RESUMO
BACKGROUND: With this study, we aim to determine the associations of the different categories of the body mass index (BMI) with activities of daily living (ADL) and cognitive performance in two different populations living in the community; Colombian and South Korean older adults. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of two surveys separately; The Survey on Health, Well-Being, and Aging in Colombia (SABE) (n = 23,343) and the Korean Longitudinal Study of aging (KLoSA) (n = 4556). Participants older than 50 years were selected from rural and urban areas achieving a representative sample. Here we investigated the association between BMI categories with function using zero-inflated negative binomial regressions, and with cognition using logistic regression models. RESULTS: After adjustment, in Colombia, underweight was associated with an impaired score on the Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) and worse performance in the instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). Also, being overweight was associated with a better score on the MMSE and the IADL. For both outcomes education level significantly influenced the predictions. In South Korea, there were no significant associations for cognition, IADL, or basic activities of daily living (BADL). CONCLUSIONS: In the Colombian population, underweight, was associated with reduced cognitive performance and daily functioning. Additionally, being overweight but not obese was associated with better cognition and daily functioning. In South Korea, there were no significant associations between BMI and cognition, IADL, or BADL.
Assuntos
Atividades Cotidianas , Cognição , Idoso , Índice de Massa Corporal , Colômbia/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , República da Coreia/epidemiologiaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Functional status decline is related to many negative outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship of sociodemographic, medical, and psychological factors with the incidence of functional status decline in Mexican older adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data from the 2012 and 2015 waves of the Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS) survey were analyzed. Participants with previous functional status decline at baseline were excluded. We assessed functional status decline individually with activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental ADL (IADLs) in an individual way. RESULTS: Age was associated with functional limitations in ADL. Being male had an association with limitations for IADL. A poor financial situation and lower education related to higher limitations for ADL. Furthermore, pain, comorbidities, and depression were found to be independently associated with limitations in ADL. IADL limitation was associated with age, poor education, comorbidities, and depression, as well as cognitive impairment. CONCLUSIONS: We found that factors such as age, financial status, educational level, pain, and the number of comorbidities were associated with the incidence of functional status decline. Pain had a greater association in the 3-year functional ADL decline incidence when compared with cognitive impairment. Studying functional decline by domains allowed us to find more detailed information to identify factors susceptible to intervention with the aim to reduce the incidence of functional status decline and dependence.
Introducción. El deterioro funcional está relacionado con muchos resultados adversos. Objetivo. Explorar la relación de los factores sociodemográficos, médicos y psicológicos con la incidencia del deterioro funcional en los adultos mayores mexicanos. Materiales y métodos. Se analizaron los datos de las cohortes de 2012 y 2015 de la encuesta del Estudio Mexicano de Salud y Envejecimiento. Se excluyeron los participantes con discapacidad funcional en el período de referencia (2012). Se evaluó de forma individual el deterioro funcional en las actividades básicas de la vida diaria (AVD) y en las instrumentales (AIVD). Resultados. Se encontró que el dolor, las comorbilidades, el nivel educativo, el estatus socioeconómico y la depresión se asociaban independientemente con el deterioro de las AVD. El deterioro de las AIVD se asoció con la edad, la educación deficiente, las comorbilidades, la depresión y el deterioro cognitivo. Conclusiones. La edad, el sexo, el estado financiero, el nivel educativo, el dolor y el número de comorbilidades se asociaron con la incidencia del deterioro funcional. El dolor tuvo una mayor asociación con la incidencia del deterioro funcional en las AVD a los tres años, en comparación con el deterioro cognitivo. El estudio del deterioro funcional por dominios permitió recabar información más detallada para determinar los factores que pueden intervenirse con el objetivo de reducir la incidencia del deterioro funcional y la dependencia.
Assuntos
Atividades Cotidianas , Vida Independente , Desempenho Físico Funcional , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Transtornos Cognitivos/complicações , Comorbidade , Depressão/complicações , Escolaridade , Feminino , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , México , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Dor/complicações , Fatores Sexuais , Fatores SocioeconômicosRESUMO
Introduction: Functional status decline is related to many negative outcomes. Objective: To explore the relationship of sociodemographic, medical, and psychological factors with the incidence of functional status decline in Mexican older adults. Materials and methods: Data from the 2012 and 2015 waves of the Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS) survey were analyzed. Participants with previous functional status decline at baseline were excluded. We assessed functional status decline individually with activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental ADL (IADLs) in an individual way. Results: Age was associated with functional limitations in ADL. Being male had an association with limitations for IADL. A poor financial situation and lower education related to higher limitations for ADL. Furthermore, pain, comorbidities, and depression were found to be independently associated with limitations in ADL. IADL limitation was associated with age, poor education, comorbidities, and depression, as well as cognitive impairment. Conclusions: We found that factors such as age, financial status, educational level, pain, and the number of comorbidities were associated with the incidence of functional status decline. Pain had a greater association in the 3-year functional ADL decline incidence when compared with cognitive impairment. Studying functional decline by domains allowed us to find more detailed information to identify factors susceptible to intervention with the aim to reduce the incidence of functional status decline and dependence.
Introducción. El deterioro funcional está relacionado con muchos resultados adversos. Objetivo. Explorar la relación de los factores sociodemográficos, médicos y psicológicos con la incidencia del deterioro funcional en los adultos mayores mexicanos. Materiales y métodos. Se analizaron los datos de las cohortes de 2012 y 2015 de la encuesta del Estudio Mexicano de Salud y Envejecimiento. Se excluyeron los participantes con discapacidad funcional en el período de referencia (2012). Se evaluó de forma individual el deterioro funcional en las actividades básicas de la vida diaria (AVD) y en las instrumentales (AIVD). Resultados. Se encontró que el dolor, las comorbilidades, el nivel educativo, el estatus socioeconómico y la depresión se asociaban independientemente con el deterioro de las AVD. El deterioro de las AIVD se asoció con la edad, la educación deficiente, las comorbilidades, la depresión y el deterioro cognitivo. Conclusiones. La edad, el sexo, el estado financiero, el nivel educativo, el dolor y el número de comorbilidades se asociaron con la incidencia del deterioro funcional. El dolor tuvo una mayor asociación con la incidencia del deterioro funcional en las AVD a los tres años, en comparación con el deterioro cognitivo. El estudio del deterioro funcional por dominios permitió recabar información más detallada para determinar los factores que pueden intervenirse con el objetivo de reducir la incidencia del deterioro funcional y la dependencia.
Assuntos
Idoso , Atividades Cotidianas , Dor , Saúde PúblicaRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Age-related hearing loss is a prevalent condition among the growing elderly population, which has been associated with both cognitive decline and decreased daily functioning. Decreased functioning is linked to lower performance, predominantly regarding instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs). The present study aims to explore the association between hearing loss and impairment in IADLs. METHODS: This is a secondary analysis of The Health, Well-Being, and Aging Colombia study, performed in 2015. Participants were classified into three groups: 1) without hearing loss, 2) hearing loss corrected through the use of a hearing aid, and 3) hearing loss without a hearing aid. Bivariate and adjusted multivariate analyses were performed. The measured outcome was IADLs. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Information from a total of 23,694 community-dwelling Colombian older adults (age ≥ 60 years) was used. The prevalence of hearing impairment was 23.4%, 1.8% out of those reported the use of hearing aids. Independent associations were found for having impaired IADLs when comparing participants with hearing loss without a hearing aid and those with normal hearing. However, there was no statistical significance with respect to IADLs when comparing hearing loss corrected by hearing aids versus participants with normal hearing. Participants using hearing aids have better functioning evaluated by IADLs when compared with participants with hearing impairment and no hearing aids. CONCLUSION: This study evidences a positive association between hearing impairment and performance in the IADLs. This association is not significant in older adults using hearing aids.