RESUMO
Gallic acid (GA) is a powerful antioxidant extracted from plants of the Brazilian Cerrado. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the occurrence of radiation-induced osteonecrosis in patients treated for head and neck cancer. There is a need to develop research aimed at developing complementary therapies to prevent or reverse bone damage. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of GA in preosteoblasts exposed to therapeutic ionizing radiation. MC3T3-E1 preosteoblast cells were treated with 10 µM GA and exposed to 6 Gy ionizing radiation. We performed in vitro assays of cell proliferation, oxidative stress analysis by detection of reactive oxygen species, and alkaline phosphatase assay. GA at lower concentrations was able to significantly increase proliferation and inhibit radiation-induced generation of reactive oxygen species in osteoblast precursor cells, despite ionizing radiation-induced injury. Furthermore, GA significantly increased alkaline phosphatase at a dose of 6 Gy. The findings suggested that GA could attenuate ionizing radiation-induced injuries in osteoblast precursor cells. Moreover, in vivo studies are needed to better investigate the role of GA in osteonecrosis, especially in cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy or taking antiresorptive drugs.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Lipogenesis is a process that involves the fatty acids synthesis. Resveratrol and enalapril have been studied for their beneficial physiological properties on the glucose and lipid metabolism. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the oral administration of resveratrol and enalapril effects on glucose and lipid metabolism, evaluating the white pad lipogenesis genes expression in mice. METHODS: Swiss male mice were divided into four groups and treated for eight weeks as follows: Standard diet ad libitum (G1); Standard diet + Resveratrol (G2); Standard diet + Enalapril (G3); Standard diet + Resveratrol + Enalapril (G4), where resveratrol was administered with the food and enalapril with the water. Body weight, lipid profile, adiposity, glycemic parameters and epididymal adipocytes area were assessed. The expression levels of FAS, ACC, PPARγ and SREBP-1c were assessed by RT-PCR. RESULTS: The main findings showed an improvement in the insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance in the group G2 as compared to G1. Similar results were found for the fasting glucose levels. Decreased triglycerides were observed in the animals treated with resveratrol and enalapril, along with decreased weight of the epididymal adipose tissue in the animals of the G2 group. A mild reduction in the group G4 as compared to the group G1 was observed. Decreased mRNA expression of FAS, ACC and PPARγ in the G4 group when compared to the G1 group were observed. CONCLUSION: In conclusion the resveratrol and enalapril association improved the glucose and lipid profiles by modulating the expression of some lipogenesis genes, which are critical regulators of metabolic homeostasis.
Assuntos
Inibidores da Enzima Conversora de Angiotensina/farmacologia , Glicemia/metabolismo , Enalapril/farmacologia , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacos , Estilbenos/farmacologia , Adipócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Adipócitos/metabolismo , Adipogenia/efeitos dos fármacos , Tecido Adiposo Branco/efeitos dos fármacos , Tecido Adiposo Branco/metabolismo , Animais , Peso Corporal , Dieta Hiperlipídica , Humanos , Resistência à Insulina , Lipogênese/efeitos dos fármacos , Lipogênese/genética , Masculino , Camundongos , ResveratrolRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Visceral obesity has been considered a risk factor for metabolic and cardiovascular complications. In an attempt to reduce the visceral adipose tissue, omentectomy has been proposed to be performed along with bariatric surgery. OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to evaluate whether omentectomy associated with sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is beneficial to the inflammatory and metabolic profile of rats fed a standard diet (STD) or high-fat diet (HFD). SETTING: University hospital, Brazil. METHODS: For this experiment, male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups as follows: sham surgery (STD+L or HFD+L), SG alone (STD+SG or HFD+SG), or SG with omentectomy (STD+SGO or HFD+SGO). Anthropometric data and metabolic profiles were evaluated, and the tissue expression of inflammatory markers in the visceral adipose tissue was measured. RESULTS: In rats with diet-induced obesity treated with SG with or without omentectomy, there was a reduction in weight (HFD+SG: P<.01 and HFD+SGO: P<.05), adiposity (HFD+SG: P<.001 and HFD+SGO: P<.05), plasma levels of glucose (HFD+SG: P<.01 and HFD+SGO: P<.01), plasma levels of C-peptide (HFD+SG: P<.01 and HFD+SGO: P<.001), plasma levels of insulin (HFD+SG: P<.05 and HFD+SGO: P<.001), plasma levels of total cholesterol (HFD+SG: P<.01 and HFD+SGO: P<.01), and tissue expression of TNF-α (HFD+SG: P<.001 and HFD+SGO: P<.01), but there was no statistically significant difference between the groups in which omentectomy was performed or was not. CONCLUSION: In this study, we did not observe additional beneficial effects due to omentectomy associated with SG in the metabolic profile and tissue expression of inflammatory markers.
Assuntos
Cirurgia Bariátrica/métodos , Gastrectomia/métodos , Obesidade Mórbida/cirurgia , Omento/cirurgia , Animais , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Colesterol/metabolismo , Citocinas/metabolismo , Dieta Hiperlipídica , Gordura Intra-Abdominal/anatomia & histologia , Masculino , Distribuição Aleatória , Ratos Wistar , Redução de Peso/fisiologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of RAS components and SIRTs enzymes in the adipose tissue of mice fed diets with different macronutrient composition. DESIGN AND METHODS: The body weight, food intake, and energy intake (kcal) were evaluated. Blood parameters (insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance, total cholesterol, HDL-C triglyceride, and glucose levels) were also assessed. Real-time PCR was performed in epididymal adipose tissue samples to analyze the expression of renin, angiotensinogen (AGT), angiotensin-converting enzyme 1 and 2 (ACE and ACE2), and SIRTs 1-7. Male FVB/N mice were divided into 5 groups (N = 10 each) that were fed with experimental diets for 60 days. Test diets were divided into standard (ST), AIN-93M, high glucose (HG), high protein (HP) and high lipid (HL). RESULTS: The main results showed that HL diet treatment induced reduction in HDL-C and triglyceride plasma levels; increased ACE (Ang II marker) expression and decreased ACE2 (Ang-[1-7] catalyzer) expression in adipose tissue; and also increased SIRT4 expression. CONCLUSION: Diets with high lipid content induced a degenerative state associated with deregulation of adipose tissue enzymes expression.