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Objetivo։ Associar a qualidade de vida, qualidade do sono com o desenvolvimento motor de crianças. Métodos։ Estudo correlacional realizado com 70 participantes (35 meninos e 35 meninas) com idade de 9 a 12 anos. Para analisar a qualidade de vida foi aplicado o WHOQOL-bref. A qualidade de sono foi analisada pelo Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Para análise do desenvolvimento motor foi utilizada a Escala de Desenvolvimento Motor. A análise estatística foi composta por média e desvio padrão e frequência percentílica. Para comparação das variáveis paramétricas foi utilizado o teste t de Student. A correlação de Pearson foi empregada para associar as variáveis e foi estipulado um nível de confiança de p<0,05. Resultados։ As meninas apresentaram valores significativos em relação aos meninos nas variáveis de índice de massa corporal, relações sociais, motricidade global, organização espacial, idade motora geral e quociente motor geral. Nas demais variáveis não foram observados valores significativos. Foi encontrada associação fraca entre qualidade de vida e a qualidade de sono, qualidade vida e a idade cronológica e a idade cronológica com a idade motora geral. Entretanto, entre a idade motora geral e o quociente motor geral foi observada associação forte. Conclusão։ Foi possível observar que a qualidade de vida apresenta influência positiva na idade cronológica. Porém, nas variáveis de idade motora geral e o quociente motor geral demonstrou não inferir, o mesmo aconteceu na associação entre a qualidade de sono e as demais variáveis.

Objective։ The association of quality of life, quality of sleep and the motor development of children. Methods։ Correlational study carried out with 70 participants (35 boys and 35 girls) aged between 9 to 12 years. In order to analyze the quality of life, the WHOQOL-bref tool was applied. Sleep quality was analyzed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Motor Development Scale was used to analyze motor development. The statistical analysis consisted of mean and standard deviation, and percentile frequency. Student t test was used to compare the parametric variables. Pearson's correlation was used to associate the variables and a confidence level of p <0.05 was stipulated. Results։ The girls presented significant values in relation to the boys in the body mass index, social relations, global motor skills, spatial organization, general motor age and general motor quotient variables. In the other variables, no significant values were observed. A weak association was found between quality of life and quality of sleep, quality of life and chronological age, and chronological age and general motor age. However, a strong association was observed between general motor age and general motor quotient. Conclusion։ It was possible to observe that quality of life has a positive influence on chronological age. However, in the general motor age and the general motor quotient variables, it demonstrated no interference, the same happened in the association between sleep quality and other variables.

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OBJECTIVE: To identify the level of physical activity and glycemic variability of adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus and to compare glycemic variability on days with different amounts of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A sample of 34 subjects aged 10 to 15 years, 18 (52.94%) female; age: 13.04 ± 1.94; HbA1c: 9.76 ± 1.51. Physical activity was measured by wGT3X accelerometer. The glucose data were obtained using continuous glucose monitoring, and the following glycemic variability measures were calculated: standard deviation (SD), low blood glucose index (LBGI), high blood glucose index (HBGI), mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE), glycemic risk assessment in diabetes equation (GRADE) and coefficient of variation (CV). The most and least active days (the days with greater and lesser time dedicated to physical activities of moderate to vigorous intensity, respectively) were identified. In addition, based on the whole period of accelerometer use, daily means of time spent in MVPA were identified among participants, who were then divided into three groups: up to 100 minutes; from 101 to 200 minutes and above 201 minutes. Then, the measures of glycemic variability were compared among the most and least active days and among the groups too. RESULTS: The amount of MVPA was significantly different between the days evaluated (237.49 ± 93.29 vs. 125.21 ± 58.10 minutes), but glycemic variability measures did not present a significant difference. CONCLUSION: Despite the significant differences in the amount of MVPA between the two days evaluated, the glycemic variability did not change significantly. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2020;64(3):312-8.

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ABSTRACT Objective To identify the level of physical activity and glycemic variability of adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus and to compare glycemic variability on days with different amounts of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Subjects and methods A sample of 34 subjects aged 10 to 15 years, 18 (52.94%) female; age: 13.04 ± 1.94; HbA1c: 9.76 ± 1.51. Physical activity was measured by wGT3X accelerometer. The glucose data were obtained using continuous glucose monitoring, and the following glycemic variability measures were calculated: standard deviation (SD), low blood glucose index (LBGI), high blood glucose index (HBGI), mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE), glycemic risk assessment in diabetes equation (GRADE) and coefficient of variation (CV). The most and least active days (the days with greater and lesser time dedicated to physical activities of moderate to vigorous intensity, respectively) were identified. In addition, based on the whole period of accelerometer use, daily means of time spent in MVPA were identified among participants, who were then divided into three groups: up to 100 minutes; from 101 to 200 minutes and above 201 minutes. Then, the measures of glycemic variability were compared among the most and least active days and among the groups too. Results The amount of MVPA was significantly different between the days evaluated (237.49 ± 93.29 vs. 125.21 ± 58.10 minutes), but glycemic variability measures did not present a significant difference. Conclusion Despite the significant differences in the amount of MVPA between the two days evaluated, the glycemic variability did not change significantly. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2020;64(3):312-8

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OBJECTIVE: To associate the Maximal Oxygen Uptake (VO2max) with body fat percentage (%BF), and to establish the best VO2max cutoff point for predicting risk %BF in teenagers. METHODS: This study was carried out with 979 subjects aged 10 to 18.8 years, 556 (56.8%) girls. The 20 m shuttle run protocol determined the VO2max, which was analyzed in quintiles and in a numeric scale. Cutaneous fold equations determined the %BF, later classified as risk to health/obesity when >25 in girls and >20 in boys. Regression method was used - Odds Ratio (OR) and Receiver Operating Characteristics Curve (ROC curve) with α <5%. RESULTS: From the total number of valid cases, 341 (65.6%) girls and 202 (53.2%) boys presented %BF of risk, and a larger proportion of %BF of risk was observed in the 1st quintile of the VO2max for both genders. There was inverse association between VO2max and %BF of risk from the 4th quintile (OR 1.84, 95%CI 1.05-3.24) until the 1st quintile (OR 4.74, 95%CI 2.44-9.19) for girls, and from the 2nd quintile (OR 2.99, 95%CI 1.48-6.00) until the 1st quintile (OR 5.60, 95%CI 2.64-11.87) for boys. As analytic highlights, VO2max Cutoff points for prediction of %BF of risk were ≤40.9 mL/kg-1/min-1 (AUC: 0.65; p<0.001) for girls and ≤44.8 mL/kg-1/min-1 (AUC: 0.66; p<0.001)for boys. CONCLUSIONS: VO2max was inversely associated to the %BF, and VO2max cutoff points for prediction of %BF of risk are important results to generate action to fight early obesity.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To associate the Maximal Oxygen Uptake (VO2max) with body fat percentage (%BF), and to establish the best VO2max cutoff point for predicting risk %BF in teenagers. Methods: This study was carried out with 979 subjects aged 10 to 18.8 years, 556 (56.8%) girls. The 20 m shuttle run protocol determined the VO2max, which was analyzed in quintiles and in a numeric scale. Cutaneous fold equations determined the %BF, later classified as risk to health/obesity when >25 in girls and >20 in boys. Regression method was used - Odds Ratio (OR) and Receiver Operating Characteristics Curve (ROC curve) with α <5%. Results: From the total number of valid cases, 341 (65.6%) girls and 202 (53.2%) boys presented %BF of risk, and a larger proportion of %BF of risk was observed in the 1st quintile of the VO2max for both genders. There was inverse association between VO2max and %BF of risk from the 4th quintile (OR 1.84, 95%CI 1.05-3.24) until the 1st quintile (OR 4.74, 95%CI 2.44-9.19) for girls, and from the 2nd quintile (OR 2.99, 95%CI 1.48-6.00) until the 1st quintile (OR 5.60, 95%CI 2.64-11.87) for boys. As analytic highlights, VO2max Cutoff points for prediction of %BF of risk were ≤40.9 mL/kg-1/min-1 (AUC: 0.65; p<0.001) for girls and ≤44.8 mL/kg-1/min-1 (AUC: 0.66; p<0.001)for boys.. Conclusions: VO2max was inversely associated to the %BF, and VO2max cutoff points for prediction of %BF of risk are important results to generate action to fight early obesity.

RESUMO Objetivo: Associar o Consumo Máximo de Oxigênio (VO2máx) com o % de Gordura Corporal (%GC) e estabelecer o melhor ponto de corte do VO2máx para a previsão do %GC de risco em adolescentes. Métodos: Estudo realizado com uma amostra de 979 sujeitos entre 10 e 18,8 anos, sendo 556 (56,8%) meninas. O protocolo shuttle run de 20 m determinou o VO2máx, que foi analisado em quintil e escala numérica. Equações de dobras cutâneas determinaram o %GC, posteriormente classificado como risco à saúde/obesidade quando >25, para meninas, e >20, para meninos. Utilizou-se regressão - Odds Ratio (OR) e Curva Característica de Operação do Receptor (curva ROC) com α <5%. Resultados: Do total de casos válidos, 341 (65,6%) meninas e 202 (53,2%) meninos apresentaram %GC de risco, e constatou-se maior proporção do %GC de risco no 1º quintil do VO2máx para ambos os sexos. Houve associação inversa entre VO2máx e %GC de risco do 4º quintil (OR 1,84, IC95% 1,05-3,24) até o 1º quintil (OR 4,74, IC95% 2,44-9,19) para meninas, e do 2º quintil (OR 2,99, IC95% 1,48-6,00) até o 1º quintil (OR 5,60, IC95% 2,64-11,87) para meninos. Pontos de corte do VO2máx para previsão do %GC de risco ≤40,9 mL/kg-1/min-1 (Area Under the Curve (Área Sob a Curva) - AUC: 0,65; p<0,001) para meninas e ≤44,8 mL/kg-1/min-1 (AUC: 0,66; p<0,001) para meninos foram destaques analíticos. Conclusões: VO2máx esteve associado inversamente ao %GC­, e os pontos de corte do VO2máx para a previsão do %GC de risco são resultados importantes para ações de combate à obesidade precoce.

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ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to verify the level of concordance between Body Adiposity Index (BAI) and Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) in the evaluation of body fat percentage in adolescents with type-1 diabetes mellitus (DM1). The sample consisted of 34 adolescents (16 boys and 18 girls) aged 10-15 years. Height and hip circumference data were collected for BAI calculation, and fat percentage was evaluated using DEXA. The Shapiro Wilk test was used to verify data normality. The Wilcoxon test was performed to compare age, anthropometric and BMI, BAI z score and DEXA between sexes. The correlation of variables (BAI vs DEXA) was evaluated by the Spearman correlation coefficient. For the analysis of residual scores, the Bland-Altman test was applied. The Kappa coefficient (k) was performed to assess the level of concordance between BAI and DEXA. Therefore, weak and non-significant correlation between BAI and DEXA in boys (r= 0.19, p= 0.46), and girls (r= 0.10, p= 0.73) was observed. Thus, weak concordance was observed (k= 0.09) for both sexes. It was concluded that BAI is not recommended to estimate fat percentage in adolescents with DM1.

Resumo O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar o nível de concordância entre o Absortometria de Raio-x de Dupla Energia (DEXA) na avaliação do percentual de gordura de adolescentes com diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (DM1). A amostra foi constituída por 34 adolescentes (16 meninos e 18 meninas) com idades entre 10 e 15 anos. Coletaram-se os dados de estatura e circunferência do quadril para cálculo do IAC, bem como avaliação do percentual de gordura via DEXA. O teste de Shapiro Wilk foi utilizado para verificar a normalidade dos dados. O teste de Wilcoxon foi realizado para comparar as variáveis de idade, antropométricas e IMC score Z, IAC e DEXA entre sexos. A correlação das variáveis (IAC vs DEXA) foi avaliada pelo coeficiente de correlação de Spearman. Para análise dos escores residuais aplicou-se o teste de Bland-Altman. O coeficiente de Kappa (k) foi realizado para avaliar o nível de concordância entre o IAC e DEXA. Sendo assim, foi encontrada correlação fraca e não significante entre IAC e DEXA tanto nos meninos (r=0,19; p=0,46), quanto nas meninas (r=0,10; p=0,73). Dessa forma, foi possível perceber concordância fraca (k= 0,09) para ambos os sexos. Conclui-se que o IAC não é recomendado para estimar percentual de gordura em adolescentes com DM1.

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ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to compare the behavior of metabolic parameters, blood pressure, and obesity indicators in children and adolescents with and without insulin resistance. Sixty-one overweight children (6 to 18 years) underwent anthropometric measurements of body mass (BM), height and waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP), bioimpedance (relative (%F) and absolute fat (BF)), and blood collection for determination of glucose, insulin, and lipid profile (TG, CT, HDL-C, LDL-C). The BMI z-score was used to classify nutritional status and the HOMA-IR index (> 2.5) for insulin resistance. Participants were divided into two groups, insulin resistant (IR, n= 27) and non-insulin resistant (NIR, n= 33). Regardless of age, children and adolescents with excess weight and IR presented higher BM, WC, BMI, %F and BF (kg), TG, and plasma insulin than their NIR counterparts, who in turn presented higher LDL-C. The groups did not differ in nutritional status (BMI z-score); however, in the comparison between the undesired proportions of the metabolic components, only three presented alterations with significant differences between the groups (TC, LDL-C, and TG). It is concluded that IR influences the development of dyslipidemias in this age group, especially TG.

RESUMO O objetivo do estudo foi comparar o comportamento de parâmetros metabólicos, pressão arterial e indicadores de obesidade em crianças e adolescentes com e sem resistência à insulina. Participaram do estudo 60 crianças e adolescentes com excesso de peso (6 a 18 anos)que foram submetidos amedidas antropométricas de massa corporal (MC), estatura ecircunferência da cintura (CC), pressão arterial (PA), bioimpedância[gordura relativa (%G) e absoluta (GC)] e coleta sanguínea para determinação das concentrações de glicose, insulina e perfil lipídico (TG, CT, HDL-C, LDL-C). O IMC z-scorefoi empregado para classificação do estado nutricional e o índice HOMA-RI (>2,5) para resistência à insulina.Os participantes foram divididos em dois grupos, resistentes (RI, n=27) e não resistentes à insulina (NRI, n=33).Independente da idade, crianças e adolescentescom excesso de peso e RI, apresentaram maior MC, CC, IMC, %G e GC (kg), TG e insulina plasmática do que contraparesNRI, que por sua vez, apresentaram valores mais elevados de LDL-C. Os grupos não diferiram para oestado nutricional(IMC z-score)porém, na comparação entre as proporções indesejadas dos componentes metabólicos, apenas três apresentaram alterações com diferenças significativas entre os grupos (CT, LDL-C e TG). Conclui-se que a RI apresenta-se com influência para o desenvolvimento de dislipidemias nessa faixa etária em especial o TG.

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O presente artigo tem como objetivo abordar aspectos acerca da importância do teste do reflexo vermelho, também chamado de "teste do olhinho" na prevenção de doenças visuais desenvolvidas ainda na gestação ou na infância, uma vez que estas doenças podem ser responsáveis por causar a perda parcial ou total da visão, acarretando enorme prejuízo para o indivíduo nas dimensões física, cognitiva e social. A realização do teste do reflexo vermelho pode ajudar significativamente no combate a uma gama de patologias ainda antes dos seis meses de vida, podendo assim aumentar exponencialmente a chance de cura ou podendo amenizar drasticamente as características da doença.

This article aims to address aspects of the importance of the red reflex test, also called "little eye test" in preventing developed visual disorders even during pregnancy or childhood, since these diseases may be responsible for causing loss partial or total vision, causing enormous damage to the individual in the physical, cognitive and social dimensions. The realization of the red reflex test can significantly help to combat a range of diseases even before six months of life, and thus can exponentially increase the chance of cure or can dramatically ease the characteristics of the disease.

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ABSTRACT The objective of the study was to compare the morphological characteristics of female futsal athlete starters and nonstarters. The study included 115 athletes, 60 starters and 55 nonstarters, belonging to 10 teams that competed in the XX Brazilian Cup of Clubs, special division. Anthropometric measurements were obtained with the purpose of characterizing and determining body somatotype. The analyzes were performed with the aid of a commercial statistical package (SPSS version 18.0), adopting a significance level of p< 0.05. The results showed that the athlete starters were older (p=0.024), had a longer practice time (p=0.019), and lower fat percentage (p=0.047) and femur diameter (p=0.048) than the nonstarters, however, the last two variables lost significance after adjustment for practice time. Nevertheless, they presented a similar somatotypological classification (mesomorph-endomorph). Considering that body composition and sports experience are attributes associated with performance, the observed differences between the athlete starters and nonstarters could contribute to the decision making of coaches in the formation of the titular team in women's futsal matches.

RESUMO O objetivo do estudo foi comparar as características morfológicas de atletas de futsal feminino titulares e reservas de alto nível competitivo. Participaram 115 atletas, 60 titulares e 55 reservas pertencentes a 10 equipes que disputaram da XX Taça Brasil de Clubes, divisão especial. Medidas antropométricas foram obtidas com a finalidade de caracterizar e determinar o somatotipo corporal. As análises foram realizadas com auxílio de um pacote estatístico comercial (SPSS versão 18.0) adotando como nível de significância p<0,05. Os resultados revelaram que as atletas titulares são mais velhas (p=0,024), possuem maior tempo de prática (p=0,019), menor percentual de gordura (p=0,047) e diâmetro do fêmur (p=048) do que as reservas, porém, as duas últimas perdem a significância ao serem ajustadas pelo tempo de prática. As atletas apresentaram semelhante classificação somatotipológica (mesomorfo-endomorfo). Considerando que a composição corporal e a experiência esportiva são atributos associados ao desempenho, as diferenças observadas entre as atletas titulares e reservas podem contribuir para a tomada de decisão do treinador na formação da equipe titular em jogos de futsal feminino.

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O objetivo do estudo foi comparar a força muscular respiratória em idosos saudáveis praticantes de exercícios em dois meios, solo e água. A amostra foi composta por 20 idosos de ambos os gêneros, que foram divididos em dois grupos, GS (Grupo-Solo) e GA (Grupo-Água). As avaliações das pressões inspiratórias máximas (PImáx) e pressões expiratórias máximas (PEmáx) foram realizadas através do aparelho manovacuômetro manual. Os resultados demonstraram não haver alterações significativas na musculatura respiratória de ambos os grupos.

The objective of this study was to compare respiratory muscle strength in healthy elderly exercise practitioners in two media, soil and water. The sample consisted of 20 elderly of both genders, who were divided into two groups, GS (Soil Group) and GA (Water Group). The maximal inspiratory pressures (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressures (MEP) were evaluated using the manual manometer instrument. The results showed no significant changes in the respiratory muscles of both groups.

El objetivo del estudio fue comparar la fuerza muscular respiratoria en ancianos sanos practicantes los ejercicios en dos maneras, el suelo y el agua. La muestra fue constituida por 20 ancianos de ambos sexos, que fueron divididos en dos grupos, GS (Grupo Suelo) y GA (Grupo Agua). Las evaluaciones de la presión inspiratoria máxima (PIM) y la presión espiratoria máxima (PEM) se realizaron usando aparato manómetro de vacío manual. Los resultados no mostraron cambios significativos en los músculos respiratorios de ambos grupos.

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