Assuntos
Conjuntivite Bacteriana/diagnóstico , Infecções por Haemophilus/diagnóstico , Púrpura/diagnóstico , Testes de Aglutinação , Brasil , Conjuntivite Bacteriana/etiologia , Infecções por Haemophilus/complicações , Haemophilus influenzae/genética , Haemophilus influenzae/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Técnicas Imunoenzimáticas , Testes de Fixação do Látex , Programas de Rastreamento , Púrpura/etiologia , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeRESUMO
Brazilian purpuric fever (BPF) is a recently recognized fulminant pediatric disease characterized by fever, with rapid progression to purpura, hypotensive shock, and death. BPF is usually preceded by purulent conjunctivitis that has resolved before the onset of fever. Both the conjunctivitis and BPF are caused by Haemophilus influenzae biogroup aegyptius (formerly called H. aegyptius). Isolates from 15 BPF cases, mainly from blood or hemorrhagic cerebrospinal fluid, case-associated isolates from 42 persons in towns where BPF cases occurred, and control strains from 32 persons in towns without BPF cases were characterized biochemically, genetically, and epidemiologically. Results indicated that a single clone was responsible for all BPF cases identified in six Brazilian towns from 1984 through 1986. All of 15 (100%) case strains were the same clone as was 1 of 32 (3%) control strains (P = less than 10(-8). Isolates of the clone were preferentially intrarelated by DNA hybridization (99% relatedness, hydroxyapatite method at 60 and 75 degrees C) and were separable from other H. influenzae biogroup aegyptius strains (approximately 90% relatedness at 60 degrees C and 82% relatedness at 75 degrees C). All isolates of the BPF clone and no other strains contained a 24-megadalton plasmid of restriction endonuclease type 3031, were of a single multilocus enzyme mobility type, were of a single sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis type, and were in one of two ribosomal DNA restriction patterns. All BPF clone isolates reacted with monoclonal antibodies produced from a case strain; only 3 of 62 (5%) other strains reacted with this monoclonal antibody. Ninety percent of BPF clone strains and 27% of other strains were relatively resistant to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim.
Assuntos
Conjuntivite Bacteriana/microbiologia , Infecções por Haemophilus/microbiologia , Haemophilus influenzae/classificação , Púrpura/microbiologia , Proteínas de Bactérias/análise , Brasil , Criança , DNA Bacteriano/análise , DNA Bacteriano/genética , DNA Ribossômico/análise , Eletroforese em Gel de Ágar , Eletroforese em Gel de Poliacrilamida , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Haemophilus influenzae/genética , Haemophilus influenzae/imunologia , Haemophilus influenzae/patogenicidade , Humanos , Proteínas de Membrana/análise , Hibridização de Ácido Nucleico , Plasmídeos , Terminologia como Assunto , VirulênciaRESUMO
Pyoderma was studied among a representative sample of the residents of four remote Amerindian villages, Amazonas State, Brazil, during July-August 1976. The overall prevalence among the 775 inhabitants examined was 11%, with little intervillage variation. When the attack rates for the entire sample population were calculated by 5-year age intervals, the 0- to 4-year-olds had the highest rate, 31%. The highest prevalence, 38%, was found among 3-year-olds. Attack rates were not apparently related to sex. Cultures which were taken from representative pyoderma lesions from people in the four survey villages and from three additional villages were studied by a modified delayed culture technique for recovery of gram-positive pathogens from silica-gel desiccated swabs. Group A and group G B-hemolytic streptococci, coagulase positive Staphylococcus aureus, and Corynebacterium diphtheriae were isolated. Group A S. pyogenes was most commonly found, occasionally as the sole pathogenic species. No nephritogenic M-types were found, although most isolates were not M-typable. The T-types found corresponded to those previously reported as being pyoderma-associated. Most pyoderma-associated C. diphtheriae isolates were non-toxigenic. Biotypes gravis and mitis were equally represented.
Assuntos
Indígenas Sul-Americanos , Pioderma/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Brasil , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Corynebacterium diphtheriae/isolamento & purificação , Feminino , Humanos , Impetigo/epidemiologia , Lactente , Masculino , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Pioderma/microbiologia , Sorotipagem , Pele/microbiologia , Staphylococcus aureus/isolamento & purificação , Streptococcus pyogenes/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
Corynebacterium diphtheriae was isolated from pyoderma and ulcerative skin lesions with a modified delayed culture procedure as late as 9 weeks after field collection of silica gel-desiccated swabs. Biotypes gravis and mitis were identified. Most isolates were nontoxigenic. Todd-Hewitt broth enrichment enhanced recovery of C. diphtheriae by 70%.