RESUMO
Abstract Objective: To evaluate the barriers to access and oral health care faced by children and adolescents with Cerebral Palsy (CP) according to their motor impairment through the perception of caregivers. Material and Methods: A case series study was carried out at three health institutions in Pernambuco, Brazil. The study sample consisted of 94 caregivers of 5-to-18-year-old patients with CP, according to GMFCS (The Gross Motor Function Classification System). Data were collected using a semi-structured form to evaluate the barriers to access and analyzed statistically by the chi-square and Fisher exact tests, adopting a 5% level of significance. In addition, binary logistic regression was performed to determine the weight of the variables in explaining the outcome variable. Results: There were major difficulties involving transportation (p=0.04) and structural accessibility to dental services (p<0.01) among children and adolescents with severe CP. In addition, the more severe the CP, the greater the difficulty of accessibility (OR=4.09,) and the lower the income (OR=8.80), the greater the motor impairment. Conclusion: Despite the availability of access to dental services, low-income families have more severe CP patients, contributing to the daily difficulties already faced by them in oral health care.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Percepção Social , Paralisia Cerebral/patologia , Saúde Bucal , Cuidadores , Assistência Odontológica para a Pessoa com Deficiência , Estudos Epidemiológicos , Modelos Logísticos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Crianças com Deficiência , Estudos Observacionais como AssuntoRESUMO
O objetivo deste artigo foi descreveras característicasclínicase demográficasde pessoas com deficiência atendidas em uma clínica-escolade Odontologia do Nordeste brasileiro, relacionando estes perfis àsnecessidades acumuladas e aos tratamentos realizados no período de marçoa julho de 2019. Tratou-se de um estudode análise de banco de dados no qualforam avaliadosos prontuários em relação a sexo, idade, diagnóstico médico, uso de medicamentos, motivo da consulta e tratamentos realizados. Foi utilizada uma amostra deconveniência de 55 prontuários,referentes aos indivíduos em atendimento neste período.Os testes Qui-quadrado e exato de Fisher foram utilizados para verificar associação entre as variáveis estudadas. Foi adotado o intervalo de confiança de 95% e a margem de erro de 5%.Verificou-se queamaioria dos pacientes erado sexo masculino(52,7%)e possuíaentre20 e59 anos(54,5%).As patologias de base de maior prevalênciaforam as doenças sistêmicas (34,5%)e deficiência intelectual (32,7%). Em relação às medicações, 80% faziamuso contínuo de algum fármaco. A respeito das consultas odontológicas, a procurade 60% da amostrafoi por motivo de dor e os procedimentos mais realizados, os restauradores (63,6%).Além disso, a estabilização física e sedação medicamentosa foram amplamente utilizadas nos pacientes com deficiência intelectual.Oatendimento odontológico incluiu pacientes com diversas necessidades especiais e, apesar da clínica-escola em questão priorizar a conduta preventiva, a maior parte dos procedimentos executados foi curativo, podendo estar relacionado com a procura tardia pelo tratamento odontológicoe dificuldades de acesso (AU).
The aim of this article was to describe the clinical and demographic characteristics of people with disabilities attending a dental teaching clinic in northeastern Brazil, and to associate these profiles with the cumulative needs and treatments performed from March to July 2019. This was a database study in which sex, age, medical diagnosis, medication use, reason for consultation, and previous treatments obtained from the medical records were evaluated. A convenience sample of 55 records from patients seen during this period was used. The chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were applied to evaluate the association between the variables studied, adopting a 95% confidence interval and an error margin of 5%. Most patients were male (52.7%) and were between 20 and 59 years old (54.5%). The most prevalent underlying diseases were systemic diseases (34.5%) and intellectual disability (32.7%). Regarding medications, 80% of the patients continuously used some drug. The reason for consultation was pain in 60% of the sample and restorative procedures were the most frequently performed (63.6%). Moreover, patients with intellectual disability commonly required physical restraint and sedatives. The dental consultations comprised patients with different special needs. Although the teaching clinic prioritizes preventive management, most of the procedures performed were curative, a fact that might be related to the late seeking of dental treatment and difficulties of accessing health services (AU).