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Objetivo: Detectar los patotipos de Escherichia coli en una población pediátrica con enfermedad diarreica aguda en la ciudad de Rosario para adoptar medidas de intervención oportunas y eficaces en Salud Pública. Materiales y métodos: Se estudiaron 360 muestras de heces de niños menores de 15 años que presentaron cuadro diarreico agudo y que concurrieron a un hospital pediátrico de la ciudad de Rosario, Argentina. La investigación se realizó desde enero de 2021 a abril del 2022. La detección de patotipos se realizó mediante reacción en cadena de la polimerasa. Resultados: Se identificaron el 21.11% de Escherichia coli diarrogénicas (DEC). Se detectaron los genes de virulencia correspondientes a: E. coli enteroagregativa (EAEC) (42,10%), E. coli enteroinvasiva (EIEC) (23.68%), E. coli enterotoxigénica ETEC) (14.47%), E. coli enteropatógena (EPEC) (15.79%) y E. coli enterohemorrágica (EHEC) (1.32%). Se detectaron infecciones mixtas por EAEC/EPEC (1.32%) y ETEC/EAEC (1.32%). Conclusiones: Los métodos de diagnóstico moleculares son una herramienta fundamental en el estudio de la epidemiologia de las enfermedades diarreicas aguda. Más aún, su implementación resulta primordial para identificar del agente etiológico de DEC, disminuir la diseminación de estos patógenos y reducir así la morbi-mortalidad asociada a las diarreas en la población pediátrica.

Objective: Detect Escherichia coli pathotypes in a pediatric population with acute diarrheal disease in the city of Rosario to adopt timely and effective intervention measures in Public Health. Material and methods: A total of 360 fecal samples from pediatric patient with ADD and who attended in a pediatric hospital in Rosario, Argentina, were studied. The research was carried out from January 2021 to April 2022. The identification of pathotypes was carried out by polymerase chain reaction. Results: 21.11% diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) strains were identified. The virulence genes corresponding to all the pathotypes studied were detected: enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) (42.10%), enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) (23.68%), enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) (14.47%), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) (15.79%) and enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) (1.32%). Mixed EAEC/EPEC (1.32%) and ETEC/EAEC (1.32%) infections were detected. Conclusions: Molecular diagnostic methods are a fundamental tool in the study of the epidemiology of acute diarrheal disease. The application of these techniques is essential to identify the etiological agent of DEC, reduce the spread of these pathogens and thus reduce morbidity and mortality associated with diarrhea in the pediatric population.

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Resumen El panel BCID2 de BioFire® (BioFire, Salt Lake City, EE.UU.) utiliza un análisis de PCR múltiple a partir de hemocultivos positivos con resultados en una hora. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el desempeño del método a partir de hemocultivos positivos de pacientes sépticos en 5 hospitales de la Argentina. Se incluyeron 121 pacientes y 124 episodios. Con respecto a la identificación microbiana, la sensibilidad global y la correspondiente a los microorganismos incluidos en la base de datos fue del 94% y 97% respectivamente. La sensibilidad del BCID2 para detectar CTX-M, KPC, NDM, VIM, IMP, mecA/C, vanA/B fue del 100% y la especificidad fue del 99% para NDM y VIM y del 100% para el resto. Esto llevó a cambios en el tratamiento antimicrobiano en 57/98 episodios (58%). El panel BCID2 es una herramienta importante para la adecuación del tratamiento antimicrobiano de pacientes con sepsis.

Abstract The BioFire® BCID2 panel (BioFire, Salt Lake City, UT) uses multiplex PCR analysis from positive blood cultures with results within one hour. The objective of this study was to determine the performance of the method from positive blood cultures of septic patients in 5 hospitals in Argentina. A total of 121 patients and 124 episodes were included. With regard to microbial identification, the global sensitivity and that corresponding to the microorganisms included in the database was 94% and 97%, respectively. The sensitivity of BCID2 to detect CTX-M, KPC, NDM, VIM, IMP, mecA/C, vanA/B was 100% and the specificity was 99% for NDM and VIM and 100% for the rest. This led to changes in antimicrobial treatment in 57/98 episodes (58%). The BCID2 panel is an important tool for the adequacy of antimicrobial treatment of patients with sepsis.

Resumo Estudo multicêntrico argentino sobre a utilidade do painel BCID2 do Sistema FilmArray™ na detecção de bacteremia O painel BCID2 de BioFire® B (BioFire, Salt Lake City, EUA) utiliza uma análise de PCR múltipla de hemoculturas positivas com resultados em uma hora. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar o desempenho do método a partir de hemoculturas positivas de pacientes sépticos em 5 hospitais da Argentina. Cento e vinte e um pacientes e 124 episódios foram incluídos. No que se refere à identificação microbiana, a sensibilidade global e correspondente aos microrganismos incluídos na base de dados foi de 94% e 97%, respectivamente. A sensibilidade do BCID2 para detectar CTX-M, KPC, NDM, VIM, IMP, mecA/C, vanA/B foi de 100% e a especificidade foi de 99% para NDM e VIM e 100% para o resto. Isso levou a mudanças no tratamento antimicrobiano em 57/98 episódios (58%). O painel BCID2 é uma ferramenta importante para a adequação do tratamento antimicrobiano de pacientes com sepse.

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of passive ultrasonic activation on root canal disinfection. Sixty human teeth (group A: upper incisors, group B: upper canines, and group C: distobuccal root of first upper molars) were selected and sterilized in an autoclave. A standardized inoculum was placed into the canals, and they were incubated for 72 h at 37 degrees C. Then, they were divided into subgroup 1, which received sterile saline (SS) as an irrigant, and subgroup 2, which received sterile saline with passive ultrasonic activation (SU). The endodontic treatment was performed with a crown-down technique. Bacteriological identification of surviving colonies was carried out. Surviving colonies were higher when ultrasonics was not used (group A: SS: x 32.13, SU: x 13.53; group B: SS: x 53.70, SU: x 44.60; group C: SS: x 39.16, SU: x 29.40). The homogeneity proportion tests to compare the results of both subgroups showed that the surviving proportions were higher (p = 0.01) when the ultrasonic activation was not used.

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