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The aim of this study was to describe oral lesions in a group of patients with COVID-19. We recruited 55 patients, 25 women (45.5%) and 30 men (54.5%), aged between 1 and 89 years with confirmed COVID-19 at different stages of severity. After obtaining informed consent, we examined their mouths and recorded clinical findings. Forty percent of the patients had at least 1 oral lesion. The most common lesions were candidiasis and ulcers (7 patients each); 2 patients had enanthems. Geographic tongue and caviar tongue were also observed. Altered taste, dry mouth, and painful/burning mouth were noted in 60%, 27.3%, and 36.4% of patients, respectively. Oral mucosal alterations and lesions were prevalent in this series of COVID-19 patients. Altered taste and a painful/burning mouth were common symptoms.

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The aim of this study was to describe oral lesions in a group of patients with COVID-19. We recruited 55 patients, 25 women (45.5%) and 30 men (54.5%), aged between 1 and 89 years with confirmed COVID-19 at different stages of severity. After obtaining informed consent, we examined their mouths and recorded clinical findings. Forty percent of the patients had at least 1 oral lesion. The most common lesions were candidiasis and ulcers (7 patients each); 2 patients had enanthems. Geographic tongue and caviar tongue were also observed. Altered taste, dry mouth, and painful/burning mouth were noted in 60%, 27.3%, and 36.4% of patients, respectively. Oral mucosal alterations and lesions were prevalent in this series of COVID-19 patients. Altered taste and a painful/burning mouth were common symptoms.

El propósito de este trabajo fue caracterizar las alteraciones orales en un grupo de pacientes COVID-19. Para ello se evaluaron 55 pacientes hospitalizados, confirmados COVID-19 en distintos estadios de severidad. Previo consentimiento informado, se examinó la cavidad oral y se registraron los hallazgos clínicos. El grupo de estudio estuvo conformado por 25 mujeres (45,5%) y 30 hombres (54,5%), con edades comprendidas entre 1 y 89 años. Un 40% de los pacientes mostraron alguna lesión bucal. Las lesiones más comunes fueron candidiasis y ulceraciones (7 pacientes cada uno) y en dos pacientes se observó enantema. También se encontraron alteraciones de la normalidad como glositis migratoria y varicosidades linguales. Asimismo, se registraron alteraciones del gusto, xerostomía y dolor/ardor bucal en el 60%, 27,3% y 36,4% respectivamente. En los pacientes COVID-19 se observaron con frecuencia alteraciones y lesiones en la mucosa bucal. Finalmente, la disgeusia y el dolor y/o el ardor oral fueron síntomas comunes en estos pacientes.

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RESUMEN El melanoma mucoso maligno es un tumor neuroectodérmico de menos del 5% de las neoplasias nasosinusales. Es un tumor de mal pronóstico clásicamente su promedio de supervivencia a cinco años es cercano al 28% y 17,5% a diez años, siendo aún peor cuando existe metástasis en cuello. Se presentan a continuación dos casos de melanoma mucoso en cavidad nasal y senos paranasales, el primero mujer 58 años con melanoma septal llevada a septotomía abierta más quimioterapia y radioterapia adyuvante, con recurrencia en cuello submaxilar derecho tratada con vaciamiento supraomohioideo actualmente sin recurrencia; el segundo hombre de 40 años con antecedente de resección melanoma septal quien presenta nuevo melanoma región etmoidal izquierda luego de su primera cirugía y es llevado a resección endoscópica transnasal sin tratamiento adyuvante por decisión del paciente.

ABSTRACT Sinonasal mucosal melanoma is a neuroectodermic tumor account less 5% of nasosinusal tumors. It has a poor prognosis with a five-year average survival near 28% and 17.5% to 10 years; if neck metastasis is even worst. Here we present two clinical cases. First one a woman 58 years old with septal melanoma who receives an open septectomy with chemotherapy and radiotherapy with submaxillary recurrence treated with supraomohyoid neck dissection. The second case, a man 40 years old with previous septal melanoma surgery who has an ethmoid sinus recurrence and receives transnasal endoscopic surgery without adjuvant therapy by patient desire.

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The objective of this research was to study the physical properties, water sorption, thermal and structure of films made from citrus pectin (CP), babassu coconut mesocarp (BCM) and glycerol (G). Seventeen formulations were prepared according to a central compound rotational design combining different proportions of the materials and evaluating the films produced according to their moisture contents, solubility, thicknesses and water vapor permeability. The results showed a direct relationship between the composition of the film and each physical property, providing films with unique mechanical characteristics and barrier properties. In the second phase, the films were reformulated, maintaining the proportions of CP and BCM constant and altering the G content. The results showed films with permeable structures, thus favoring the use of high drying temperatures (up to 70 °C) for the confection of films, without altering their physical and structural properties.

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The use of promotores to educate Hispanic communities about different health topics has been proven successful, albeit with limitations in program sustainability. The goal of this study was to develop a sustainable train-the-trainer model to train graduate public health (PH) students to disseminate cancer education among communities in Puerto Rico (PR). Graduate students (n = 32) from Ponce Health Sciences University's (PHSU) PH program participated in a 2-day Cáncer 101 training, where they learned how to deliver nine cancer modules to the community. Cancer knowledge was assessed before and after the training via 54 items measuring discussed concepts. Participants also assessed the training's effectiveness by completing a training evaluation informed by social cognitive theory (SCT) constructs of self-efficacy, outcome expectations, facilitation, and observational learning. Participants were mainly female (78.1 %), 26.7 ± 3.9 years old, and enrolled in a Masters-level program (81.3 %). Participants reported an average 11.38-point increase in cancer knowledge after attending the training [t(31) = 14.88, p < .001]. Participants also evaluated the training favorably upon completion, reporting satisfactory comments in the open-ended responses and high scores on measured SCT constructs. The Cáncer 101 training program effectively prepared students to deliver cancer education to local communities. Training graduate PH students to educate communities about health issues is an innovative, and potentially sustainable, way to reach underserved populations.

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El tumor fibroso solitario (TFS) es una neoplasia mesenquimal de células fusiformes infrecuente descrita inicialmente en la pleura pero con localización reconocida en otros sitios. El TFS de la glándula tiroides (TFST) es aun más raro. Se describe el caso de una mujer de 65 años de edad, con masa cervical de crecimiento progresivo, a tal punto que ya la masa se hacía notable en parte inferior de su cuello, siendo este el único síntoma narrado. La paciente presentaba una gran masa tiroidea en el lóbulo derecho con extensión intratorácica. Se practicó hemitiroidectomia derecha (paciente tenia historia previa de resección del lóbulo tiroideo izquierdo por lesión benigna) Total, además de toracotomía endoscópica por la extensión de la masa la cual en la tomografía contrastada, se originaba en el lóbulo tiroideo derecho y descendía paralelo a la columna dorsal desplazando a la tráquea y el esófago. La patología reportó un tumor de 15 centímetros, con células fusiformes y patrón de crecimiento hemangiopericítico sin pleomorfismo, atipia, mitosis o necrosis. Luego de practicar diferentes estudios y marcadores tumorales, de todos estudios fueron positivos CD34, Bcl2, CD99 y vimentina. Se diagnosticó tumor fibroso solitario de glándula tiroides. El nervio vago derecho fue lesionado en la cirugía, actualmente está en terapia de voz. Al momento actual casi seis meses luego de su cirugía, no se documenta recidiva tumoral.

Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm initially described as spindle cells in the pleura but recognized location elsewhere. The TFS thyroid gland (TFST) even infrequent. A case of a 65 years old woman with progressive growth of a right cervical mass without associated symptoms described other than cosmesis is described . The patient had a thyroid mass in the right lobe with intrathoracic extension. A right Hemi thyroidectomy and thoracotomy for the extent of the mass was performed. Pathology reported a 15 cm tumor with spindle cell and growth pattern hemangiopericitic without pleomorphism, atypia, mitosis or necrosis. Immunohistochemistry was positive for CD34, Bcl-2, CD99 and vimentin, making the diagnosis of solitary fibrous tumor of thyroid gland. The patient's right Vagus nerve was injured intraoperatively and she is currently under voice therapy. Currently now, almost six months after her surgery she is free of disease.

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In Puerto Rico (PR), cancer is the leading cause of death. Previous research has identified the need for cancer education in PR. Using culturally adapted cancer curricula to train local health educators may effectively increase cancer education and reduce health disparities. This article describes the three-phase process used to transcreate the Cancer 101 curriculum to train Master of Public Health (MPH) students to educate PR communities. First, an expert panel collaboratively reviewed the curriculum for content, legibility, utility, and colloquialisms. Recommendations included incorporating local references and resources, replacing words and examples with culturally relevant topics, and updating objectives and evaluation items. Subsequent focus groups with 10 MPH students assessed the adaptation's strengths, weaknesses, and utility for future trainees. Participants were satisfied with the curriculum's overall adaptation, ease of use, and listed resources; further improvements were suggested for all modules. Final expert panel revisions highlighted minor feedback, with the final curriculum containing nine transcreated modules. The transcreation process identified the need for changes to content and cultural translation. Changes were culturally and literacy-level appropriate, represented PR's social context, and were tailored for future trainees to successfully deliver cancer education. Findings highlight the importance of adapting Spanish educational materials across Hispanic sub-groups.

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Coccidioides immitis and C. posadasii are the etiologic agents of coccidioidomycosis, an endemic fungal disease of the Americas. In Colombia, this mycosis is uncommon, and only five cases, two of them imported, have been documented.By means of DNA sequencing, C. immitis was identified in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded archival tissues samples from the 5th Colombian patient diagnosed in 1997. The patient was born in Pinto, Department of Magdalena, and had never visited other geographic regions, a reason to consider that the mycosis had been acquired locally.This species is primarily found in California although it has been occasionally reported in other geographic areas such as Mexico and Brazil. This is the first indigenous report of C. immitis-associated coccidioidomycosis in a Colombian patient.

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Struma ovarii is an ovarian teratoma composed mainly of thyroid tissue, which can occasionally develop a malignant thyroid tumor. We report a 61 years old female consulting for a metrorrhagia in whom an ovarian cyst was discovered. The patient was subjected to a hysterectomy and bilateral oophorectomy. The pathological study of the surgical piece revealed a focus of papillary thyroid carcinoma, follicular variety in a right struma ovarii. Three months after surgery, an abdominal CAT scan did not show any abnormality.

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La leche de búfala, debido a su composición, especialmente en carbohidratos, presenta una aptitud favorable para la elaboración de arequipe. Su rendimiento en productos lácteos es 40% superior al de la leche bovina. Esta investigación evalúa la variación de dos niveles de neutralización (0.09 y 0.10 % ácido láctico) y tres porcentajes de edulcorantes (25% sacarosa; 22% sacarosa y 30% azúcar invertido; 20% sacarosa y 30% azúcar invertido), en la elaboración del arequipe de leche de búfala. Al tratamiento seleccionado por los jueces mediante la prueba de medición de grado de satisfacción se le determina: contenidos de sólidos totales, humedad, cenizas, proteína, grasa, viscosidad, color, mesófilos, coliformes totales, coliformes fecales,mohos y levaduras y Staphylococcus coagulasa positivo. Se almacena a temperatura ambiente y se le practica análisis microbiológico (mohos y levaduras), organoléptico (arenosidad) y fisicoquímico (sólidos totales y humedad) en intervalos de diez días durante sesenta días. El tratamiento seleccionado, con un nivel de confianza del 95%, es el de 0.10% acido láctico, 20% sacarosa y 30% azúcar invertido. El arequipe presenta contenidos de sólidos totales, humedad, cenizas, proteína y grasa de 77.90 ± 0.04%; 22.10 ± 0.04%; 1.76 ± 0.09%; 9.85 ± 0.37% y 7.95 ± 0.41% respectivamente; un comportamiento seudoplástico y tixotrópico. El arequipe elaborado, de acuerdo con los análisis microbiológicos, cumple la Norma Técnica ColombianaNTC 3757 de 1996 y conserva sus características microbiológicas, organolépticas y fisicoquímicas hasta eldía cincuenta.

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