediante regresión lineal. Resultados La tasa de detección de nuevos casos y la tasa de niños menores de 15 años mostraron una tendencia decreciente. La tasa de casos nuevos con discapacidad de grado 2 y la proporción de casos con grado 2 mostraron oscilación. Las proporciones de multibacilares se mantuvieron constantes. Conclusión Los indicadores epidemiológicos analizados sugieren transmisión activa y diagnóstico tardío, lo que indica una posible lepra oculta.

RESUMO Objetivo Caracterizar a tendência temporal dos indicadores epidemiológicos da hanseníase no Estado do Amapá. Método Estudo de série temporal, realizado no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação. Os indicadores analisados foram: taxa de detecção anual de casos novos, taxa de detecção de casos novos na população de 0 a 14 anos, taxa de casos novos com grau 2 de incapacidade, proporção de casos novos com grau 2 e proporção de casos novos multibacilares, entre 2005 e 2018. A análise da evolução temporal foi feita por meio de regressão linear. Resultados A taxa de detecção de casos novos e a taxa em menores de 15 anos apresentaram tendência decrescente. A taxa de casos novos com grau 2 de incapacidade e a proporção de casos com grau 2 apresentaram oscilação. As proporções de multibacilares mantiveram-se constantes. Conclusão Os indicadores epidemiológicos analisados sugerem transmissão ativa e diagnóstico tardio, sinalizando uma possível endemia oculta.

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RESUMO A fotogrametria computadorizada tem se destacado como um recurso avaliativo não invasivo e de boa reprodutibilidade de resultados, contudo ainda carece de padronizações quanto aos parâmetros de sua aplicação. Este estudo comparou os resultados de análises fotogramétricas de amplitude articular obtidos a partir de imagens com diferentes inclinações da câmera fotográfica, em relação ao objeto (totalmente frontal ou 0°, 5°, 10°, 15°, 20º, 25º e 30º). As imagens foram analisadas pela técnica da fotogrametria computadorizada e por seis examinadores que realizaram a quantificação de uma medida angular presente nas imagens. Os resultados demostraram que mesmo com uma variação de 5° de inclinação de câmera, observou-se a presença de resultados significativamente diferentes entre as avaliações, com a margem de erro aumentando, conforme se acentuou a inclinação da câmera.

RESUMEN La fotogrametría computarizada se ha destacado como un recurso evaluativo no invasivo y con buena reproducibilidad de resultados; sin embargo, aún carece de estándares en cuanto a los parámetros de su aplicación. Este estudio comparó los resultados de los análisis fotogramétricos del rango articular, obtenidos a partir de imágenes con distintas inclinaciones de la cámara fotográfica en relación al objeto (totalmente frontal o 0°, 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, 25° y 30°). Las imágenes fueron analizadas por la técnica de fotogrametría computarizada y por seis examinadores que realizaron la cuantificación de una medida angular presente en ellas. Los resultados mostraron que incluso con una variación de 5° de inclinación de la cámara se observó resultados significativamente distintos entre las evaluaciones, aumentando el margen de error, mientras se acentuaba la inclinación de la cámara.

ABSTRACT The computerized photogrammetry has been highlighted as a non-invasive resource for evaluation, with good reproducibility of results, but its application parameters are still lacking standardization. This study compared outcomes of range of motion obtained with photogrammetric assessments from images photographed in different camera inclinations in relation to the object (0°, 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, and 30°). The images were analyzed with computerized photogrammetry by six raters who assessed the joint range present in the images. The outcomes showed that even with 5° in camera inclination, there was significantly different results between assessments, and the margin of error increased as the camera inclination was intensifying.

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Introdução: O Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) é considerado um dos principais problemas da saúde pública. Assim, uma das complicações a longo prazo está relacionada as alterações de sensibilidade principalmente na região podal. Objetivo: Comparar os efeitos entre as técnicas de estimulação sensorial em diferentes texturas e o banho de contraste para melhora da sensibilidade plantar de indivíduos diabéticos tipo 2. Métodos: Trata-se de um ensaio clínico randomizado, no qual os indivíduos foram inclusos por ordem de adesão através de sorteio, sendo 6 participantes do circuito com estações em diferentes texturas (GDT) e 6 participantes do revezamento em banho de contraste (GBC) com idade média de 63 ± 12 e 56 ± 11 anos. A avaliação sensitiva foi realizada em 9 pontos dos pés, antes e após 24 intervenções fisioterapêuticas, sendo aplicadas 5 dias por semana. Resultados: Tanto a técnica GDT quanto a GBC apresentaram melhora significativa, com o valor de p < 0,0001 comparando o antes e depois. A variável entre os grupos obteve o resultado de 0,0258. Conclusão: Foi possível identificar que as duas técnicas promoveram a melhora da sensibilidade plantar de forma significativa, evidenciando que a técnica do banho de contraste mostrou-se mais eficaz comparada a variável do protocolo de diferentes texturas. (AU)

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus type 2 (DM2) is considered one of the major public health problems. Thus, one of the long-term complications is related to changes in sensitivity, especially in the foot region. Objective: To compare the effects between sensory stimulation techniques in different textures and the contrast bath to improve plantar sensitivity of type 2 diabetic individuals. Methods: This is a randomized clinical trial, in which the individuals were included by order of adherence by lottery, being 6 participants in the circuit with stations in different textures (GDT) and 6 participants in the contrast bath relay (GBC) with mean age of 63 ± 12 and 56 ± 11 years. The sensory evaluation was performed in 9 points of the feet before and after 24 physiotherapeutic interventions, being applied 5 days a week. Results: Both the GDT and GBC techniques showed significant improvement, with the value of p < 0.0001 comparing the before and after. The variable between the groups obtained the result of p < 0.0258. Conclusion: It was possible to identify that both techniques promoted the return of plantar sensitivity significantly, showing that the contrast bath technique was more effective compared to the protocol variable of different textures. (AU)

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BACKGROUND: Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) is an important method of attenuating both respiratory and peripheral effort perceptions, consequently improving neuromuscular performance and resulting in greater improvements in exercise capacity than exercise training alone. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of IMT on exercise tolerance, repeated sprint ability (RSA) performance, maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), and peak inspiratory flow (PIF) in a cohort of professional male soccer players. METHODS: Twenty-two healthy male professional soccer players (18.3 ±â€¯1.4 years; 174.5 ±â€¯6.1 cm; 70.5 kg ±â€¯4.6 kg; body fat 10.1 ±â€¯4.2%) from a club in the Brazilian first division soccer league participated in this study. IMT consisted of 15 and 30 self-paced inspiratory breaths (each to 50% maximal static inspiratory pressure [P0]) in the 1-and 2-week intervention period, respectively. IMT was performed prior to soccer training (1 sets.d-1; 6 d.wk-1) with repeated sprint ability (RSA) assessed pre- and post- the 2-week period of IMT. RESULTS: Statistical analyses identified a significant (p < 0.001) decrease in sprint time post-IMT. Additionally, RSAbest, RSAmean, total sprint time and percentage of RSA performance decrement (RSA % dec) also showed significant decreases (p < 0.0001) post-IMT. Additional measures including MIP and PIF were also significantly elevated (p < 0.0002) following the 2-week period of IMT. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, our results raise two important issues. Firstly, IMT demonstrated enhanced inspiratory muscle strength in professional soccer players. Secondly, this increase in inspiratory muscle efficiency led to a decrease in sprint time and improved exercise tolerance. We recommend that a standard training protocol be developed and tested in an experimental and control group with a large representative sample.

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O movimento humano, e suas disfunções, constituem o principal objeto de estudos da fisioterapia. Nesse sentido, compreender e analisar de forma objetiva e precisa a complexidade dos gestos motores do ser humano, trata-se de uma questão essencial que demanda o desenvolvimento de ferramentas que possibilitem alcançar um diagnóstico funcional preciso. Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho verificar se a mudança de posição da altura da câmera fotográfica promove variação do resultado da análise de amplitude articular do cotovelo, por meio da fotogrametria computadorizada e se altura influência na análise fotogramétrica. Foram selecionados entre os acadêmicos do 4° e 5° ano do curso de Fisioterapia da UEPA, 6 examinadores. Esses examinadores se dedicaram a obter os valores angulares de ADM da articulação do cotovelo. De vários ângulos, apenas um ângulo foi levado em consideração para a análise estatística, chamado ângulo-chave, posteriormente os dados foram analisados no programa BioEstat 5.0 e SPSS 18. Através dos resultados encontrados, observou-se distribuição normal para os dados obtidos em todas as diferentes alturas da câmera fotográfica, exceto para a altura de 50 cm. Notouse também, o mesmo padrão de variância em todas as alturas testadas, demonstrando variação não significante entre os resultados da amostra. Conclui-se, que as variações na altura da câmera fotográfica, não foram capazes de alterar significativamente o resultado final da análise por fotogrametria computadorizada. Identificou-se que a altura de 50 cm influencia no resultado final, pois a mesma demonstrou nesta investigação um risco de apresentar resultados inconsistentes estatisticamente (p=0.01). Desse modo, não se recomenda a utilização dessa altura de câmera fotográfica, evitando erros na interpretação das análises fotogramétricas....(AU)

Human movement, and its dysfunctions, are the main object of physical therapy studies. In this sense, to understand and analyze in an objective and precise way the complexity of the human motor gestures, it is an essential question that demands the development of tools that allow to reach a precise functional diagnosis. The objective of this study was to verify if the change of position of the photographic camera height promotes variation of the results of the joint amplitude analysis of the elbow, through computerized photogrammetry and if height influence in the photogrammetric analysis. Six examiners were selected among the academics of the 4th and 5th year of the UEPA Physiotherapy course. These examiners were dedicated to obtaining the angular values of ADM from the elbow joint. From several angles, only one angle was taken into account for the statistical analysis, called the key angle, later the data were analyzed in the program BioEstat 5.0 and SPSS 18. Through the results found, it was observed a normal distribution for the data obtained in all the different heights of the camera, except for the height of 50cm. The same pattern of variance was also observed in all the tested heights, demonstrating nonsignificant variation among the results of the sample. It was concluded that the variations in the height of the photographic camera were not able to significantly alter the final result of the analysis by computerized photogrammetry. It was identified that the height of 50cm influenced the final result, since it showed in this investigation a risk of presenting inconsistent results statistically (p = 0.01). Therefore, the use of this camera height is not recommended, avoiding errors in the interpretation of photogrammetric analyzes....(AU)

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RESUMO O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar a estrutura do programa municipal de controle da hanseníase, em Canaã dos Carajás (Pará), no contexto da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Trata-se de um estudo de avaliação de programas de saúde, com foco na hanseníase, tendo como público-alvo os gestores do programa de hanseníase e os gerentes das unidades de saúde da atenção primária. Foram utilizados dois questionários diferentes, elaborados especificamente para esse fim. Concluiu-se que o município em questão possui uma estrutura classificada entre insatisfatória e regular, demonstrando várias fragilidades no programa avaliado, para o atendimento em hanseníase.

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the structure of the municipal program of leprosy control in Canaã dos Carajás (Pará), in the context of Primary Health Care. Methods: this is an assessment of health programs, focusing on leprosy, targeting managers of the leprosy program and managers of health facilities of primary care. Two different questionnaires, developed specifically for this purpose, were used. Conclusion: the municipality in question has a structure classified between poor and regular, showing several weaknesses in the assessed program for the care of leprosy.