RESUMO

Sunflower is suitable for family farmers from Northeast Brazil who are benefited by the production of grain and oil and is adequate for crop rotation and for honey production. The need for irrigation in this region leads to the realization of this study for evaluating the production components of four sunflower genotypes irrigated with different levels of water salinity. The study was carried out in the municipality of Remigio, Paraíba, Brazil, using a randomized block with split plots experimental design in a 5 x 4 factorial arrangement. Treatments consisted of five electrical conductivity levels of the irrigation water at 25 °C (L1 - 0.14 (reservoir water), L2 - 1.50, L3 - 2.50, L4 - 3.50, and L5 - 4.50 dS m- 1), and four sunflower genotypes (C1 - Embrapa 122-V2000, C2 - Olisun 03, C3 - AG 963, and C4 - Multissol) with three replicates. The irrigation water salinity levels tested did not influence the variables studied. Different values of the variables among sunflower genotypes were due to characteristics inherent to each genotype. Sunflower genotype Olisun 03 presented the highest oil content, while the lowest content was observed in Multissol.

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RESUMO

The proper management of irrigation and mineral nutrition is critical to the success of crops, especially crops grown under salt stress conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the production and oil content of castor plants (Ricinus communis L.) irrigated with brackish water with different salinity levels (0.6, 1.6, 2.6, 3.6, and 4.6 dS m-1) and grown under different nitrogen levels (50, 75, 100, 125, and 150 mg of N kg-1 soil). These treatments were arranged in a completely randomized block design with a 5 × 5 factorial scheme and three repetitions, totaling 75 experimental units. The interaction effect between salinity levels and nitrogen levels affected fruit weight per plant and oil content, and irrigation with brackish water with an electrical conductivity starting at 0.6 dS m-1 reduced the number of racemes per plant, number of fruits, and the weight of fruits and seeds.(AU)

O manejo adequado da irrigação e da nutrição mineral é fundamental para o êxito de cultivos, ainda mais, sob condições de estresse salino. Neste viés, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a produção e teor de óleo da mamoneira (Ricinus communis L.) irrigada com águas salobras (0,6; 1,6; 2,6; 3,6 e 4,6 dS m-1) sob aplicação de doses de adubação nitrogenada a base de ureia (50, 75, 100, 125 e 150 mg de N kg-1 de solo). Estes tratamentos foram distribuídos em blocos inteiramente casualizados, analisados em esquema fatorial 5 x 5, com três repetições, totalizando 75 unidades experimentais. A interação salinidade vs nitrogênio influenciou o comportamento do peso dos frutos por planta assim como o seu teor de óleo, e a aplicação de água salobra via irrigação com condutividade elétrica a partir de 0,6 dS m-1 provocou reduções no número de racemos e frutos por planta, peso dos frutos e de sementes.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

The proper management of irrigation and mineral nutrition is critical to the success of crops, especially crops grown under salt stress conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the production and oil content of castor plants (Ricinus communis L.) irrigated with brackish water with different salinity levels (0.6, 1.6, 2.6, 3.6, and 4.6 dS m-1) and grown under different nitrogen levels (50, 75, 100, 125, and 150 mg of N kg-1 soil). These treatments were arranged in a completely randomized block design with a 5 × 5 factorial scheme and three repetitions, totaling 75 experimental units. The interaction effect between salinity levels and nitrogen levels affected fruit weight per plant and oil content, and irrigation with brackish water with an electrical conductivity starting at 0.6 dS m-1 reduced the number of racemes per plant, number of fruits, and the weight of fruits and seeds.

O manejo adequado da irrigação e da nutrição mineral é fundamental para o êxito de cultivos, ainda mais, sob condições de estresse salino. Neste viés, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a produção e teor de óleo da mamoneira (Ricinus communis L.) irrigada com águas salobras (0,6; 1,6; 2,6; 3,6 e 4,6 dS m-1) sob aplicação de doses de adubação nitrogenada a base de ureia (50, 75, 100, 125 e 150 mg de N kg-1 de solo). Estes tratamentos foram distribuídos em blocos inteiramente casualizados, analisados em esquema fatorial 5 x 5, com três repetições, totalizando 75 unidades experimentais. A interação salinidade vs nitrogênio influenciou o comportamento do peso dos frutos por planta assim como o seu teor de óleo, e a aplicação de água salobra via irrigação com condutividade elétrica a partir de 0,6 dS m-1 provocou reduções no número de racemos e frutos por planta, peso dos frutos e de sementes.

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RESUMO

Law 12305/10, National Solid Waste Policy of Brazil, banned the disposal in landfills of any solid waste that could be converted to another use. Sludge produced at Industrial Wastewater Treatment Plants, which contains components characteristic of fertilizers, falls into this category. This type of sludge, also known as a biosolid, has great potential to replace commercial chemical fertilization. The use of biosolids in agriculture allows for compliance with new legislation, reducing the burden on landfills and reusing a waste product. The present paper utilizes the life cycle assessment methodology to compare the carbon footprint associated with the use of different quantities of biosolid and selected chemical fertilizers in the production of elephant grass. The IPCC 2013 GWP 100a method, which is based on data published by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, was selected as the environmental assessment method. The method expresses the emissions of greenhouse gases generated, in kilograms of CO2 equivalent, over a time horizon of 100 years. The biosolid quantities used were based on the Brazilian Environment Council Resolution 375. The chemical fertilizer used contained urea, simple superphosphate, and potassium chloride. The use of biosolids in the amounts calculated according to Brazilian standards resulted in a carbon footprint approximately 17.7% lower than the use of the chemical fertilization mix, with similar productivity in both cases. The transportation of biosolids to the experimental area was responsible for the majority of emissions associated with the use of biosolids. Urea synthesis was the largest contributor to emissions resulting from the use of commercial chemical fertilizer, accounting for 73.6% of total emissions.

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