RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Serious games are play-based technologies designed to teach users a wide range of concepts and skills applicable in the non-virtual environment. OBJECTIVES: This paper describes the process of developing a serious game for people with bipolar disorder to promote symptom recognition and the safe use of medications. METHODS: This study was based on the User-Centered Design methodological model and the theoretical framework for Participatory Design. We conducted interviews with health professionals and discussion circles with people with bipolar disorder and their family members in order to identify the learning needs related to symptom recognition and safe medication use. A categorical analysis was completed of the participants' reports and the scientific literature and formed the basis for the design of Mundo de Pólus. RESULTS: The game development process had three pillars (detailed in this manuscript): missions, simulation, and journal. The serious game focuses on the users' perceptions about their experience with the disorder, their interpersonal relationships, coping strategies, use of medications, and non-pharmacological treatments. CONCLUSIONS: These scientific and technological outcomes are useful to promote literacy and safety in medication therapy for people with bipolar disorder.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The objectives of this study were to identify the interaction between drug interaction risk, common mental disorders, use of psychiatric medication and quality of life in patients treated in primary health care settings in Brazil. In this quantitative research, 452 patients were interviewed in ten basic Brazilian health units. Sociodemographic and pharmacotherapeutic questionnaires, use of psychiatric medication, prevalence of common mental disorders, and quality of life were utilised. The structural equation model was used to evaluate the relationships among the variables. The prevalence of drug interaction risk was 66.59%. The variables associated with drug interaction risk were polypharmacy and income. The use of psychiatric medication was associated with diagnosis of common mental disorders, income and gender. The use of psychiatric medication and common mental disorders negatively influenced quality of life.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The aim of the study was to evaluate the patients' quality of life in Brazil's Family Health Strategy and its association with sociodemographic factors, presence of common mental disorders, and use of psychotropic drugs. Were interviewed 442 patients. Tools were: World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment-Bref and Self Reporting Questionnaire. Male and low education were strongly associated with higher quality of life. Use of psychotropic drugs and the presence of CMD were strongly associated with poor quality of life. There is a pressing need for primary health care professionals to invest in tracking, and in holistic interventions that are able to cover the healthcare needs of these vulnerable groups.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The study aims were to analyze patients' adherence to psychotropic medications and its association with sociodemographic factors, therapeutic regimen, presence of common mental disorders, and illness factors. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in ten Primary Health Care units in Brazil. The tools were the Measurement of Treatment Adherence Test and the Self Reporting Questionnaire. Nonadherence to psychotropic drugs was 88.9%. There was association between adherence and age and among patients positive for Common Mental Disorders (97.8%). In the multivariate analysis this association was not maintained. Findings indicate strategies are needed to improve medication adherence in the Primary Health Care services. However, no strategy will be effective if patients and their families are not involved in the process.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Medication adherence is related to patient satisfaction with family support. This research aimed to understand the meaning of pharmacotherapy to families of people with major depressive disorder. This qualitative study employed Grounded Theory and Symbolic Interactionism. Seventeen families of people with depression from a Brazilian clinic were included. Data was collected from 2013 to 2014, using open interviews, which were analyzed by open, axial, and selective coding. Medication represented "Tranquility and worry" because it re-established tranquility in family routine, but generated concerns. Thus, families were conflicted and ambivalent about medications, and they interfered with the promotion or impairment of adherence.

Assuntos

RESUMO

ABSTRACT This study analyzed the medication systems in psychiatric units of a general hospital and a psychiatric hospital in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. It is a quantitative and cross-sectional, exploratory survey study with 144 professionals from the areas of medication, nursing and pharmacy. Data were collected by direct, non-participative observation and by medical records review. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Factors that affect patient safety, such as interruptions during prescription, handwritten changes to electronic prescriptions, limited handling of the electronic prescription system, unavailable clinical pharmacy, mistakes in activities related to the preparation and administration of medications and other factors were identified. The study reveals the susceptible points for the occurrence of medication errors in psychiatric hospitalization departments and discusses recommendations and technological resources that can promote security in the medication system.

RESUMEN Este estudio analizó los sistemas de medicación en unidades psiquiátricas de un hospital general y de un hospital psiquiátrico del interior del estado de Sao Paulo, en Brasil. Estudio cuantitativo, transversal y exploratorio. Participaron de la encuesta 144 profesionales de medicina, enfermería y farmacia. Los datos fueron obtenidos por medio de observación no participante directa y revisión de fichas médicas y se analizaron por estadística descriptiva. Fueron identificados factores que no favorecen la seguridad del paciente como: interrupciones durante la actividad de prescripción; modificaciones escritas en prescripciones electrónicas; restricciones en la manipulación del sistema electrónico de prescripción, indisponibilidad farmacéutica; fallas en las actividades relacionadas en la preparación y administración de los medicamentos, y otros factores. Este estudio revela puntos vulnerables para casos de errores de medicación en servicios de internación psiquiátrica y discute recomendaciones y recursos tecnológicos que pueden promover la seguridad en el sistema de medicación.

RESUMO Este estudo analisou os sistemas de medicação em unidades de psiquiatria de um hospital geral e de um hospital psiquiátrico, do interior de São Paulo, Brasil. Trata-se de estudo quantitativo, transversal, tipo survey exploratório e realizado com 144 profissionais da medicina, enfermagem e farmácia. Os dados foram coletados por observação não participante direta e revisão em prontuários e foram analisados por estatística descritiva. Foram identificados fatores que desfavorecem a segurança do paciente como interrupções, durante a atividade de prescrição, alterações manuscritas em prescrições eletrônicas, restrições no manuseio do sistema eletrônico de prescrição, indisponibilidade de farmácia clínica, falhas nas atividades relacionadas ao preparo e à administração dos medicamentos e outros. Este estudo revela pontos vulneráveis para a ocorrência de erros de medicação em serviços de internação psiquiátrica e discute recomendações e recursos tecnológicos que podem promover a segurança no sistema de medicação.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Objetivo Investigar a prevalência de uso de psicotrópicos e fatores associados na atenção primária à saúde com fatores sociodemográficos, farmacoterapêuticos, histórico de saúde e Transtornos Mentais Comuns.Método Estudo transversal que incluiu 430 pacientes de atenção primária à saúde. O instrumento de pesquisa foi o Self-reporting Questionnaire e prontuários. Para análise, utilizou-se teste qui-quadrado na análise univariada e regressão logística na multivariada.Resultados A prevalência de uso de psicotrópicos foi de 25,8%. Houve associação entre uso de psicofármacos e transtornos mentais comuns, uso de medicamentos não psicofármacos, número de medicamentos prescritos, número de comprimidos/dia, patologias clínicas, idade e escolaridade. Na análise multivariada os preditores para uso de psicofármacos foram: transtornos mentais comuns, patologias clínicas e escolaridade.Conclusão A prevalência de uso de psicofármacos e os fatores associados variaram conforme a análise uni ou multivariada.

Objective Investigating the prevalence in the use of psychotropics and associated factors in primary health care withsocio-demographic and pharmacotherapeutic factors, medical history, and Common Mental Disorders.Methods A cross-section study which includes 430 primary health care patients. The research instruments were Self-reporting Questionnaires and medical records. A chi-squared test was used in the univariate analysis, and a logistic regression was used in the multivariate analysis.Results The prevalence in the use of psychotropics was 25.8%. There was an association among the use of psychiatric drugs and common mental disorders, use of non-psychiatric drugs, number of medications prescribed,number of pills a day, clinical pathologies, age, and schooling. In the multivariate analysis, the predictors for the use of psychiatric drugs were: common mental disorders, clinical pathologies, and schooling.Conclusion The prevalence in the use of psychiatric drugs and the associated factors varied according to the univariate or the multivariate analyses.

RESUMO

A ergologia é a perspectiva científica e filosófica que estuda o trabalho humano buscando contemplar a atividade humanaem todas as suas dimensões, fundamentada no projeto de melhor conhecer o trabalho para intervir e transfomá-lo. Trata-se de um estudo teórico-reflexivo cujo objetivo foi discorrer e refletir acerca da ergologia como referencial teórico e suas possibilidades de utilização na assistência e pesquisa em enfermagem. A ergologia como referencial teórico é deextrema importância e aplicação prática. Há que se intensificar a execução de suas práticas nas pesquisas e na assistência de enfermagem, ampliando e maximizando a qualidade da assistência prestada aos pacientes bem como a qualidade de vida dos trabalhadores.

Ergology is scientific and philosophical perspective that studies human work that seeks to address humman activity in all its dimensions, based on the project de better understand the work to intervene and transform. This is a theoretical and areflective study whose aimed to discuss and reflect on ergology as theoretical framework and their ability to be used incare and nursing research. It was found that as a theoretical reference ergology is of utmost importance and practicalapplication. Ergology theoretical framework is of paramount importance and practical application. It is necessary to intensify the implementation of its practices in research and nursing care, expanding and maximizing the quality of care provided to patients and the quality of life of workers.

La ergología es una perspectiva científica y filosófica que estudia el trabajo humano que busca contemplar la actividad humana en todas sus dimensiones, con base en el proyecto de conocer mejor el trabajo para intervenir y transformarlo. Se trata de un estudio teórico y reflexivo cuyo objetivo fue discutir y reflexionar sobre la ergología como marco teórico y sus posibilidades de ser utilizado en la atención e investigación en enfermería. Ergología como marco teórico es de suma importancia y aplicación práctica. Es necesario intensificar la aplicación de sus prácticas en la investigación y en elcuidado de enfermería, expandiéndose y maximizar la calidad de atención prestada a los pacientes y la calidad de vida de los trabajadores.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Objetivou-se caracterizar e analisar o consumo, a orientação e o conhecimento acerca dos antidepressivos utilizados poracadêmicos de um curso de graduação em Enfermagem.Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, realizado em umauniversidadepública no interior do Estado de Minas Gerais. O número de acadêmicos que fazem uso com frequência demedicamentosantidepressivos foi de 19, equivalendo a 26% dos 72participantes da pesquisa. Utilizou-se um questionário adaptado e aanálise descritiva dos dados. Destacaram-se o consumo do medicamento Cloridrato de Fluoxetina por 45 participantes(63%), a dose de 25 a 40mg 32 (44%), tristeza 18 (25%) e depressão 17 (24%) como motivos, a orientaçãorecebida por 18(95%) e a ocorrência de dúvida quanto ao tratamentopor 11 participantes (58%). Com relação ao conhecimento, observou-se que 7 participantes (37%) desconhecem totalmenteo antidepressivo consumido. Faz-se necessário implementarestratégias de cunho educativo objetivando proporcionar maior conhecimento aos acadêmicos quanto ao uso, efeitoscolaterais e terapêuticos dos antidepressivos a fimde modificar o cenário apresentado, propiciando umconhecimentomais amplo e consequentemente a otimização da terapêutica.

Assuntos

RESUMO

A automedicação pode causar efeitos adversos, reações alérgicas e intoxicações. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a automedicação no que concerne à frequência, motivos, justificativas, tempo de ingesta e influências, em idosos pertencentes a uma Estratégia Saúde da Família de um município do interior do estado de Minas Gerais. Trata-se de estudo descritivo realizado com 50 idosos, a partir de questionário validado, aplicado nos meses de janeiro a março de 2011. Destacou-se, em relação aos motivos, que a dor foi relatada por 41(82%) dos participantes, seguido de gripe, com 8(16%). Em relação à justificativa, 29(58%) por possuírem o medicamento em domicílio e 5(10%) devido ao difícil acesso à consulta. No que concerne às influências, 31(62%) reportaram-se à publicidade/mídia. Cabe à enfermagem tornar reais as soluções no âmbito de educar e informar a população em relação à automedicação.

Self-medication may cause side effects, allergic reactions and intoxications. This study aimed to identify and analyze self-medication with regard to the frequency, reasons, justifications, time ingesta and influences in elderly participating in a Family Health Strategy of a city in the state of Minas Gerais. It is a descriptive study with 50 elderly using a validated questionnaire, applied in January to March 2011. The main reason for self-medication was pain, reported by 41(82%) followed by influenza with 8(16%). Regarding justification 29(58%) reported that was for possessing the drug at home and five (10%) due to difficult access to the medical appointment. Advertising/media was reported for 31(62%) of participants as the influence for self-medication. It is up to nursing make real solutions in the context of educating and informing the population in addition to facilitate access to health services.

La automedicación puede causar efectos adversos, reacciones alérgicas y intoxicaciones. Este estudio objetivó describir la automedicación en lo que concierne a la frecuencia, razones, justificaciones, tiempo de ingesta e influencias en ancianos pertenecientes a una Estratégia Salud de la Família, de una ciudad de Minas Gerais-Brasil. És un estudio descriptivo, realizado con 50 ancianos, a partir de un cuestionario validado, aplicado de enero a marzo de 2011. Se destacó, en relación a los motivos, que el dolor fué reportado por 41(82%) de los participantes, seguido por gripe, con 8(16%). En relación a la justificación 29(58%) por tener el medicamento en casa y 5(10%) devido al difícil acceso al médico. En cuanto a las influencias, 31(62%) se refirieron a los medios de comunicción. Cabe a la enfermería llegar a verdaderas soluciones educativas e informativas en relación a la automedicación.

Assuntos