RESUMO
Male fertility is the ability of sperm to fertilize the egg and sustain embryo development. Several factors determine the fertilizing capacity of mammalian sperm, including those intrinsic to sperm and components of the seminal plasma. The present study analyzed the seminal fluid proteome of Bos taurus and potential associations between proteins and fertility scores. Mass spectrometry coupled with nano HPLC allowed the identification of 1,159 proteins in the dairy bull seminal plasma. There were 50 and 29 seminal proteins more abundant in high (HF) low fertility (LF) bulls, respectively. Based on multivariate analysis, C-type natriuretic peptide, TIMP-2, BSP5 and sulfhydryl oxidase indicated relationship with HF bulls. Clusterin, tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2, galectin-3-binding protein and 5'-nucleotidase were associated with LF bulls. Abundance of NAD(P)(+)-arginine ADP-ribosyltransferase, prosaposin and transmembrane protein 2 proteins had the highest positive correlations with fertility ranking. Quantities of vitamin D-binding protein, nucleotide exchange factor SIL1 and galectin-3-binding protein showed the highest negative correlations with fertility ranking. A fertility ranking score was calculated and the relationship with these proteins was significant (Spearman's rho = 0.94). The present findings represent a major and novel contribution to the study of bovine seminal proteins. Indicators of fertility can be used to improve reproductive biotechnologies.
Assuntos
Indústria de Laticínios , Fertilidade , Proteômica , Sêmen/metabolismo , Animais , Bovinos , Masculino , Fenótipo , Mapeamento de Interação de ProteínasRESUMO
Trypanosoma cruzi depends on the effectiveness of redox metabolism to survive and ensure infection in the host. Homeostasis of redox metabolism in T. cruzi is achieved by the actions of several proteins that differ in many aspects from host proteins. Although extensive research has been performed examining hydroperoxide cytosolic antioxidant defense centered on trypanothione, the mechanisms of mitochondrial antioxidant defense are not yet known. The aim of this study was to elucidate the partners of TcMPx antioxidant pathway and to determine the influence of the cellular context (physiological versus oxidative stress). Through co-precipitation coupled with a mass spectrometry approach, a variety of proteins were detected under physiological and oxidative stress conditions. Interestingly, functional category analysis of the proteins identified under physiological conditions showed that they were involved in the stress response, oxidoreduction, thiol transfer, and metabolic processes; this profile is distinct under oxidative stress conditions likely due to structural alterations. Our findings help to elucidate the reactions involving TcMPx and most importantly also reveal that this protein is present throughout the cell and that its interaction partners change following oxidative stress exposure. The involvement and significance of the proteins found to interact with TcMPx and other possible functions for this protein are discussed widening our knowledge regarding T. cruzi mitochondrial antioxidant defenses.
Assuntos
Mitocôndrias/enzimologia , Proteínas Mitocondriais/metabolismo , Peroxidases/metabolismo , Proteínas de Protozoários/metabolismo , Trypanosoma cruzi/metabolismo , Proteínas de Transporte/genética , Proteínas de Transporte/metabolismo , Cromatografia Líquida , Eletroforese em Gel Bidimensional , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/farmacologia , Microscopia Confocal , Proteínas Mitocondriais/genética , Oxidantes/farmacologia , Peroxidases/genética , Ligação Proteica/efeitos dos fármacos , Mapas de Interação de Proteínas , Proteoma/genética , Proteoma/metabolismo , Proteômica/métodos , Proteínas de Protozoários/genética , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem , Trypanosoma cruzi/enzimologia , Trypanosoma cruzi/genéticaRESUMO
We evaluated the effects of recreational football training combined with calorie-restricted diet (football + diet) vs calorie-restricted diet alone (diet) on aerobic fitness, lipid profile, and insulin resistance indicators in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients. Forty-four T2D patients aged 48-68 years (27 females, 17 males) were randomly allocated to the football + diet group (FDG; n = 22) or to the diet group (DG; n = 22), of whom 19 FDG and 15 DG subjects completed the study. The football training was performed for 3 × 40 min/week for 12 weeks. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanning, treadmill testing, and fasting blood samplings were performed pre and post-intervention. After 12 weeks, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max ) was elevated (P < 0.05) by 10 ± 4% in FDG but not in DG (-3 ± 4%, P < 0.05). After 12 weeks, reductions in blood triglycerides (0.4 ± 0.1 mmol/L), total cholesterol (0.6 ± 0.2 mmol/L), low-density lipoprotein, and very low-density lipoprotein levels were observed only in FDG. Fat mass decreased (P < 0.05) by 3.4 ± 0.4 kg in FDG and 3.7 ± 0.4 kg in DG. The lower (P < 0.05) glucagon and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance indicated an improvement in insulin sensitivity in FDG. In conclusion, football combined with restricted diet was effective in enhancing VO2max , reducing total cholesterol and triglycerides, and increasing insulin sensitivity, potentially providing better tools for the prevention of T2D complications than diet alone.
Assuntos
Colesterol/sangue , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/terapia , Terapia por Exercício/métodos , Resistência à Insulina , Aptidão Física , Futebol/fisiologia , Triglicerídeos/sangue , Idoso , Biomarcadores/sangue , Glicemia/metabolismo , Brasil , Restrição Calórica , Terapia Combinada , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/sangue , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Frequência Cardíaca , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Consumo de Oxigênio , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of overweight individuals has increased in recent years. Moreover, the importance of a healthy diet is associated with the practice of physical activity and attempt to verify the achievement of physical exercise influences on food choice. However, it relationship between food intake and physical activity have not been studied. AIM: To evaluate if the period in which the trainings are conducted, morning and nocturne, interfere qualitatively and quantitatively in food consumption as well as verify possible associations between anthropometric profiles and dietary habits. METHODS: We collected data from 33 adult volunteers, between men and women, practitioners of bodybuilding. RESULTS: A total of 33 volunteers were interviewed (18 (54.5%) were men and 15 (45.5%) were women). Regarding anthropometric data, it turns out that that the volunteers of the two periods had similar characteristics, differentiating only weight. The consumption of nutritional supplements was observed in 30.77% of the practitioners in the morning period vs. 35% for the nocturne. Considering macronutrient intake, there was a significant difference in the consumption of protein between the periods. The consumption during nocturne period was greater (126 ± 5% of the daily requirement) than the morning period (115.7 ± 2%). As for micro-nutrients, calcium intake was greater among men when compared to women. There was a positive correlation between the BMI, and arm circumference for practitioners of the morning period. CONCLUSION: This study show that the practitioners who train in the morning have quietly better eating habits than those in the nocturne period, however both are inappropriate.
Assuntos
Índice de Massa Corporal , Fibras na Dieta/farmacologia , Dobras Cutâneas , Levantamento de Peso/fisiologia , Adulto , Antropometria , Dieta , Ingestão de Alimentos , Comportamento Alimentar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The measurement of waist circumference (WC) is the most prevalent cause of the metabolic syndrome (MS). OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to correlate WC and BMI with high-density lipoprotein (HDL-c) levels in patients with MS being consulted by the Family Health Program (PSF), Brazil. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted from September to November 2008 with 42 patients (29 women and 13 men) from 35 to 77 years. Dietary intake was reported, and biochemical and body composition measures were taken. RESULTS: The HDL-c levels were higher in women when compared to men (48.4 ± 8.1 mg/dL vs. 36.4 ± 7.8 mg/dL). However, the triglycerides (TG)/HDL-c ratio and TG concentrations were lower in women (3.8 ± 1.5 and 178.0 ± 57.8 mg/dL, respectively) than in men (9.4 ± 8.5 and 471.5 ± 501.5 mg/dL, respectively). Regarding skinfold profile, the triceps was greater in females (37.0 ± 8.4 cm vs. 20.7 ± 10.5 cm). The dietetic profile showed that women had a lower intake of energy, fiber, phosphorus and sodium. The fruits and vegetables intake was diminished in the participants of this study, as less than 60% of the women and 50% of men met the daily recommendations. Approximately 54% of men and 28% of women had a lower intake of dairy products daily. Moreover, the results shows that the WC was negatively correlated to HDL-c (r = -0.41, p < 0.05) whereas the BMI is not associated with HDL-c (r = -0.34, p > 0.06). CONCLUSION: Our findings showed that WC is a better predictor of changes in HDL-c than BMI.
Assuntos
Índice de Massa Corporal , Lipoproteínas HDL/sangue , Síndrome Metabólica/sangue , Síndrome Metabólica/patologia , Circunferência da Cintura/fisiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Composição Corporal/fisiologia , Brasil , Estudos Transversais , Laticínios , Dieta , Ingestão de Alimentos , Ingestão de Energia , Feminino , Frutas , Humanos , Masculino , Carne , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade/diagnóstico , Dobras Cutâneas , Verduras , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Cassava roots have a low-protein content (0.7-2%). Amino acids such as lysine and methionine are also low, and some research reports have indicated the absence of methionine. The amino acid profiles of a common cassava cultivar and an interspecific hybrid, namely ICB 300, were determined using the computerized amino acid analyzer Hitachi L-8500. The interspecific hybrid has 10 times more lysine and 3 times more methionine than the common cassava cultivar: lysine content was 0.010 g per 100 g in the common cassava cultivar while it reached 0.098 in the interspecific hybrid. Methionine in the common cassava cultivar was 0.014 g per 100 g whereas it reached 0.041 g per 100 g in the interspecific hybrid. Total amino acid content in the common cassava cultivar was 0.254 g per 100 g viz. a viz. 1.664 g per 100 g in the interspecific hybrid. The genetic variability of the profile and quantity of amino acids indicate the feasibility of selecting interspecific hybrids that are rich in both crude protein and amino acids. This is the first report of high true protein in cassava root.
Assuntos
Aminoácidos/análise , Manihot/química , Manihot/genética , Proteínas Alimentares/análise , Hibridização Genética , Lisina/análise , Metionina/análise , Necessidades Nutricionais , Raízes de Plantas/químicaRESUMO
Cassava roots have a low-protein content (0.7-2%). Amino acids such as lysine and methionine are also low, and some research reports have indicated the absence of methionine. The amino acid profiles of a common cassava cultivar and an interspecific hybrid, namely ICB 300, were determined using the computerized amino acid analyzer Hitachi L-8500. The interspecific hybrid has 10 times more lysine and 3 times more methionine than the common cassava cultivar: lysine content was 0.010 g per 100 g in the common cassava cultivar while it reached 0.098 in the interspecific hybrid. Methionine in the common cassava cultivar was 0.014 g per 100 g whereas it reached 0.041 g per 100 g in the interspecific hybrid. Total amino acid content in the common cassava cultivar was 0.254 g per 100 g viz. a viz. 1.664 g per 100 g in the interspecific hybrid. The genetic variability of the profile and quantity of amino acids indicate the feasibility of selecting interspecific hybrids that are rich in both crude protein and amino acids. This is the first report of high true protein in cassava root.
Assuntos
Aminoácidos/análise , Manihot/química , Manihot/genética , Hibridização Genética , Lisina/análise , Metionina/análise , Necessidades Nutricionais , Proteínas Alimentares/análise , Raízes de Plantas/químicaRESUMO
Estimaram-se as correlações entre fertilidade e concentrações de proteínas, açúcares redutores e 17 tipos de aminoácidos livres do plasma seminal de 19 touros Nelore, adultos, doadores de sêmen de alta qualidade segundo as análises físicas e morfológicas. O escore de fertilidade foi estimado de acordo com a porcentagem de gestação das fêmeas cobertas em três estações de monta consecutivas, por inseminação artificial ou monta natural. Foi observada alta variabilidade na concentração das moléculas analisadas nas amostras. O coeficiente de correlação estimado entre concentrações de proteína e de açúcares redutores foi de 0,90. Individualmente, nenhum dos componentes quantificados apresentou correlação significativa com a fertilidade dos touros.
Assuntos
Animais , Bovinos , Fertilidade , SêmenRESUMO
Correlations between fertility and the concentrations of proteins, reducing sugars and 17 types of free amino acids in the seminal plasma of Nelore bulls were estimated. The samples were collected from 19 bulls that had high quality semen, according to physical and morphological analyses. The bulls had their fertility scores estimated based on the pregnancy of the females mated to them during three consecutive breeding seasons, either by artificial insemination or by natural breeding. A large variability in the concentrations of the molecules was observed among the samples and a significant correlation coefficient (r= 0.90) between levels of proteins and reducing sugars was estimated. None of the components showed a significant correlation with fertility.(AU)
Estimaram-se as correlações entre fertilidade e concentrações de proteínas, açúcares redutores e 17 tipos de aminoácidos livres do plasma seminal de 19 touros Nelore, adultos, doadores de sêmen de alta qualidade segundo as análises físicas e morfológicas. O escore de fertilidade foi estimado de acordo com a porcentagem de gestação das fêmeas cobertas em três estações de monta consecutivas, por inseminação artificial ou monta natural. Foi observada alta variabilidade na concentração das moléculas analisadas nas amostras. O coeficiente de correlação estimado entre concentrações de proteína e de açúcares redutores foi de 0,90. Individualmente, nenhum dos componentes quantificados apresentou correlação significativa com a fertilidade dos touros.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Bovinos , Sêmen , FertilidadeRESUMO
Arginine, as a basic amino acid, can alter the pH of a parenteral solution and consequently to interfere in the stability of other amino acids. The objective of this study was to analyze the chemical stability of amino acids in solutions for parenteral nutrition with arginine supplementation. Amino acids concentrations were determined using an amino acid analyzer in intervals of 12, 36, 72 hours, 7 and 28 days. Storage temperatures were -20 degrees C, 5 degrees C and 25 degrees C. A decrease was observed (p < 0.05) in the concentrations of threonine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, proline and lysine on the 28th day of study, in the solutions kept at 25 degrees C. The side chains of threonine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, proline and lysine have hydrophobic groups, which renders them less soluble in water when compared to amino acids that have polar side chains. The degradation of lysine was significant in the sample of parenteral nutrition supplemented with arginine, possibly due to the fact that the solution's pH was between 7.5 and 7.6, therefore facilitating the Maillard reaction between lysine and glucose.