RESUMO
Estudios antropológicos, etnológicos y arqueológicos muestran la evolución del cuidado de la piel desde la prehistoria. La preocupación del hombre por su aspecto estético se inicia con la humanidad misma. A través del tiempo se buscaron fórmulas cada vez más efectivas, para prolongar las condiciones de juventud y belleza. El aspecto estético de la piel siempre se relacionó con la buena salud. En la actualidad el dermatólogo posee sobrados elementos para recuperar y resaltar la salud y el cuidado de la piel.
Anthropologists and archeologists have traced the evolution of skin care since prehistory. The human concern for his aesthetic appearance dates since the beginning of humanity. Through time, more and more efficient formulations were looked for to extend youthfulness and beauty. An aesthetic skin has always been synonymous with health and at the present time the dermatologist has many resources to improve and acentuate the good quality of the skin.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Estética/história , Cosméticos/história , Remoção de Cabelo/históriaRESUMO
Con el objeto de cargar con antioxidantes de Larrea divaricata una dermis acelular porcina para propósitos terapéuticos, se determinó el contenido de polifenoles y antocianinas de extractos puros, aislados y absorbidos en una dermis acelular porcina. Los valores para polifenoles totales y antocianinas fueron: a) Larrea divaricata: 58,77 + 1,55 mg ácido gálico / 100 g peso fresco, 400,00 + 9,55 mg cianidina 3-glucósido / 100 g peso fresco, repectivamente, b) dermis acelular porcina: 8,86 + 0,55 mg ac. gállico / 100 g peso fresco y 0,10+ 0,00 mg cianidina 3-glucósido / 100 g peso fresco; respectivamente, c) Larrea divaricata absorbida en dermis acelular porcina 45,92 + 0,90 mg ácido gálico / 100 g peso fresco y 155,92 + 5,90 mg cianidina 3-glucósido / 100 g peso fresco, respectivamente. Nosotros concluimos que es posible tener una dermis acelular porcina cargada con antioxidantes de Larrea divaricata para propósitos médicos.
The aim of the study was to evaluate loading with antioxidants from Larrea divaricata a porcine acellular dermis for therapeutic purposes, poliphenols and anthocianins of pure extracts, isolated and absorbed in pig acellular dermis was evaluated. The following values (total polyphenols and anthocianins) were obtained: a) Larrea divaricata: 58,77 + 1,55 mg gallic acid / 100 g fresh weight; 400,95 + 9,55 mg cianydin 3- glucosyde / 100 g fresh weight; respectively; b) porcine acellular dermis: 8,86 + 0,55 mg gallic acid / 100 g fresh weight and 0,10+ 0,00 mg cianydin 3-glucosyde / 100 g fresh weight; respectively, c) L. divaricata absorbed in porcine acellular dermis: 45,92 + 0,90 mg gallic acid / 100 g fresh weight and 155,92 + 5,90 mg cianydin 3-glucosyde / 100 g fresh weight, respectively. We concluded that it is possible to get a porcine acellular dermis loaded with antioxidants from Larrea divaricata for medical purposes.
Assuntos
Animais , Derme Acelular/efeitos dos fármacos , Antioxidantes/uso terapêutico , Antocianinas/síntese química , Larrea/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Larrea/metabolismo , Polifenóis/síntese químicaRESUMO
Salt stress is one of the most serious factors limiting the productivity of rice, the staple diet in many countries. Gibberellic acid has been reported to reduce NaCl-induced growth inhibition in some plants including rice. Most paddy soils have a natural population of Cyanobacteria, prokaryotic photosynthethic microorganisms, which synthesize and liberate plant growth regulators such as gibberellins that could exert a natural beneficial effect on salt stressed rice plants. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of the cyanobacterium Scytonema hofmanni extracellular products on the growth of rice seedlings inhibited by NaCl and to compare it with the effect of the gibberellic acid in the same stress condition. Growth (length and weight of the seedlings) and biochemical parameters (5-aminolevulinate dehydratase activity, total free porphyrin and pigments content) were evaluated. Salt exposure negatively affected all parameters measured, with the exception of chlorophyll. Chlrorophyll concentrations nearly doubled upon exposure to high salt. Gibberellic acid counteracted the effect of salt on the length and dry weight of the shoot, and on carotenoid and chlorophyll b contents. Extracellular products nullified the salt effect on shoot dry weight and carotenoid content; partially counteracted the effect on shoot length (from 54% to 38% decrease), root dry weight (from 59% to 41% decrease) and total free porphyrin (from 31 to 13% decrease); reduced by 35% the salt increase of chlorophyll a; had no effect on root length and chlorophyll b. Gibberellic acid and extracellular products increased 5-aminolevulinate dehydratase activity over the control without salt. When coincident with high salinity, exposure to either EP or GA3, resulted in a reversal of shoot-related responses to salt stress. We propose that Scytonema hofmanni extracellular products may counteract altered hormone homeostasis of rice seedlings under salt stress by producing gibberellin-like plant growth regulators.
RESUMO
Los polifenoles (flavonoides y antocianinas) están ampliamente distribuidos entre las diferentes especies vegetales. Estos poseen gran capacidad antioxidante; existiendo correlación positiva entre la actividad antioxidante y los polifenoles totales. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar: 1° El contenido de polifenoles y antocianas totales de semillas, glumelas y extracto acuoso de Avena sativa L. 2° El efecto de la aplicación tópica de extracto acuoso de avena en 45 casos (10 mujeres y 35 hombres, entre 1 y 56 años de edad) con dermatitis atópica, dermatitis de contacto irritativa y dermatitis de contacto alérgica; y 30 controles normales (15 mujeres y 15 hombres, entre 1 y 60 años de edad). Tratamiento: aplicación de compresas del extracto crudo de avena en la piel dañada durante 5 minutos, seguida de la colocación de la biomasa (T°= 33 + 2°C) cubierta por una tela de gasa durante 5 minutos. Dicha biomasa se retira con el extracto de avena líquido. Entre 1 y 36 meses de iniciado el tratamiento se observó remisión de los síntomas cutáneos. El extracto acuoso, la biomasa de Avena sativa L., glumelas y semillas enteras contenían 6.12+0,45, 46,11+0,36, 212,81+0,19 y 286,60+0,50 mg/100 g ác. Gálico, respectivamente, de polifenoles totales.
Polyphenols (flavonoids and anthocyanins) are widely spread among the different vegetables species. They have a big antioxidant capacity. One important correlation exists between the antioxidant activity and the quantity of total polyphenols. The objective of this work was to evaluate: 1- the contents of polyphenols and anthocyanins of whole seeds, glumes and aqueous extract of Avena Sativa L., 2- the effects of topical application of aqueous extract of Avena sativa L. in 45 patients (10 females and 35 males, between 1 and 56 years olds) with Atopic Dermatitis, Contact Irritative Dermatitis and Contact Allergic Dermatitis, and 30 normal controls (15 females and 15 males, between 1 and 60 years olds). Treatment: were applications of compress of aqueous extract Avena Sativa L over the damaged skin for approximately five minutes, immediately after, one must cover with the biomass of oat (T° = 33 + 2 C°) and a clothe for five minutes. The biomass was removed using the Avena Sativa L. acqueous extract. Remissions of the cutaneous symptoms were noticed between 1 and 36 months after the beginning of the treatment. Aqueous extract, Avena Sativa L. biomass, glumes and whole seeds contents were: 6.12+0.45; 46.11+0.36, 212.81+0.19 y 286.60+0.50 mg/100 g gallic ac., respectively, of total polyphenols.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Avena/efeitos dos fármacos , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Dermatite Alérgica de Contato/terapia , Dermatite Atópica/terapia , Dermatite Irritante/terapia , Polifenóis/administração & dosagem , Polifenóis/biossíntese , Polifenóis/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
The effect of Pb2+ on growth, tetrapyrrole photosynthetic pigment content, total free porphyrin, and 5-aminolevulinate dehydratase (ALA-D) activity of a cyanobacterium, Microchaete tenera, and its ability to sequester Pb2+ from the culture medium were studied. Pb2+ was assayed by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry. M. tenera growth and chlorophyll a content were not affected by 0.5, 1.0, and 6.0 ppm of Pb2+. These treatments doubled the protein content and increased the phycobiliprotein content by four times after 7 days. The ALA-D activity decreased in all concentrations by 63% at day 7 and by 34% at day 14. As a consequence of ALA-D inhibition, total free porphyrin also decreased by 64% at day 7 and by 40% at day 14. The highest biomass lead uptake (7454 +/- 565 micrograms Pb2+/g dry weight) was observed at day 3 with 6.0 ppm of Pb2+ in the culture medium. Uptake coefficient was highest (3723 +/- 279 micrograms Pb2+ g-1 dry weight/ppm of applied Pb2+) with 1.0 ppm after 3 days. The increase in protein and antenna pigments on day 7 was probably a response to stress conditions and could explain why the toxic metal did not affect growth. ALA-D inhibition and high lead biomass content confirm the importance of this enzyme as a biological indicator for stress.
Assuntos
Cianobactérias/efeitos dos fármacos , Chumbo/toxicidade , Porfirinas/metabolismo , Cianobactérias/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Cianobactérias/metabolismo , Chumbo/análise , Fotossíntese , Sintase do Porfobilinogênio/metabolismoRESUMO
Spirulina plantesis es una cyanobacteria cuya biomasa posee un alto contenido en proteínas, vitaminas y ácidos grasos que justifica su uso como suplemento en la dieta. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar los efectos de la ingestión de S. platensis sobre el crecimiento, morfología y metabolismo en ratas Sprague-Dawley. 12 ratas hembras de 21 días de edad recibieron diarimente por sonda gástrica 2,0 ml de agua sin (control, N=6) o con 300mg S. platensis seca- pulverizada ( tratadas, N= 6), alimento comercial para roedores y agua ad libitum, durante 50 díaS. Los parámetros evaluados fueron: igesta de alimento comercial/día, peso corporal, ancho de cabeza, largo de la cola (semanalmente). Los animales fueron sacrificados, y se pesaron: hipófisis, hígado, riñones derecho e izquierdo, ciego, ovarios derecho e izquierdo, cuerpo uterino, páncreas, bazo y estómago. Se midio el ancho y largo de los pelos de la región externa de la oreja. La sangre se obtuvo por punción cardíaca; en elksuero se midieron, HDL, LDL y colesterol total, aspartato amino transferasa- GOT (AST), colinesterasa (ChE), y glutamil transferasa (y GT), fosfatasa alcalina, uremia, actividad de la enzima ALA-D y el contenido de pòrfirinas totales en hígado y pelos. Las ratas alimentadas con S. platensis no mostraron diferencias significativas en el crecimiento durante el tratamiento. Semanalmente, el peso corporal, ancho de cabeza y largo de cola no mostraron diferencias entre los tratamientos. El peso del ciego de los tratados (6,6583 +- 0,4209g) fue mayor (p<0,001) que los controles (5,0879 +- 0,9037g). No se observaron diferencias de peso en otros órganos. Los niveles de HDL, LDL y colesteroi total, GOT (AST), ChE, GT y uremia no mostraron diferencias entre tratadas y Control...
Assuntos
Ratos , Suplementos Nutricionais , Ratos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Ratos/metabolismo , Colesterol , PorfirinasRESUMO
Spirulina plantesis es una cyanobacteria cuya biomasa posee un alto contenido en proteínas, vitaminas y ácidos grasos que justifica su uso como suplemento en la dieta. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar los efectos de la ingestión de S. platensis sobre el crecimiento, morfología y metabolismo en ratas Sprague-Dawley. 12 ratas hembras de 21 días de edad recibieron diarimente por sonda gástrica 2,0 ml de agua sin (control, N=6) o con 300mg S. platensis seca- pulverizada ( tratadas, N= 6), alimento comercial para roedores y agua ad libitum, durante 50 díaS. Los parámetros evaluados fueron: igesta de alimento comercial/día, peso corporal, ancho de cabeza, largo de la cola (semanalmente). Los animales fueron sacrificados, y se pesaron: hipófisis, hígado, riñones derecho e izquierdo, ciego, ovarios derecho e izquierdo, cuerpo uterino, páncreas, bazo y estómago. Se midio el ancho y largo de los pelos de la región externa de la oreja. La sangre se obtuvo por punción cardíaca; en elksuero se midieron, HDL, LDL y colesterol total, aspartato amino transferasa- GOT (AST), colinesterasa (ChE), y glutamil transferasa (y GT), fosfatasa alcalina, uremia, actividad de la enzima ALA-D y el contenido de pòrfirinas totales en hígado y pelos. Las ratas alimentadas con S. platensis no mostraron diferencias significativas en el crecimiento durante el tratamiento. Semanalmente, el peso corporal, ancho de cabeza y largo de cola no mostraron diferencias entre los tratamientos. El peso del ciego de los tratados (6,6583 +- 0,4209g) fue mayor (p<0,001) que los controles (5,0879 +- 0,9037g). No se observaron diferencias de peso en otros órganos. Los niveles de HDL, LDL y colesteroi total, GOT (AST), ChE, GT y uremia no mostraron diferencias entre tratadas y Control...(AU)
Assuntos
Ratos , Ratos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Ratos/metabolismo , Suplementos Nutricionais , Porfirinas , ColesterolRESUMO
Among the abnormalities in erythrocyte porphyrin metabolism already described in patients with chronic renal failure on hemodialysis, a decrease in blood aminolevulinate dehydratase activity has been reported, suggesting the presence in uremic plasma of an inhibitor of the enzyme. The aim of this work has been to isolate and characterize such an inhibitor. Blood samples from 105 patients with chronic uremia were collected; plasma was applied to Sephadex G-100 columns and the fraction with the highest inhibiting capacity was identified and purified by subsequent SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, followed by electroelution and electroblotting. It was demonstrated that the factor present in plasma of uremic patients inhibited blood aminolevulinate dehydratase in a concentration-dependent manner; its inhibitory properties were abolished after heat, trypsin and TCA treatment indicating its peptidic nature. The purified inhibitor has an apparent molecular mass of 56.2 kD, it inhibits blood aminolevulinate dehydratase in a competitive way and the Ki value is 12x10(-6) M. The amino acid composition of the inhibitor has been determined and it has been found that its N-terminal amino acid is blocked. The isolated peptide may play a role in heme biosynthesis disturbances and in the pathogenesis of uremic anemia.