RESUMO
AIM: Frailty syndrome is related to decreased physiological complexity, functional capacity and cognition. Physical exercise has been suggested to slow down and reverse this syndrome. However, evidence of its effectiveness is not as straightforward as conventionally admitted, as there is a lack of trials with rigorous methodology. The purpose of this study was to describe the Pre-Frail Multicomponent Training Intervention protocol. METHODS: Cardiovascular, motor control and neuromuscular systems of pre-frail older adults will be assessed by measuring the complexity of the output of these systems. Functional capacity and cognition will be assessed by specific tools. A 16-week training protocol will be carried out on three alternate days, with 60-min sessions, and combining aerobic, muscle strength, flexibility and balance exercises. The objective of this intervention is to improve the cardiovascular, motor control and neuromuscular systems, as well as functional capacity and cognition of pre-frail older adults. The assessment of these systems will be carried out using gold standard devices. RESULTS: The results of the present study might allow clinical and functional support for the evaluation of the variables analyzed. CONCLUSION: This protocol is easily reproducible and requires low-cost materials, thus the Pre-Frail Multicomponent Training Intervention could be a therapeutic strategy for pre-frail older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 684-689.
Assuntos
Cognição , Educação/métodos , Terapia por Exercício/métodos , Fragilidade/prevenção & controle , Desempenho Físico Funcional , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Avaliação Geriátrica/métodos , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Individuals with diabetes may develop cardiac autonomic dysfunction that may be evaluated by heart rate variability (HRV). The aim was evaluated heart rate variability (HRV) of individuals with type 2 diabetes, without cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN), in response to active postural maneuver by means of nonlinear analysis (symbolic analysis, Shannon and conditional entropy) and correlate HRV parameters between them, glycated hemoglobin and diabetes duration. METHODS: Nineteen men with type 2 diabetes without CAN (T2D) and nineteen healthy men (CG), age-range from 40 to 60 years were studied. We assessed HRV in supine and orthostatic position using symbolic analysis (0V%, 1V%, 2LV% and 2UV%), Shannon and conditional entropy (SE and NCI). RESULTS: In supine position T2D presented higher sympathetic modulation (0V%) than CG. However, there was not any difference between groups for indexes of complexity (SE and NCI). Furthermore, T2D presented a preserved response of cardiac autonomic modulation after active postural maneuver. CONCLUSIONS: The present study showed that individuals with type 2 diabetes without CAN presented higher cardiac sympathetic modulation. However, the complexity of HRV was not influenced by imbalance of the autonomic modulation in individuals with type 2 diabetes. In addition, the response of autonomic nervous system in the heart remains preserved after active postural maneuver in individuals with type 2 diabetes, possibly due to the lack of CAN in this group.