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INTRODUCTION: Although some studies have reported the association between uric acid (UA) and hypertension, evidence on prehypertension is still lacking. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the levels of UA and other cardiovascular markers among prehypertensive and hypertensive patients and assess their risk for developing arterial hypertension. METHODS: 157 individuals were recruited: 67 normotensive, 23 pre-hypertensive and 67 hypertensive. Blood samples were collected to measure biochemical parameters and anthropometric measurements and blood pressure were evaluated. We calculated the product of lipid accumulation and the visceral adiposity index to assess cardiovascular risk. RESULTS: Our data showed an increase in UA levels in normotensives (4.9±1.3mg/dL), prehypertensives (5.2±1.3mg/dL) and hypertensives (5.9±1.6mg/dL) (p=0.004). We found a higher frequency of hyperuricemia in the hypertensive group (34.3%) than in the normotensive group (13.4%, p<0.05). Hypertensive volunteers had lower levels of HDL-C (p=0.004 and p=0.003) and higher body mass indexes (p<0.001 and p=0.007), glucose (p<0.001 and p=0.033), triglycerides (p=0.001 and p=0.005), visceral adiposity index (p<0.001 and p=0.002) and lipid accumulation product (p<0.001 and p=0.007) than normotensive and prehypertensive participants. We also observed that individuals with UA≥6.2mg/dL had an increased risk of hypertension of 4.77 (p=0.003) compared to individuals with levels≤4.3mg/dL. CONCLUSION: Our results showed that UA is associated with increased blood pressure and unfavorable changes in anthropometric and biochemical parameters, which represent risk factors for hypertension and cardiovascular diseases.

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The riverine population of the Amazon Basin are among the largest consumers of fish in the world, but the consumption patterns could be regionally distinct. Moreover, their total fish catches are not fully known. The objective of this work was to estimate the per capita fish consumption of the riverine people that inhabit the Paciência Island (Iranduba, Amazonas), where there is a fishing agreement in force. A total of 273 questionnaires were applied during the first two weeks of each month between April 2021 and March 2022. The sample unit was the residences. The questionnaire contained questions about the species captured and their quantities. Consumption was calculated by dividing the average monthly capture with the average number of residents per household interviewed, which was multiplied by the number of questionnaires applied. Thirty groups of consumed fish species belonging to 17 families and 5 orders were recorded. The total catch was 3,388.35 kg and the highest monthly catch was 602.60 kg during the falling-water season in October. Daily per capita fish consumption averaged 66.13 ± 29.21 g/day, with a peak of 116.45 g/day during the falling-water season in August. The high fish consumption rate highlighted the importance of fisheries management to food security and the maintenance of the community's lifestyle.

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The riverine population of the Amazon Basin are among the largest consumers of fish in the world, but the consumption patterns could be regionally distinct. Moreover, their total fish catches are not fully known. The objective of this work was to estimate the per capita fish consumption of the riverine people that inhabit the Paciência Island (Iranduba, Amazonas), where there is a fishing agreement in force. A total of 273 questionnaires were applied during the first two weeks of each month between April 2021 and March 2022. The sample unit was the residences. The questionnaire contained questions about the species captured and their quantities. Consumption was calculated by dividing the average monthly capture with the average number of residents per household interviewed, which was multiplied by the number of questionnaires applied. Thirty groups of consumed fish species belonging to 17 families and 5 orders were recorded. The total catch was 3,388.35 kg and the highest monthly catch was 602.60 kg during the falling-water season in October. Daily per capita fish consumption averaged 66.13 ± 29.21 g/day, with a peak of 116.45 g/day during the falling-water season in August. The high fish consumption rate highlighted the importance of fisheries management to food security and the maintenance of the community's lifestyle.

As populações amazônicas são uma das maiores consumidoras de pescado do mundo, contudo os padrões de consumo podem ser regionalmente distintos. Além disso, as capturas totais não são totalmente conhecidas. O objetivo do trabalho foi estimar o consumo per capita e as capturas de pescado por ribeirinhos residentes na Ilha da Paciência (Iranduba, Amazonas), onde há um acordo de pesca vigente. Foram aplicados no total 273 questionários durante as duas primeiras semanas de cada mês entre abril de 2021 e março de 2022. A unidade amostral foram as residências. O questionário continha perguntas sobre as espécies capturadas e respectivas quantidades. O consumo foi calculado pela divisão entre a média de captura mensal com a média de moradores por residência entrevistada que foi multiplicada pelo número de questionários aplicados. Foram registrados 30 grupos de espécies de peixes consumidos pertencentes a 17 famílias e 5 ordens. A captura total foi de 3.388,35 kg e a maior captura mensal foi de 602,60 kg durante a vazante no mês de outubro. O consumo de pescado per capita diário foi em média 66,13 ± 29,21 g/dia, com pico de 116,45 g/dia durante a vazante no mês de agosto. A alta taxa de consumo de pescado mostra a importância do manejo pesqueiro para a segurança alimentar e a manutenção do estilo de vida da comunidade.

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OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate anthropometric, biochemical and clinical parameters in climacteric yoga practitioners. METHODS: This study investigated 108 climacteric women. We recruited 28 women between 40 and 65 years old who started yoga practices in premenopause and had already practiced for at least 5 years. As controls, we selected 30 physical activity (PA) practitioners who had practiced for at least 5 years and 50 sedentary women in the same age range. We conduced anthropometric, biochemical and blood pressure measurements. RESULTS: The yoga group had significantly lower fasting blood glucose than the PA practitioners and sedentary women. Yoga practitioners also had lower weight, body mass index, waist circumference, body fat percentage and waist-to-height ratio; higher levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; lower levels of triglycerides, insulin, Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance, uric acid, apolipoprotein B and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; and lower frequency of metabolic syndrome, lipid accumulation product, visceral adiposity index and systolic blood pressure than the sedentary women. CONCLUSION: Yoga practitioners had lower glucose serum concentrations than the PA practitioners and sedentary women. Overall, the yoga group also had better anthropometric, biochemical and clinical variables than the other groups. Although further investigation is required, yoga practice in premenopause seems to be beneficial for women when they reach menopause.

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A nitrogen supply is necessary for all plants. The multifaceted reasons why this nutrient stimulates plant dry weight accumulation are assessed herein. We compared tomato plants grown in full sunlight and in low light environments under four N doses and evaluated plant growth, photosynthetic and calorimetric parameters, leaf anatomy, chloroplast transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and a high resolution profile of optical leaf properties. Increases in N supplies allow tomato plants to grow faster in low light environments (91.5% shading), displaying a robust light harvesting machinery and, consequently, improved light harvesting efficiency. Ultrastructurally, high N doses were associated to a high number of grana per chloroplast and greater thylakoid stacking, as well as high electrodensity by TEM. Robust photosynthetic machinery improves green light absorption, but not blue or red. In addition, low construction and dark respiration costs were related to improved total dry weight accumulation in shade conditions. By applying multivariate analyses, we conclude that improved green light absorbance, improved quantum yield and greater palisade parenchyma cell area are the primary components that drive increased plant growth under natural light-limited photosynthesis.

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Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar o processo de cicatrização de feridas de coelhos tratadas com extrato de barbatimão (S. adstringens) associado a células mononucleares autólogas da medula óssea (CMMO). Utilizaram-se 20 coelhos, distribuídos em quatro grupos: B, extrato de barbatimão; CB, CMMO com extrato de barbatimão; CS, CMMO com solução fisiológica; S, solução fisiológica. Foi avaliada a presença de crosta, hiperemia, secreção, hemorragia, reepitelização, área da ferida e tempo de cicatrização. No terceiro, sétimo, 14º e 21º dias pós-operatório, realizou-se a biópsia das feridas e avaliaram-se os indicadores dos processos de inflamação e de reparo, com destaque para o colágeno, na coloração picrosírius, bem como de proliferação celular, na coloração AgNOR. Houve maior deposição de fibras colágenas nos grupos B e CB (P=0,00003) e formação de crostas mais espessas no sétimo dia, com fibras colágenas mais organizadas no 21º dia. Conclui-se que o barbatimão estimula a produção de fibras colágenas e promove a formação de crostas mais espessas sobre a ferida na fase inicial da cicatrização e, na fase de remodelação, favorece a orientação das fibras colágenas. Além disso, a associação desse fitoterápico com CMMO não estimula a cicatrização de feridas.(AU)

This study aimed to evaluate the healing process of wounds of rabbits in response to treatment with barbatiman extract (S. adstringens) associated with autologous mononuclear bone marrow cells (BM-MNC). We used 20 rabbits, divided into four groups: B, 10% barbatiman extract with 9.48% of total tannins; CB, BM-MNC with barbatiman extract; CS, BM-MNC with NaCl 0.9% solution; S, NaCl 0.9% solution. Clinical evaluation was performed by observing the presence of crust, redness, discharge, bleeding, re-epithelialization, the wound area and healing time in days. In the third, seventh, 14th and 21st postoperative days wounds were biopsied for microscopic evaluation of inflammation and repair process indicators, especially collagen, in picrosirius staining, and cell proliferation, in AgNOR staining. There was a greater deposition of collagen fibers in groups B and CB (p=0.00003) on the seventh day and formation of thicker crusts, and more organized collagen fibers on the 21st day in these groups. In conclusion, in the initial phase of healing, barbatiman extract stimulates the production of collagen fibers and promotes the formation of more exuberant crusts on the wounds and remodeling phase favors the orientation of collagen fibers, but when combined with BMMC does not stimulate wound healing in rabbits.(AU)

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Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar o processo de cicatrização de feridas de coelhos tratadas com extrato de barbatimão (S. adstringens) associado a células mononucleares autólogas da medula óssea (CMMO). Utilizaram-se 20 coelhos, distribuídos em quatro grupos: B, extrato de barbatimão; CB, CMMO com extrato de barbatimão; CS, CMMO com solução fisiológica; S, solução fisiológica. Foi avaliada a presença de crosta, hiperemia, secreção, hemorragia, reepitelização, área da ferida e tempo de cicatrização. No terceiro, sétimo, 14º e 21º dias pós-operatório, realizou-se a biópsia das feridas e avaliaram-se os indicadores dos processos de inflamação e de reparo, com destaque para o colágeno, na coloração picrosírius, bem como de proliferação celular, na coloração AgNOR. Houve maior deposição de fibras colágenas nos grupos B e CB (P=0,00003) e formação de crostas mais espessas no sétimo dia, com fibras colágenas mais organizadas no 21º dia. Conclui-se que o barbatimão estimula a produção de fibras colágenas e promove a formação de crostas mais espessas sobre a ferida na fase inicial da cicatrização e, na fase de remodelação, favorece a orientação das fibras colágenas. Além disso, a associação desse fitoterápico com CMMO não estimula a cicatrização de feridas.(AU)

This study aimed to evaluate the healing process of wounds of rabbits in response to treatment with barbatiman extract (S. adstringens) associated with autologous mononuclear bone marrow cells (BM-MNC). We used 20 rabbits, divided into four groups: B, 10% barbatiman extract with 9.48% of total tannins; CB, BM-MNC with barbatiman extract; CS, BM-MNC with NaCl 0.9% solution; S, NaCl 0.9% solution. Clinical evaluation was performed by observing the presence of crust, redness, discharge, bleeding, re-epithelialization, the wound area and healing time in days. In the third, seventh, 14th and 21st postoperative days wounds were biopsied for microscopic evaluation of inflammation and repair process indicators, especially collagen, in picrosirius staining, and cell proliferation, in AgNOR staining. There was a greater deposition of collagen fibers in groups B and CB (p=0.00003) on the seventh day and formation of thicker crusts, and more organized collagen fibers on the 21st day in these groups. In conclusion, in the initial phase of healing, barbatiman extract stimulates the production of collagen fibers and promotes the formation of more exuberant crusts on the wounds and remodeling phase favors the orientation of collagen fibers, but when combined with BMMC does not stimulate wound healing in rabbits.(AU)

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The boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis grandis Boheman (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is one of the most important pests of cotton production worldwide. The objective of this work was to develop a sequential sampling plan for the boll weevil. The studies were conducted in Maracaju, MS, Brazil, in two seasons with cotton cultivar FM 993. A 10,000-m2 area of cotton was subdivided into 100 of 10- by 10-m plots, and five plants per plot were evaluated weekly, recording the number of squares with feeding + oviposition punctures of A. grandis in each plant. A sequential sampling plan by the maximum likelihood ratio test was developed, using a 10% threshold level of squares attacked. A 5% security level was adopted for the elaboration of the sequential sampling plan. The type I and type II error used was 0.05, recommended for studies with insects. The adjustment of the frequency distributions used were divided into two phases, so that the model that best fit to the data was the negative binomial distribution up to 85 DAE (Phase I), and from there the best fit was Poisson distribution (Phase II). The equations that define the decision-making for Phase I are S0 = -5.1743 + 0.5730N and S1 = 5.1743 + 0.5730N, and for the Phase II are S0 = -4.2479 + 0.5771N and S1 = 4.2479 + 0.5771N. The sequential sampling plan developed indicated the maximum number of sample units expected for decision-making is ∼39 and 31 samples for Phases I and II, respectively.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the productive performance and physical quality of eggs from semi-heavy laying hens reared in hot climate regions and fed diets containing soybean oil or beef tallow. The experiment had a duration of 63 days divided into three cycles of 21 days each. A total of 160 semi-heavy Hisex Brown laying hens at 50 weeks of age and with an initial weight of 1.755 ± 0.172 kg were used. The birds were reared in a floor system and housed in boxes. A completely randomized design consisting of two treatments and five replicates was used, with 16 birds per experimental unit (box). Two experimental diets based on corn and soybean meal were formulated and soybean oil or beef tallow was added, corresponding to treatments 1 and 2, respectively. The following parameters were evaluated: egg production (%), feed intake (g/bird/day), egg mass (g/bird/day), feed conversion per egg mass (kg/kg), feed conversion per dozen eggs (kg/dozen), egg weight, percentage of yolk, egg white and shell (%), specific gravity (g/cm3), animal viability (%), and body weight variation (g). No differences (P>0.05) were observed in any of the parameters studied. The dietary inclusion of soybean oil or beef tallow does not influence the productive performance or egg quality of semi-heavy laying hens reared in hot climate regions.

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o desempenho produtivo e qualidade física dos ovos de poedeiras semipesadas criadas em regiões de clima quente, alimentadas com rações contendo óleo de soja ou sebo bovino. O período experimental teve duração de 63 dias, sendo dividido em três ciclos de 21 dias cada. Foram utilizadas 160 poedeiras semipesadas da linhagem Hisex Brown, com 50 semanas de idade e peso inicial de 1,755 ± 0,172 kg. As aves foram criadas em sistema de piso, sendo alojadas em boxes. O delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, composto por dois tratamentos e cinco repetições, com 16 aves por unidade experimental (boxe). Foram formuladas duas dietas experimentais a base de milho e farelo de soja, com a inclusão de óleo de soja e sebo bovino constituindo os tratamentos um e dois respectivamente. Os parâmetros avaliados foram: produção de ovos (%), consumo de ração (g/ave/dia), massa de ovos (g/ave/dia), conversão alimentar por massa de ovos (kg/kg), conversão alimentar por dúzia de ovos (kg/dúzia), peso dos ovos, porcentagem da gema, albúmen e casca (%), gravidade específica (g/cm3), viabilidade das aves (%) e variação do peso corporal (g). Não foram observadas diferenças (P>0,05) em nenhum dos parâmetros avaliados. O uso de óleo de soja ou sebo bovino na ração, não influencia o desempenho produtivo e qualidade dos ovos de poedeiras semipesadas, criadas em regiões de clima quente.

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The objective of this study was to estimate the sodium (Na) requirements of semi-heavy laying hens reared in a hot climate after peak lay. A total of 120 Hisex Brown hens, 48 weeks of age, were used. The birds were allocated in a completely randomized design consisting of five treatments, six replicates and four animals per experimental unit. The experimental diets were formulated with corn and soybean meal and the treatments consisted of five levels of sodium (0.12, 0.17, 0.22, 0.27 and 0.32%) derived from common salt. The following parameters were evaluated: feed intake (g), egg production (%), egg weight (g), egg mass (g), feed conversion (kg) per kilogram of eggs and per dozen eggs, specific gravity (g/cm3), shell thickness (mm), egg components including egg yolk (g and %), albumin (g and %) and shell (g and %), viability (%), and variation in body weight (g) of the birds. There was no effect (P>0.05) of sodium levels on egg yolk weight (g) or albumin percentage. A decreasing linear effect (P<0.01) was observed for feed intake, which decreased with increasing sodium level in the diet. A quadratic effect (P<0.05) was found for egg production, egg weight, feed conversion per kilogram of eggs and dozen eggs, albumin and shell weight, specific gravity, shell thickness, and percentage of shell and egg yolk. A sodium level higher than 0.27% negatively influenced egg components and zootechnical performance of the birds. The inclusion of 0.20% sodium in the diet after peak lay is recommended for semi-heavy laying hens reared in a hot climate to increase egg quality and productive performance.

O Objetivou-se com este trabalho estimar a exigência nutricional de sódio (Na) para poedeiras semipesadas criadas em clima quente, após o pico de postura. Foram utilizadas 120 galinhas da linhagem Hisex Brown, com 48 semanas de idade. As aves foram distribuídas em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com cinco tratamentos, seis repetições e quatro aves por unidade experimental. As rações experimentais foram formuladas a base de milho e farelo de soja e os tratamentos foram constituídos por cinco níveis de sódio (0,12; 0,17; 0,22; 0,27 e 0,32%) derivados do sal comum. Foram avaliados: consumo de ração (g), produção de ovos (%), peso dos ovos (g), massa de ovos (g), conversão alimentar por massa (kg/kg) e por dúzia (kg/dz) de ovos, gravidade específica (g/cm3), espessura de casca (mm), elementos dos ovos, tais como, gema (g e %), albúmen (g e %) e casca (g e %), viabilidade (%) e variação do peso corporal (g) das aves. Não foi verificado efeito (P>0,05) dos níveis de sódio sobre o peso da gema (g) e porcentagem de albúmen. Houve efeito linear (P<0,01) decrescente para o consumo de ração, diminuindo o consumo à medida que aumentou o nível de sódio na ração. Verificou-se efeito quadrático (P<0,01) para a produção de ovos, peso dos ovos, conversão alimentar por massa e dúzia de ovos, pesos de albúmen e casca, gravidade específica, espessura de casca e porcentagem de casca e gema (P<0,05). Os níveis de sódio analisados influenciaram os componentes dos ovos e o desempenho zootécnico das aves acima de 0,27%, negativamente. Recomenda-se a inclusão de 0,20% de sódio na ração de poedeiras semipesadas criadas em clima quente, após o pico de postura, para proporcionar melhor qualidade dos ovos e desempenho produtivo.

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