RESUMO
El informe se estructura en capítulos que describen diferentes dimensiones de la salud de los y las adolescentes del país. En el primer capitulo se describen las fuentes que utilizaron para el diagnostico. Los capítulos siguientes abordan en forma sucesiva la dimensión sociodemográfica, la situación de salud enfermedad, incluyendo la salud sexual y reproductiva, la alimentación, la actividad física, la salud mental, las violencias, el consumo de sustancias y la mortalidad de los y las adolescentes y el acceso a los servicios de salud
Assuntos
Adolescente , Adolescente , Dados Estatísticos , Doença , Saúde ReprodutivaRESUMO
It has been observed that victims of accidental overexposures show better chance of survival if they receive medical treatment early. The increased risk of scenarios involving mass casualties has stimulated the scientific community to develop tools that would help the medical doctors to treat victims. The biological dosimetry has become a routine test to estimate the dose, supplementing physical and clinical dosimetry. In case of radiation emergencies, in order to provide timely and effectively biological dosimetry assistance it is essential to guarantee an adequate transport of blood samples in principal, for providing support to countries that do not have biodosimetry laboratories. The objective of the present paper is to provide general guidelines, summarised in 10 points, for timely and proper receiving and sending of blood samples under National and International regulations, for safe and expeditious international transport. These guidelines cover the classification, packaging, marking, labelling, refrigeration and documentation requirements for the international shipping of blood samples and pellets, to provide assistance missions with a tool that would contribute with the preparedness for an effective biodosimetric response in cases of radiological or nuclear emergencies.
Assuntos
Carga Corporal (Radioterapia) , Guias como Assunto , Lesões por Radiação/diagnóstico , Radiometria/métodos , Medição de Risco , Gestão da Segurança/métodos , Meios de Transporte , Humanos , Agências Internacionais , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
In order to effectively respond to and minimize the psychological impact following disasters, such as radio-nuclear ones, it is essential to understand the mechanisms involved in such conditions and how to prevent and treat the psychological impacts, including those related to acute traumatic stress and its consequences across life span. Radio-nuclear emergencies may cause psychological traumatic stress, with its potentially significant consequences in mental health, with both short and long-term effects, which extend beyond the individuals directly affected. Ionizing radiation cannot be perceived by human senses and most people are unaware of the magnitude of its effects, which could result in feelings of helplessness and vulnerability. Those situations with a high degree of uncertainty, regarding potential future health effects, are more psychologically traumatic than others. The present century has witnessed a steady increase in the number of publications concerning the mental health impact of traumatic events, showing the need of increasing the study of traumatic stress and its impact on mental health. A prompt, planned and effective response to manage disaster-induced acute traumatic stress may prevent the evolutionary reactions of traumatic stress into disorders or even chronic stress diseases that can appear after a nuclear or radiological emergency.