RESUMO

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os métodos (protocolos) e resultados obtidos em estudos que buscaram o treinamento da potência em atletas das modalidades coletivas com controle através dos testes de saltos verticais. Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática a partir da consulta das principais bases de dados com intuito de investigar a produção bibliográfica sobre o assunto, utilizando como palavras-chaves "saltos basquetebol", "saltos voleibol", "salto futebol" e "salto handebol", em português e inglês. Após a obtenção dos artigos, foram excluídos os estudos que tratavam de lesões (injuries). Como critério de inclusão adotou-se: a) publicados nos últimos 5 anos (2011 ­ 2015); b) possuíssem como sujeitos atletas das modalidades basquetebol, handebol, voleibol e futebol; c) que possuíssem intervenções de no máximo de 12 semanas; d) estudos que descrevessem com clareza o método (protocolo) de treinamento utilizado para desenvolvimento da potência. Conclui-se que diferentes métodos de treinamento foram eficazes no aumento dos indicadores da potencia e os saltos verticais foram sensíveis na avaliação desta capacidade.Em relação a período de intervenção observam-se dois estudos que apresentaram alterações significativas nos teste de saltos com 5 semanas, porém outro estudo não demonstrou essas alterações em um período de 6 semanas. Não houve diferenças entre a quantidade de semanas treinadas e a melhora na força e potência....(AU)

The aim of this study was to analyze the methods (protocols) and results in studies that sought power training for athletes in team sports with control through the vertical jumping test. a systematic review from the consultation of the main databases in order to investigate the bibliographic production on the subject was carried out using as keywords "Basketball heels", "volleyball jumps", "football jump" and "handball jump" in Portuguese and English. After obtaining the articles, studies that treated lesions were excluded (injuries). As inclusion criteria was adopted: a) published in the last five years (2011-2015); b) possess as subject athletes of modalities basketball, handball, volleyball and football; c) possessing interventions in maximum of 12 weeks; d) studies describing clearly the method (protocol) training used to power development. It is concluded that different training methods were effective in increasing the power indicators and the vertical jumps were sensitive evaluation of the capacity. Regarding the intervention period are observed two studies that showed significant changes in the jump test 5 weeks, and another study showed no such changes in a period of 6 weeks. There were no differences between the amount of trained weeks and the improvement in strength and power....(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

This study investigated the effects of a congested match schedule (7 matches played in 7 days) on steroid hormone concentrations, mucosal immunity, session rating of perceived exertion (S-RPE) and technical performance in 16 elite youth soccer players (14.8 ± 0.4 years; 170.6 ± 9.4 cm; 64.9 ± 7 kg). No change was observed for salivary cortisol concentration across match time points (P = 0.33; effect size [ES] = 0.13-0.48). In contrast, there was a decrease in salivary testosterone and salivary IgA (SIgA) concentrations from the 1st compared with the last time point (P = 0.01 and 0.001, ES = 0.42 and 0.67, respectively). The SIgA concentration varied across time points (P < 0.001) with the highest value observed at the 3rd time point (rest day) (3rd vs all time point; ES = 0.47-0.73). No changes were observed for S-RPE across time points (P > 0.05). A higher number of tackles and interceptions were observed during the 4th match vs 1st and 7th matches (P < 0.001; ES = 2.25 and 1.90, respectively). The present data demonstrate that accumulated fatigue related to participation in a congested match schedule might induce a decrease in testosterone concentration in youth players and negatively affect their mucosal immunity and capacity to perform certain technical actions.

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RESUMO

The aim of this study was to investigate salivary T changes and its relationship with power performance over a 1-year competitive season in elite under 15 (U15) and under 17 (U17) soccer players. Soccer players were recruited from 1 soccer club that has been participated in the main state and national leagues for these age groups. The soccer players were divided into 2 age categories (U15, n = 16 and U17, n = 23). A resting saliva sample was taken to determine T level, and power was assessed using the countermovement jump test with a bar of 30% of body mass on the athletes' shoulders on 3 occasions (T1: beginning of the competitive season, T2: end of the regular season, and T3: end of the playoffs). There was a decrease in T concentration at the end of the competitive season (T3) as compared with the beginning of the season (T1) for both age categories (p ≤ 0.05). Conversely, power performance parameters were increased for both age groups (U15: mean power and relative mean power and U17: peak power, mean power, relative peak power, and relative mean power; p ≤ 0.05). No significant correlation was identified between the relative changes in T concentration and power performance in both groups. The findings of this study suggest that T changes and power changes are not related.

Assuntos