RESUMO
Three new species of isopod crustaceans of the family Cirolanidae-Dolicholana ivanyae spec. nov., Natatolana hadassae spec. nov. and Politolana cleoniceae spec. nov.-are described from the shallow waters of the Brazilian bathyal. The specimens were collected from the shallow bathyal zone of the Potiguar Basin, off the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Norte, from Pernambuco and Bahia, and the Campos Basin, off Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo states. Dolicholana ivanyae spec. nov. can be distinguished from its congeners by the subrectangular shape of the head, its very long frontal lamina, which surpasses article 2 of the peduncle of antenna 1, and its densely setose pereopod 7. Natatolana hadassae spec. nov. is unique due to the subacute posteroventral angle of epimeron 4, ischial pereopod 3 as produced as those of pereopods 1 and 2, and the distal margin of the pleotelson with 10 robust distal setae. Politolana cleoniceae spec. nov. differs from its congeners based on the combination of the following traits: the pereon-pleon articulation is tight, with pleonite 1 clearly visible, and not covered completely by pereonite 7, while the pleon (in the dorsal-ventral view) is arched in a uniform sequence with the pereon, and the uropodal endopod is shorter than the exopod. In addition to these findings, the known geographical distribution of Dolicholana brucei, which was described recently from Brazil, is extended southward to include Bahia, Brazil. This study increases the number of cirolanid species recorded from Brazilian waters to 23.
Assuntos
Besouros , Isópodes , Animais , Brasil , SulfassalazinaRESUMO
Trichopeltarion dextrum (Rathbun, 1898) is herein reported from the first time from Northern Brazil. The specimens were captured using the shrimp trawls during the REVIZEE-Score Program. Six specimens, being two males and four females, were examined. The material fits well with diagnostic characters of T. dextrum, but the males have the carapace almost as long as wide, while in the type material, is slightly longer the wide. This is the second species of the genus Trichopeltarion reported from Brazilian waters.
Assuntos
Braquiúros , Masculino , Feminino , Animais , BrasilRESUMO
Magnaphoxus ajaja gen. et sp. nov., Ma. simplex gen. et sp. nov. and Ma. longicarpus gen. et sp. nov. are described. The material examined was collected off the states of Cear, Rio Grande do Norte and Bahia during the projects Avaliao da Biota Bentnica e Planctnica na poro offshore das Bacias Potiguar e Cear (BPOT) and Programa de Avaliao do Potencial Sustentvel de Recursos Vivos na Zona Econmica Exclusiva (REVIZEE). Additionally, material from other surveys off Brazilian northeastern coast is included. The samples were collected by rectangular dredges, box corer and Van Veen grabs, ranging from shallow waters to 168 meters in depth. The new genus is morphologically similar to the genera Grandifoxus Barnard, 1979, Metharpinia Schellenberg, 1931, Microphoxus Barnard, 1960 and Rhepoxynius Barnard, 1979. However, it can be recognized by the exclusive constricted and very broad rostrum and bilobated coxa 6, plus the combination of characters such as: lower lip outer plate with apical cusps; right mandible without lacinia mobilis; pereopods 34 carpus posterior margin with one distal robust long seta; propodus strongly armed with robust setae; uropods 12 peduncle dorsolateral margin combed distally; telson with two apical robust setae on each side. All three new species, are fully described, illustrated, and discussed.
Assuntos
Anfípodes/classificação , Anfípodes/anatomia & histologia , Animais , Oceano Atlântico , Brasil , Mandíbula/anatomia & histologiaRESUMO
The oil spill that reached Brazilian Coast in 2019 was one of the most extensive disasters and its effects on distinct species are still under investigation. This study evaluated the effects of the oil spill on the crab Pachygrapsus transversus in four reef areas in Northeast of Brazil that are also under different levels of chronic anthropogenic impacts. Changes in population aspects were investigated including maturity, sex ratio, and relative growth considering periods before and after the oil spill. An acute decrease in the number of females captured in areas most affected by oil spill was evident and may be associated with the closure of burrows used for protection. Crabs from the most touristic area presented a decrease in the medium size of carapace and maturation compared to crabs from other less visited areas, which highlights the importance of studying the effects of impacts on marine fauna.
Assuntos
Braquiúros , Desastres , Poluição por Petróleo , Animais , Brasil , FemininoRESUMO
Our knowledge of the mating systems in burrowing shrimps (infraorders Axiidea and Gebiidea) is still rather limited. Here we describe the burrow use pattern, sex ratio, and sexual dimorphism of the burrowing shrimp Axianassa australis to test for monogamy, considering that monogamous species live in heterosexual pairs and exhibit a low degree of sexual dimorphism. To this end, a total of 226 individuals of A. australis were collected from the northeast region of Brazil. Our results showed that A. australis inhabited its burrows mainly as pairs, most of which were male-female pairs. In agreement with the expectations, specimens of A. australis were found dwelling as heterosexual pairs more frequently than expected by chance alone. The presence of ovigerous females was associated with the burrow occupation; that is, brooding females were more frequently observed in male-female combinations than solitarily. Also supporting theoretical considerations, we did not observe sexual dimorphism in body size between males and females of the population and the different categories of the burrow occupation. Conversely, sexual dimorphism in cheliped size was evident in the population, with larger chelipeds in males than in females. This observation agrees with that reported for most burrowing shrimps in which male-male competition is the main evolutionary force of sexual selection. The observations above favor the hypothesis that A. australis is primarily monogamous, with a small fraction of the males moderately promiscuous.
Assuntos
Decápodes , Animais , Evolução Biológica , Tamanho Corporal , Brasil , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , ReproduçãoRESUMO
A new species of Pleonexes from the São Pedro and São Paulo Archipelago, northeastern Brazil is described. Pleonexes lowryi sp. nov. is characterized by the slender mandible palp; the gnathopod 2 with large and rounded anterodistal lobe on the basis and strongly oblique palm; the pereopods 3-4 with slightly expanded basis; the uropod 1 peduncle with short and blunt spur; and the telson with subtriangular apex and small subdistal cusp on each side. In addition, based on the literature review, we provide new combinations of some species and a key to Pleonexes species in the world.
Assuntos
Anfípodes , Animais , BrasilRESUMO
A new species of Foxiphalus Barnard, 1979 is described. The material examined was collected as part of the project "Avaliação da biota bentônica e planctônica da Bacia Potiguar e Ceará" (BPOT), off northeastern Brazilian continental slope on the state of Rio Grande do Norte at depths ranging from 135 to 283 meters. Foxiphalus potiguara sp. nov. is recognized among its congeners by: rostrum slightly exceeding the article 2 of antenna 1; lower lip outer lobes with strong shoulder cusps; maxilliped inner plate with two apical robust setae; gnathopod 2 carpus shortened; pereopod 5 basis tapering distally; and epimeral plate 3 posterior margin weakly crenulated. This is the first record of Foxiphalus for the Atlantic Ocean and we provide an amended diagnosis of the genus and an identification key to its world species. In addition, two new records of Phoxocephalidae are reported from northeastern Brazil: Heterophoxus shoemakeri Andrade & Senna, 2020 and Metharpinia dentiurosoma Alonso de Pina, 2003.
Assuntos
Animais , Anfípodes/anatomia & histologia , Anfípodes/classificação , Oceano Atlântico , BrasilRESUMO
A new species of Leptophoxoides Barnard, 1962 is described with material from the continental slope of Rio Grande do Norte state, northeastern Brazil at three different depths: 150, 400 and 2,500 meters. Leptophoxoides longisetae sp. nov. can be diagnosed and distinguished from the other two species of the genus, L. molaris Barnard, 1962 and L. marina Senna, 2010, by the following characters: antenna 1 peduncular article 1 ventral apex weakly ensiform; maxilla 1 inner plate longer than outer; maxilliped palp article 3 with blunt and extremely protuberant apex; gnathopods 1-2 carpus almost cryptic; gnathopod 2 palm defined by a large and sharply produced palmar hump; pereopod 6 basis posterodistal corner produced as a blunt lobe; and telson with two dorsal long plumose setae on each side. This is the first record of the genus for northeastern Brazilian waters, uncovering a higher biodiversity in deep waters.(AU)
Assuntos
Anfípodes/anatomia & histologia , Anfípodes/classificação , BiodiversidadeRESUMO
In this paper, we provide some available information about the occurrence and some taxonomic aspects of 19 species from the Superfamily Oplophoroidea in the southwestern Atlantic (Brazilian waters), with the update to 22 species of Oplophoroidea occurring in Brazilian waters. Samples were collected during two sets of surveys. The first was performed in 2009 and 2011 in the Potiguar Basin in northeast of Brazil (03-05°S; 38-35°W; between the States of Ceará and Rio Grande do Norte) under the framework of the project "Avaliação da biota bentônica e planctônica da Bacia Potiguar e Ceará (Bpot)", with samples collected from bottom trawls in the continental slope at depth ranging from 150-2068 m. Second, under the in the framework of the ABRACOS (Acoustic along the Brazilian coast), performed in 2015 and 2017 on seamounts and offshore areas in Northeast Brazil (Ceará Chain, Rio Grande do Norte and Rocas Atoll, Fernando de Noronha Archipelago and Pernambuco State), with samples with pelagic micronekton and mesopelagic nets, in depths ranging from 50-1260 m. We highlight the occurrence of 14 species of the family Acanthephyridae and 5 species of the family Oplophoridae, including the first occurrences of five species to Brazilian deep waters: Acanthephyra kingsleyi Spence Bate, 1888, Ephyrina ombango Crosnier Forest, 1973, Meningodora compsa (Chace, 1940), M. longisulca Kikuchi, 1985 and Systellapsis curvispina Crosnier, 1987. These records increase the knowledge on deep-sea shrimps occurring in Southwestern Atlantic.
Assuntos
Decápodes , Acústica , Animais , Oceano Atlântico , Brasil , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Here, we report the new occurrences of four deep-water prawn of the genus Gennadas in the southwestern Atlantic: G. gilchristi recorded from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge region; G. capensis recorded from Brazilian waters off Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Atol das Rocas and Ceará Chain; G. talismani and G. scutatus recorded both to Mid-Atlantic Ridge and to Brazilian waters.