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Fibropapillomatosis is a debilitating neoplastic disease associated with Chelonid alphaherpesvirus 5 (ChHV5) infection. We detected the Atlantic variant of ChHV5 associated with a fibropapilloma in a green turtle (Chelonia mydas) found stranded on the western coast of Rio de la Plata, Argentina. This is the southernmost registered case for the southwestern Atlantic.

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Abstract Rhinosporidiosis is caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi, a parasitic organism of the family Rhinosporideacea family, class Micomycetozoa. The disease is endemic in India; however, some cases were reported in Europe, Africa, North America, and South America. The aim of the present study is to report three cases of rhinosporidiosis in wild horses in different cities of Buenos Aires province, Argentina. We confirm the presence of R. seeberi in the analyzed samples using histopathological and PCR sequencing techniques.

Resumen La rinosporidiosis es una enfermedad causada por Rhinosporidium seeberi, un organismo parasitario clasificado en la familia Rhinosporideacea, clase Micomycetozoa. Es una enfermedad endémica de la India, pero se notificaron algunos casos en Europa, África, América del Norte y América del Sur. El objetivo del presente estudio fue describir tres casos de rinosporidiosis en caballos de vida libre en diferentes ciudades de la provincia de Buenos Ares, Argentina. Confirmamos la presencia de R. seeberi en las muestras analizadas utilizando técnicas histopatológicas, PCR y secuenciación.

RESUMO

Rhinosporidiosis is caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi, a parasitic organism of the family Rhinosporideacea family, class Micomycetozoa. The disease is endemic in India; however, some cases were reported in Europe, Africa, North America, and South America. The aim of the present study is to report three cases of rhinosporidiosis in wild horses in different cities of Buenos Aires province, Argentina. We confirm the presence of R. seeberi in the analyzed samples using histopathological and PCR sequencing techniques.

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The aim of the present study was to compare the endometrial gene expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), nodal growth differentiation factor (NODAL), prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), oestrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) and progesterone receptor (PGR) in repeat breeder cows (RBC) and non-RBC during diestrus. Endometrial samples were collected by cytobrush technique and stored in RNA stabilizing solution at -20°C until RT-qPCR analysis. Differences in endometrial mRNA expression of selected genes were assessed by ANOVA and simple (r) and the partial correlations (rp) among selected genes were performed. Results demonstrated that mRNA expression of EGFR and NODAL were higher in RBC than in non-RBC (3 and 25-fold change, p < .01 and p < .01, respectively), while the mRNA expression of PTGS2 was lower (1.56-fold change, p < .01). Although there were no differences detected in the mRNA expression of ESR1 and PGR, there was a positive correlation between the expression of ESR1 and EGFR (0.84, p < .05) and a negative correlation between PGR and PTGS2 (-0.49, p < .05). In conclusion, the difference on the endometrial mRNA expression of the genes included in the study between RBC and non-RBC indicates a deregulation of important mechanisms that are vital to establish a successful pregnancy. Thus, the present study provides useful insight as a base for future studies to elucidate the causes of RBC.

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Equine influenza virus is a leading cause of respiratory disease in horses worldwide. Disease prevention is by vaccination with inactivated whole virus vaccines. Most current influenza vaccines are generated in embryonated hens eggs. Virions are harvested from allantoic fluid and chemically inactivated. Although this system has served well over the years, the use of eggs as the substrate for vaccine production has several well-recognized disadvantages (cost, egg supply, waste disposal and yield in eggs). The aim of this study was to evaluate a baculovirus system as a potential method for producing recombinant equine influenza hemagglutinin to be used as a vaccine. The hemagglutinin ectodomain (HA1 subunit) was cloned and expressed using a baculovirus expression vector. The expression was determined by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting. A high yield, 20 μg/ml of viral protein, was obtained from recombinant baculovirus-infected cells. The immune response in BALB/c mice was examined following rHA1 inoculation. Preliminary results show that recombinant hemagglutinin expressed from baculovirus elicits a strong antibody response in mice; therefore it could be used as an antigen for subunit vaccines and diagnostic tests.(AU)

El virus de la influenza equina es una de las principales causas de enfermedad respiratoria en caballos de todo el mundo. La prevención de la enfermedad es a través de la vacunación con vacunas a virus inactivado. La mayoría de las vacunas se producen en huevos embrionados, de los cuales los viriones son cosechados del líquido alantoideo e inactivados químicamente. Aunque este sistema ha servido bien durante años, el uso de huevos como sustrato para la producción de vacuna presenta varias desventajas bien reconocidas (costo, provisión de huevos, manejo de los residuos, rinde por huevo). El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar preliminarmente un sistema de expresión en baculovirus como método de producción de hemoaglutinina recombinante (rHA) para ser utilizada como vacuna para la prevención de la influenza equina. Para ello el ectodominio de la hemaglutinina (la subunidad HA1) del virus de la influenza equina se expresó en células de insecto infectadas con un baculovirus recombinante. La expresión fue demostrada por SDS-PAGE e inmunoblotting. El método empleado fue capaz de producir gran cantidad de rHA1. En este estudio se obtuvieron 20 μg/ml (200 μg de HA1 purificada de 2,5x107 células infectadas). La respuesta inmune fue evaluada mediante la inmunización de ratones BALB/c. Los resultados preliminares demostraron que la proteína recombinante expresada en baculovirus genera una fuerte respuesta inmune en ratones, por lo tanto podría ser utilizada como antígeno para la producción de una vacuna a subunidades y en pruebas diagnósticas.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Equine influenza virus is a leading cause of respiratory disease in horses worldwide. Disease prevention is by vaccination with inactivated whole virus vaccines. Most current influenza vaccines are generated in embryonated hens' eggs. Virions are harvested from allantoic fluid and chemically inactivated. Although this system has served well over the years, the use of eggs as the substrate for vaccine production has several well-recognized disadvantages (cost, egg supply, waste disposal and yield in eggs). The aim of this study was to evaluate a baculovirus system as a potential method for producing recombinant equine influenza hemagglutinin to be used as a vaccine. The hemagglutinin ectodomain (HA1 subunit) was cloned and expressed using a baculovirus expression vector. The expression was determined by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting. A high yield, 20 μg/ml of viral protein, was obtained from recombinant baculovirus-infected cells. The immune response in BALB/c mice was examined following rHA1 inoculation. Preliminary results show that recombinant hemagglutinin expressed from baculovirus elicits a strong antibody response in mice; therefore it could be used as an antigen for subunit vaccines and diagnostic tests.

El virus de la influenza equina es una de las principales causas de enfermedad respiratoria en caballos de todo el mundo. La prevención de la enfermedad es a través de la vacunación con vacunas a virus inactivado. La mayoría de las vacunas se producen en huevos embrionados, de los cuales los viriones son cosechados del líquido alantoideo e inactivados químicamente. Aunque este sistema ha servido bien durante años, el uso de huevos como sustrato para la producción de vacuna presenta varias desventajas bien reconocidas (costo, provisión de huevos, manejo de los residuos, rinde por huevo). El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar preliminarmente un sistema de expresión en baculovirus como método de producción de hemoaglutinina recombinante (rHA) para ser utilizada como vacuna para la prevención de la influenza equina. Para ello el ectodominio de la hemaglutinina (la subunidad HA1) del virus de la influenza equina se expresó en células de insecto infectadas con un baculovirus recombinante. La expresión fue demostrada por SDS-PAGE e inmunoblotting. El método empleado fue capaz de producir gran cantidad de rHA1. En este estudio se obtuvieron 20 μg/ml (200 μg de HA1 purificada de 2,5x107 células infectadas). La respuesta inmune fue evaluada mediante la inmunización de ratones BALB/c. Los resultados preliminares demostraron que la proteína recombinante expresada en baculovirus genera una fuerte respuesta inmune en ratones, por lo tanto podría ser utilizada como antígeno para la producción de una vacuna a subunidades y en pruebas diagnósticas.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Equine influenza virus is a leading cause of respiratory disease in horses worldwide. Disease prevention is by vaccination with inactivated whole virus vaccines. Most current influenza vaccines are generated in embryonated hens' eggs. Virions are harvested from allantoic fluid and chemically inactivated. Although this system has served well over the years, the use of eggs as the substrate for vaccine production has several well-recognized disadvantages (cost, egg supply, waste disposal and yield in eggs). The aim of this study was to evaluate a baculovirus system as a potential method for producing recombinant equine influenza hemagglutinin to be used as a vaccine. The hemagglutinin ectodomain (HA1 subunit) was cloned and expressed using a baculovirus expression vector. The expression was determined by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting. A high yield, 20µg/ml of viral protein, was obtained from recombinant baculovirus-infected cells. The immune response in BALB/c mice was examined following rHA1 inoculation. Preliminary results show that recombinant hemagglutinin expressed from baculovirus elicits a strong antibody response in mice; therefore it could be used as an antigen for subunit vaccines and diagnostic tests.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Equine influenza virus is a leading cause of respiratory disease in horses worldwide. Disease prevention is by vaccination with inactivated whole virus vaccines. Most current influenza vaccines are generated in embryonated hens eggs. Virions are harvested from allantoic fluid and chemically inactivated. Although this system has served well over the years, the use of eggs as the substrate for vaccine production has several well-recognized disadvantages (cost, egg supply, waste disposal and yield in eggs). The aim of this study was to evaluate a baculovirus system as a potential method for producing recombinant equine influenza hemagglutinin to be used as a vaccine. The hemagglutinin ectodomain (HA1 subunit) was cloned and expressed using a baculovirus expression vector. The expression was determined by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting. A high yield, 20Ag/ml of viral protein, was obtained from recombinant baculovirus-infected cells. The immune response in BALB/c mice was examined following rHA1 inoculation. Preliminary results show that recombinant hemagglutinin expressed from baculovirus elicits a strong antibody response in mice; therefore it could be used as an antigen for subunit vaccines and diagnostic tests.

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RESUMO

Honey bee mortality has recently been associated with Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV), a proposed etiological agent for a new syndrome known as Colony Collapse Disorder. Bees infected with this virus show shivering wings, progress into paralysis, and finally die outside the hive. During the last years, honey bee mortality became a serious problem for Argentinean beekeepers. We herein report the preliminary results of a survey carried out to detect IAPV in samples taken from several Argentine provinces, by using a reverse transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction assay. Our data indicate the existence of high frequency of IAPV in asymptomatic hives of Argentina.

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RESUMO

Honey bee mortality has recently been associated with Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV), a proposed etiological agent for a new syndrome known as Colony Collapse Disorder. Bees infected with this virus show shivering wings, progress into paralysis, and finally die outside the hive. During the last years, honey bee mortality became a serious problem for Argentinean beekeepers. We herein report the preliminary results of a survey carried out to detect IAPV in samples taken from several Argentine provinces, by using a reverse transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction assay. Our data indicate the existence of high frequency of IAPV in asymptomatic hives of Argentina.

Recientemente la mortalidad de las abejas melíferas ha sido asociada al virus israelí de la parálisis aguda (IAPV), propuesto como agente etiológico del denominado síndrome de despoblamiento de las colmenas. Las abejas infectadas con este virus presentan temblores en las alas que progresan hasta convertirse en parálisis, y finalmente mueren fuera de la colmena. Durante los últimos años, la mortalidad de las abejas melíferas se ha transformado en un serio problema para los productores de miel de la Argentina. Nosotros informamos aquí los resultados preliminares de un estudio realizado para detectar IAPV en muestras de colmenas provenientes de varias provincias argentinas utilizando la técnica de transcripción reversa-reacción en cadena de la polimerasa. Nuestros datos indican la presencia de IAPV en un alto porcentaje de las colonias estudiadas.

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