RESUMO

Background: The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) exert their analgesic effect through peripheral inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis and a variety of other peripheral and central mechanisms. However, NSAIDs are associated with some adverse effects, mainly related to the gastrointestinal, renal, and hepatic systems, highlighting the need for research to develop safer drugs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of preoperative oral administration of carprofen or grapiprant in female cats submitted to elective ovariohysterectomy on the quality of perioperative analgesia and the need for hypnotic and analgesic drugs. Materials, Methods & Results: Thirty-three adult female cats were selected, without defined breed and healthy based on physical examination, routine laboratory analyses (complete blood count, total protein, Heinz body investigation and serum quantification of alanine transaminase [ALT], aspartate transaminase [AST], gamma glutamyl transpeptidase [GGT], alkaline phosphatase [ALP], urea, frutosamine, and glucose) and negative tests for feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukemia virus (FeLV). After 3 days of adaptation, they were submitted to ovariohysterectomy by celiotomy and randomly allocated into 2 groups according to the preoperative drug used: GCAR [carprofen - 4 mg/kg, VO, 2 h before surgery; n = 11] and GGRA (grapiprant - 2 mg/kg IV, 2 h before surgery; n = 21]. The cats were pre-medicated with acepromazine 0.05 mg/ kg IV and later submitted to general anesthesia with propofol intravenously. Anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane in 100% oxygen. After anesthetic induction, a continuous infusion of remifentanil at a rate of 10 µg/kg/h was initiated. During the transanesthetic period, the parameters of heart rate; respiratory rate; systolic, mean, and diastolic arterial pressure using the oscillometric method; electrocardiogram; rectal temperature; partial pressure of CO2 at the end of expiration: and partial saturation of O2 in hemoglobin were continuously monitored. The evaluation of nociception was based on the changes in the aforementioned physiological parameters. The rate of remifentanil used did not change over time with the use of carprofen. However, animals that received grapiprant required a lower remifentanil dose at 20, 25, and 30 min during the procedure. The female cats that received carprofen showed an increase in mean heart rate at 30 min compared to that at 20 and 25 min. In the Grapiprant group, the heart rate at 35 min was higher only than that observed at 25 min. Discussion: The remifentanil rate did not differ between the groups, even between the times for GCAR. However, the remifentanil rate was lower from 20 min of the procedure for GGRA. This decrease may be related to a decrease in the need for anesthetics and analgesics by decreasing temperature, which causes decreases in metabolism and surgical stimulation. The increase in systolic, mean, diastolic, and heart rate arterial pressure parameters observed in both treatments after 15 min of anesthesia is related to the nociceptive stimulus resulting from traction and ligation of the ovarian pedicles and maneuvers for exteriorization of the uterus. These are considered the moments of greater surgical stimulus during ovariohysterectomy, evidenced by the greater release of cortisol and increase in physiological parameters. The results of this study show that the administration of carprofen or grapiprant was clinically similar when used preemptively for perioperative analgesia in cats submitted to elective ovariohysterectomy.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Background: The medical science of birds, with the exception of aviculture, has a very short history compared to other subdisciplines of veterinary medicine. With this in mind, the current work aims to report the case of a buff-necked ibis with an open fracture of the left humerus, presenting the surgical treatment and anesthetic protocol used, in order to contribute to the avian medical literature. Case: An adult buff-necked ibis (Theristicus caudatus) was referred to the University Veterinary Hospital with an open fracture of the left humeral shaft, 7 days after rescue. During the physical examination, a skin lesion was identified in the fracture area, with signs of low vascularization, devitalization, necrotic tissues, and purulent secretions being noted. On radiographic examination, the fracture was classified as comminuted, with exposure of the left humeral shaft. After evaluating the limb, it was decided to amputate the wing, and 24 h later, the patient was referred to the operating room after fasting for 4 h. As pre-anesthetic medication, ketamine (20 mg/kg) and midazolam (1 mg/kg) were administered, both intramuscularly. Orotracheal intubation was performed, after which the tracheal tube was connected to a Baraka-type gas-free system and the supply of isoflurane was started through a universal vaporizer, diluted in 100% oxygen. For transoperative analgesia, brachial plexus block was performed using 2% lidocaine (2 mg/kg). During the surgical procedure, an incision was made in the skin and subcutaneous tissue in the middle third of the left humerus, and detachment of the greater deltoid muscle was performed with a periosteal elevator, followed by excision of the tensor propatagialis. In the ventrodorsal region, circular ligation of the brachial vein, ulnar vein and artery, and median-ulnar nerve was carried out, and disarticulation of the scapulacoracoid-humeral region. Subsequently, abolition of dead space and a myorrhaphy were performed, followed by demorrhaphy. In the immediate post-operative period, morphine (5 mg/kg), meloxicam (0.1 mg/kg), and enrofloxacin (10 mg/kg) were administered intramuscularly. The patient was discharged from the hospital 6 h after the end of the surgical procedure. Discussion: Interest in the conservation of wild birds is one of the causes of the increased demand for anesthetic and surgical procedures in these species. However, it is a challenge for professionals in the field. The use of analgesics is recommended for reasons of well-being, but also because of the possibility of reducing the concentration of inhalational anesthetics in surgical procedures. Ketamine associated with midazolam promotes sufficient sedation and muscle relaxation in the patient, enabling safe preoperative management, in addition to reducing the amount of inhaled anesthetics used during the transoperative period. Isofluorane promotes safe general anesthesia for birds and has an advantage over injectable drugs, as it provides better dynamic control of anesthetic depth in these species. The brachial plexus block performed is a simple procedure that promotes quality anesthesia and analgesia in the perioperative period. The choice for amputation was due to the absence of musculature for closure, severe skin, muscle, and bone devitalization, and the infectious process in the region, factors that would prevent osteosynthesis. Although amputation through the bone is preferable, the disarticulation technique was used due to the absence of a healthy proximal humeral fragment. The patient's death can be explained by the poor nutritional status the bird was in, as it presented an open fracture with severe contamination, a concomitant injury that occurred during the possible trauma, and the excessive time between the day of the trauma and the day of medical attendance. However, the surgical and anesthetic procedures were adequate and satisfactory for the patient. The importance of identifying and treating diseases secondary to contaminated fractures in these species is emphasized.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Background: Photoplethysmography is widely used in human medicine, with few studies on its use in veterinary medicine. Its sensor detects fluctuations in blood volume at the site, providing direct readings of cardiac pulse and peripheral oxygen saturation, as well as estimating cardiac output, respiratory rate and blood pressure. This study aimed to evaluate the use of photoplethysmography and compare it to vascular Doppler ultrasound as an indirect method of measuring systolic blood pressure in bitches undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy, using the invasive assessment of systolic blood pressure as a reference. Materials, Methods and Results: After clinical and laboratory evaluation, 34 healthy bitches were selected to undergo elective ovariohysterectomy. After food and water fasting, patients received pethidine hydrochloride intramuscularly as pre-anesthetic medication, followed by anesthetic induction with fentanyl citrate and propofol intravenously. General anesthesia was maintained by inhalation with isoflurane diluted in 100% oxygen. Intraoperative analgesia consisted of continuous infusion of fentanyl citrate intravenously. The animals were randomly divided into 2 groups, the thoracic limb group (TLG) and the pelvic limb group (PLG). In each patient, non-invasive blood pressure measurement was obtained simultaneously with Doppler (DOP) and photoplethysmography (PPG). The sensors of both devices were placed on the end of the same limb. The PPG sensor was positioned in the interdigital region. In patients belonging to the TLG, the Doppler sensor was placed in the ventral region of the thoracic limb, under the ulnar artery. In PLG patients, the Doppler sensor was placed in the dorsal region of the pelvic limb, over the dorsal artery of the foot. The sphygmomanometer was positioned close to the sensors. For systolic blood pressure (SBP) measurement, the cuff was inflated until the Doppler sound signal and the plethysmographic wave were lost. The cuff was then deflated until the Doppler pulse sound resumed and the photoplethysmography showed at least 2 continuous waves on a regular basis. The corresponding pressure value observed on the manometer consisted of the SBP. The same 2 evaluators performed all SBP measurements: 1 responsible for the DOP method and the other for the PPG method; both were blind to the other's findings, thus minimizing potential bias in the results. All animals underwent cannulation of the auricular artery for invasive measurement of systolic blood pressure, using a multiparameter monitor. All blood pressure measurements were performed at 5-min intervals, as well as obtaining additional parameters (heart and respiratory rate, esophageal temperature, partial tissue oxygen saturation, carbon dioxide concentration) and electrocardiographic monitoring. All parameters were documented for further statistical analysis. A strong correlation (r² = 0.95) was obtained between the DOP and PPG methods regardless of the limb on which the sensors were placed. There was a low correlation between the invasive method of measuring systolic blood pressure and the other methods. There was better agreement between the DOP and PPG methods (r2 = -0.0061; P = 0.85) when systolic blood pressure was measured in the TLG. Discussion: In the PLG, the values obtained with the DOP and PPG methods were significantly higher than those obtained with the invasive method, while the values obtained in the TLG differed slightly. It was found that the best measurement site by non-invasive methods was the thoracic limb. It was concluded that the non-invasive methods showed a low correlation with the invasive method; however, both methods had similar characteristics and photoplethysmography can be used to replace the vascular Doppler method.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Background: The taxonomic order Anura is composed of frogs and toads, with approximately 6,000 species worldwide, of which 900 species are found in Brazil. Rhinella marina, popularly known as "sapo-cururu," is the most commonly found frog in Brazil. Although most of these animals are found in research laboratories and zoos, they are increasingly being reared as pets. Therefore, sedation or anesthesia is often necessary for these animals to facilitate medical care, complementary examinations, or surgical procedures. However, there are only a few reports of anesthesia in frogs. Therefore, the present report aimed to describe the anesthetic protocol for femoral osteosynthetic surgery in an adult cane toad. Case: An adult cane toad presented with a history of difficulty in moving the left hindlimb and loss of limb movements. Radiography showed a simple, complete, transverse, and closed average shaft of the left femur and bone shaft fracture deviation. The animal was referred for an osteosynthetic surgery to stabilize the fracture. Animal restraint was performed using humidified gloves on the operating table. As premedication, ketamine, meloxicam, and morphine were administered, and general anesthesia was induced with isoflurane through a face mask. The anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane through a drip on the animal's back for cutaneous absorption. Lidocaine (2%) anesthetic gel was applied on the incision line to complement the somatic analgesia. The fracture was fixed using an intramedullary Kirschner pin. The heart rate was measured based on the beep of the arterial pulse using a Doppler ultrasonic device, respiratory rate was recorded by visual observation of the animal's respiratory motion, and body temperature was assessed using an esophageal digital thermometer - all of these remained stable during the procedure. Morphine, enrofloxacin, and meloxicam were administered postoperatively. The animal was discharged from the hospital seven days after the surgery, and 14 days later, the animal was deemed clinically stable with favorable wound healing. Discussion: Toads use their skin to breathe and maintain osmotic balance. Therefore, their skin is extremely sensitive to dehydration, requiring constant wetting. General anesthesia in amphibians is recommended for prolonged and painful procedures, as in the present case. Different anesthetics, analgesics, and associated drugs may be used. Ketamine is often used for chemical restraint in amphibians, and the induction and recovery times may vary due to sensitivity and drug resistance. Inhalational anesthesia with isoflurane may also be effective; in the present case, the anesthetic was administered using a mask placed on the frog's skin, without any irritation. Analgesia is essential for any animal, and amphibians have opioid receptors that may be used as targets of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents. As indicated for all species, the animal was monitored throughout the procedure. Assessment of heartbeat is the simplest way to monitor anesthesia using Doppler (on the heart or throat); in the present case, was placed on the axillary artery for clear auscultation. In addition, other parameters, such as temperature and primary respiratory movements, were monitored. Anesthetic recovery can take hours or even days, whereas excretion depends on the metabolic rate of each animal. In the present case, recovery was observed 4 h after completion of the procedure, using fresh water on the animal's body to accelerate recovery, as indicated in the literature. This case demonstrated that anesthesia and medications used for anesthesia induction, maintenance, and recovery are safe in toads. For cane toads, during femoral osteosynthesis, this anesthetic procedure has never been described previously in the literature. Finally, such information can aid veterinarians in performing safe and adequate analgesic and anesthetic procedures for the wellbeing of animals.

Assuntos

RESUMO

A parada cardiorrespiratória, definida por uma parada da ventilação espontânea e da circulação sistêmica está associada à morbidades frequentes em hospitais veterinários. Um cão da raça Pitbull, de um ano de idade foi atendido no Hospital Veterinário da UFSM, apresentando vômitos frequentes, mesmo após instituição de tratamento. Foi solicitado endoscopia onde, após anestesia observou-se grande quantidade de material estranho no estômago do paciente. Ao final do procedimento, o animal apresentou uma parada respiratória seguida de uma parada cardiorrespiratória,fato esse que podemos suspeitar de uma estimulação vagal ocasionada pela retirada dos objetos do estômago. Após parada foi realizada manobras para reversão do quadro, culminando em êxito. O objetivo é relatar uma bem sucedida reanimação cérebro-cardiopulmonar, discutir protocolo, bem como a qualidade de vida desse paciente atualmente.(AU)

Cardiorespiratory arrest, defined by a stop of spontaneous ventilation and systemic circulation is associated with frequent morbidities in veterinary hospitals. A one-year-old Pitbull dog was treated at the UFSM Veterinary Hospital, with frequent vomiting, even after institution of treatment.Endoscopy was requested where, after anesthesia, a large amount of foreign material was observed in the patient's stomach. At the end of the procedure, the animal presented a respiratory arrest followed by a cardiorespiratory arrest, a fact that we suspect a vagal stimulation caused by the with drawal of objects from the stomach. After stopping maneuvers were performed to reverse the frame, culminating in success. The goal is to report a successful brain- cardiopulmonary resuscitation, discuss protocol, as well as the quality of life of this patient currently.(AU)

La parada cardiorrespiratoria, definida por un tope de la ventilación espontánea y la circulación sistémica se asocia con morbilidades frecuentes en los hospitales veterinarios. Una raza de perro Pitbull, un ano de edad fue atendido en el Hospital Veterinario de la UFSM, con vómitos frecuentes,incluso después de la institución de tratamiento. Endoscopia se lepidió que, después de la anestesia se observó gran cantidad de material extraño en el estómago del paciente. Al final del procedimiento,el animal mostró paro respiratorio seguido de un paro cardíaco, un hecho que podemos sospechar una estimulación vagal causada por la retirada de objetos de estómago. Después de la detención se llevó a cabo maniobras para revertir el estado, que culminó con éxito. El objetivo es dar a conocer un éxito de la reanimación cardiopulmonar cerebral, discutir los protocolos, así como la calidad de vida de este paciente en la actualidd.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

A parada cardiorrespiratória, definida por uma parada da ventilação espontânea e da circulação sistêmica está associada à morbidades frequentes em hospitais veterinários. Um cão da raça Pitbull, de um ano de idade foi atendido no Hospital Veterinário da UFSM, apresentando vômitos frequentes, mesmo após instituição de tratamento. Foi solicitado endoscopia onde, após anestesia observou-se grande quantidade de material estranho no estômago do paciente. Ao final do procedimento, o animal apresentou uma parada respiratória seguida de uma parada cardiorrespiratória,fato esse que podemos suspeitar de uma estimulação vagal ocasionada pela retirada dos objetos do estômago. Após parada foi realizada manobras para reversão do quadro, culminando em êxito. O objetivo é relatar uma bem sucedida reanimação cérebro-cardiopulmonar, discutir protocolo, bem como a qualidade de vida desse paciente atualmente.

Cardiorespiratory arrest, defined by a stop of spontaneous ventilation and systemic circulation is associated with frequent morbidities in veterinary hospitals. A one-year-old Pitbull dog was treated at the UFSM Veterinary Hospital, with frequent vomiting, even after institution of treatment.Endoscopy was requested where, after anesthesia, a large amount of foreign material was observed in the patient's stomach. At the end of the procedure, the animal presented a respiratory arrest followed by a cardiorespiratory arrest, a fact that we suspect a vagal stimulation caused by the with drawal of objects from the stomach. After stopping maneuvers were performed to reverse the frame, culminating in success. The goal is to report a successful brain- cardiopulmonary resuscitation, discuss protocol, as well as the quality of life of this patient currently.

La parada cardiorrespiratoria, definida por un tope de la ventilación espontánea y la circulación sistémica se asocia con morbilidades frecuentes en los hospitales veterinarios. Una raza de perro Pitbull, un ano de edad fue atendido en el Hospital Veterinario de la UFSM, con vómitos frecuentes,incluso después de la institución de tratamiento. Endoscopia se lepidió que, después de la anestesia se observó gran cantidad de material extraño en el estómago del paciente. Al final del procedimiento,el animal mostró paro respiratorio seguido de un paro cardíaco, un hecho que podemos sospechar una estimulación vagal causada por la retirada de objetos de estómago. Después de la detención se llevó a cabo maniobras para revertir el estado, que culminó con éxito. El objetivo es dar a conocer un éxito de la reanimación cardiopulmonar cerebral, discutir los protocolos, así como la calidad de vida de este paciente en la actualidd.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Este trabalho enfatiza o tratamento da dor em um canino, macho, 8 anos de idade, que apresentava lesões em cerca de 40% da superfície corporal devido a queimadura provocada por fogo. Devido a intensidade da enfermidade, é necessário conhecer os mecanismos locais e sistêmicos da queimadura para uma analgesia adequada. O animal foi monitorado diariamente e avaliado através da escala analógica visual por profissional habilitado e treinado para tal, sendo este o suporte para a escolha do protocolo analgésico que baseou-se em tramadol 4 mg/kg a cada 8 horas (TID), cetamina 1mg/kg TID, dipirona 25 mg/kg TID e metadona 0,4 mg/kg a cada 6 horas (QID). Baseado nos resultados obtidos, o protocolo foi considerado adequado devido a remissão dos sinais de dor apresentado pelo animal diariamente, bem como pela não apresentação de efeitos adversos.(AU)

This work emphasizes the treatment of pain in an 8-year-old male canine, which had lesions on about 40% of the body surface due to fire-induced burns. Due to the intensity of the disease, it is necessary to know the local and systemic mechanisms of the burn for an adequate analgesia. The animal was monitored daily and evaluated through the visual analogs called by a trained and trained professional. This was the basis for choosing the analgesic protocol based on tramadol 4 mg/kg every 8 hours (TID), ketamine 1mg/kg TID, dipyrone 25 mg/kg TID and methadone 0.4 mg/kg every 6 hours (QID). Base don't he results obtained, the protocol was considered adequate due to the remission of the pain signals presented by the animal daily as well as by the non-presentation of adverse effects.(AU)

Este trabajo hace enfatiza el tratamiento del dolor en un perro, macho, 8 anos de edad, que presentaba lesiones en el 40% de la superficie corporal debido a las quemaduras causadas por el fuego. Debido a que la intensidad de la enfermedad, es necesario conocer los mecanismos locales y sistémicos de la quemadura para analgesia adecuada. El animal se controló diariamente y se evaluó por la escala visual analógica por un profesional calificado y entrenado para hacer, que es el soporte para la elección del protocolo analgésico tramadol se basó en 4 mg/kg cada 8 horas (TID), ketamina 1 mg/kg TID, dipirona 25 mg/kg tres veces ai día y la metadona 0,4 mg/kg cada 6 horas (QID). Basándose en los resultados, se consideró el protocolo apropiado a causa de la remisión de seriales de dolor presentados por el animal a diario y la no presentación de efectos adversos.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Este trabalho enfatiza o tratamento da dor em um canino, macho, 8 anos de idade, que apresentava lesões em cerca de 40% da superfície corporal devido a queimadura provocada por fogo. Devido a intensidade da enfermidade, é necessário conhecer os mecanismos locais e sistêmicos da queimadura para uma analgesia adequada. O animal foi monitorado diariamente e avaliado através da escala analógica visual por profissional habilitado e treinado para tal, sendo este o suporte para a escolha do protocolo analgésico que baseou-se em tramadol 4 mg/kg a cada 8 horas (TID), cetamina 1mg/kg TID, dipirona 25 mg/kg TID e metadona 0,4 mg/kg a cada 6 horas (QID). Baseado nos resultados obtidos, o protocolo foi considerado adequado devido a remissão dos sinais de dor apresentado pelo animal diariamente, bem como pela não apresentação de efeitos adversos.

This work emphasizes the treatment of pain in an 8-year-old male canine, which had lesions on about 40% of the body surface due to fire-induced burns. Due to the intensity of the disease, it is necessary to know the local and systemic mechanisms of the burn for an adequate analgesia. The animal was monitored daily and evaluated through the visual analogs called by a trained and trained professional. This was the basis for choosing the analgesic protocol based on tramadol 4 mg/kg every 8 hours (TID), ketamine 1mg/kg TID, dipyrone 25 mg/kg TID and methadone 0.4 mg/kg every 6 hours (QID). Base don't he results obtained, the protocol was considered adequate due to the remission of the pain signals presented by the animal daily as well as by the non-presentation of adverse effects.

Este trabajo hace enfatiza el tratamiento del dolor en un perro, macho, 8 anos de edad, que presentaba lesiones en el 40% de la superficie corporal debido a las quemaduras causadas por el fuego. Debido a que la intensidad de la enfermedad, es necesario conocer los mecanismos locales y sistémicos de la quemadura para analgesia adecuada. El animal se controló diariamente y se evaluó por la escala visual analógica por un profesional calificado y entrenado para hacer, que es el soporte para la elección del protocolo analgésico tramadol se basó en 4 mg/kg cada 8 horas (TID), ketamina 1 mg/kg TID, dipirona 25 mg/kg tres veces ai día y la metadona 0,4 mg/kg cada 6 horas (QID). Basándose en los resultados, se consideró el protocolo apropiado a causa de la remisión de seriales de dolor presentados por el animal a diario y la no presentación de efectos adversos.

Assuntos

RESUMO

ABSTRACT: Orthopedic diseases are common in dogs and cats, especially, those caused by traumatic injury. Overall, among the significant changes in this group, the fractures are the major cause of pain and dysfunction in dogs of all ages, sizes and breeds. Therefore, a retrospective study of dogs examined between January 2004 and December 2013 at the University Veterinary Hospital of Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, was conducted aiming to identify and determine the prevalence of appendicular fractures caused by trauma and characterizing the population/etiology. In a population of 1,200 dogs with suspected traumatic orthopedic diseases in the locomotor system, 955 (79.6%) had appendicular fractures. Of the dogs 23.5% had fractures on the femur (n=225), 23.4% had pelvic fractures (n=223), 22% had tibial and fibular fractures (n=210), 17.6% had radius and ulna fractures (n=168), 7.5% had humeral fractures (n=72) and 6% had distal limb fractures (tarsus, carpus, metacarpus, metatarsus and phalanges (n=57)). The most frequent cause was car accidents (72.2%). Most affected dogs were male (52.5%), juvenile (42%), mixed breed (51.4%) and small size (42.7%). In conclusion, the profile of dogs with fractures in the Central Region of Rio Grande do Sul State is: male dogs, mixed breed, immature and small size, presenting femoral fractures by car accident.

RESUMO: Doenças ortopédicas são comuns em cães e gatos, especialmente, aquelas causadas por lesões traumáticas. De forma geral, dentre as alterações significativas desta margem, apontam-se as fraturas como causa importante de dor e disfunção em cães de todas as idades, tamanhos e raças. Diante disso, um estudo retrospectivo de cães atendidos entre janeiro de 2004 e dezembro de 2013 no Hospital Veterinário Universitário da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, foi realizado, objetivando identificar e determinar a prevalência das fraturas apendiculares decorrentes de traumatismo, caracterizando a população e a etiologia. De um total de 1.200 cães com suspeita de doença ortopédica de origem traumática no sistema locomotor, 955 (79,6%) apresentaram fraturas apendiculares, sendo que 23,5% foram fraturas do fêmur (n=225), 23,4% fraturas da pelve (n=223), 22% fraturas da tíbia e da fíbula (n=210), 17,6% fraturas do rádio e da ulna (n=168), 7,5% fraturas do úmero (n=72) e 6% fraturas distais dos membros (tarso, carpo, metacarpo, metatarso e falanges (n=57)), decorrentes principalmente de acidentes automobilísticos (72,2%). Os cães mais afetados foram machos (52,5%), filhotes (42%), sem raça definida (51,4%), de porte pequeno (42,7%). Conclui-se que o perfil de cães com fraturas na Região Central do Rio Grande do Sul é: cães machos, sem raça definida, imaturos, de pequeno porte, apresentando fratura de fêmur por acidente automobilístico.

RESUMO

Orthopedic diseases are common in dogs and cats, especially, those caused by traumatic injury. Overall, among the significant changes in this group, the fractures are the major cause of pain and dysfunction in dogs of all ages, sizes and breeds. Therefore, a retrospective study of dogs examined between January 2004 and December 2013 at the University Veterinary Hospital of Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, was conducted aiming to identify and determine the prevalence of appendicular fractures caused by trauma and characterizing the population/etiology. In a population of 1,200 dogs with suspected traumatic orthopedic diseases in the locomotor system, 955 (79.6%) had appendicular fractures. Of the dogs 23.5% had fractures on the femur (n=225), 23.4% had pelvic fractures (n=223), 22% had tibial and fibular fractures (n=210), 17.6% had radius and ulna fractures (n=168), 7.5% had humeral fractures (n=72) and 6% had distal limb fractures (tarsus, carpus, metacarpus, metatarsus and phalanges (n=57)). The most frequent cause was car accidents (72.2%). Most affected dogs were male (52.5%), juvenile (42%), mixed breed (51.4%) and small size (42.7%). In conclusion, the profile of dogs with fractures in the Central Region of Rio Grande do Sul State is: male dogs, mixed breed, immature and small size, presenting femoral fractures by car accident.(AU)

Doenças ortopédicas são comuns em cães e gatos, especialmente, aquelas causadas por lesões traumáticas. De forma geral, dentre as alterações significativas desta margem, apontam-se as fraturas como causa importante de dor e disfunção em cães de todas as idades, tamanhos e raças. Diante disso, um estudo retrospectivo de cães atendidos entre janeiro de 2004 e dezembro de 2013 no Hospital Veterinário Universitário da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, foi realizado, objetivando identificar e determinar a prevalência das fraturas apendiculares decorrentes de traumatismo, caracterizando a população e a etiologia. De um total de 1.200 cães com suspeita de doença ortopédica de origem traumática no sistema locomotor, 955 (79,6%) apresentaram fraturas apendiculares, sendo que 23,5% foram fraturas do fêmur (n=225), 23,4% fraturas da pelve (n=223), 22% fraturas da tíbia e da fíbula (n=210), 17,6% fraturas do rádio e da ulna (n=168), 7,5% fraturas do úmero (n=72) e 6% fraturas distais dos membros (tarso, carpo, metacarpo, metatarso e falanges (n=57)), decorrentes principalmente de acidentes automobilísticos (72,2%). Os cães mais afetados foram machos (52,5%), filhotes (42%), sem raça definida (51,4%), de porte pequeno (42,7%). Conclui-se que o perfil de cães com fraturas na Região Central do Rio Grande do Sul é: cães machos, sem raça definida, imaturos, de pequeno porte, apresentando fratura de fêmur por acidente automobilístico.(AU)

Assuntos