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Introducción. Mundialmente se observaron consecuencias negativas en la salud por el aislamiento social durante la pandemia de COVID-19; el sobrepeso y la obesidad mostraron tendencias crecientes. Objetivo. Analizar los cambios en el sobrepeso, obesidad y alimentación de escolares del noroeste de México antes y después del aislamiento por COVID-19. Materiales y métodos. Se colectaron y analizaron el peso, talla y circunferencia de cintura de escolares del noroeste de México pre y post pandemia por COVID 19 (n=479 y n=820). Además, se analizaron los cambios en la alimentación en una submuestra de 203 y 179 escolares pre y post pandemia, respectivamente. Resultados. La edad promedio de los escolares en 2019 fue 8,9 ±1,75 y en el 2022 de 9,1 ± 1,54 años. Se observó un aumento de 6,2 puntos porcentuales en la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad y diferencias en la distribución de las categorías del estado nutricio (p=0,049) entre los dos periodos. También, se observaron cambios en la adiposidad central con un aumento de 3 centímetros en la circunferencia de cintura (p=0,001; 62,6 y 65,6 cm). El índice de alimentación saludable (IAS) mostró una alimentación poco saludable durante los dos periodos. Conclusiones. El aumento en las prevalencias de sobrepeso y obesidad, así como de obesidad central durante la emergencia epidemiológica, indicaron un deterioro del estado nutricio de los escolares, que coincide con los reportes en poblaciones a nivel mundial y en Latinoamérica; los resultados resultan preocupantes dada la problemática antes de la emergencia(AU)

Introduction. Negative health consequences due to social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic were observed worldwide; overweight and obesity showed increasing trends. Objective. To analyze the changes in overweight, obesity and diet of schoolchildren in northwest Mexico before and after lockdown due to COVID-19. Materials and methods. Weight, height, and waist circumference of schoolchildren (n=479 pre-pandemic and n=820 post-pandemic) were collected in public schools located in medium to high marginalization neighborhoods. In the same periods dietary data was collected from a subsample of 203 and 179 schoolchildren, respectively. Results. The average age of schoolchildren in 2019 was 8,9 ±1,75 and 9,1 ± 1,54 in 2022. An increase in percentage of 6,2 was observed in the overweight plus obesity prevalence and a significant difference in the distribution of nutritional status (p=0,049) between the two periods. In addition, changes in central adiposity were observed, with an increase of 3 centimeters in waist circumference (p=0,001; 62,6 and 65,6 cm). The healthy eating index (HAI) classified the diet of schoolchildren as unhealthy during both periods. Conclusions. The increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity, as well as central adiposity is worrying given that they were already a health problem before the COVID 19 confinement(AU)

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An integral sampling methodology was applied to the sewerage network of Bogotá by inspecting wells that carry sanitary water from institutions that use 131I in nuclear medicine treatments to determine the areas of the city with activity of this radioisotope, which may reach the Salitre wastewater treatment plant and are subsequently discharged into the Bogotá river. The areas evaluated included the location of authorized institutions that use 131I in nuclear medicine and their patients. A total of 13 wells were sampled in the city, each with three samples, and the characterization of the samples was performed using the technique of high-resolution gamma spectrometry with Ge-HP detector and covered the relevant aspects that must be considered to make a complete characterization of the presence of the isotope studied. Among these factors are the season of the year with precipitation, pipe flow, location of the nuclear medicine facilities, existence of decay systems, number of rooms for treatment with 131I and water trajectory through the sewage system. Based on the results obtained, it was possible to identify potential sources of radioisotope 131I that are exceeding the discharge limits established by Colombian regulations (i.e., 19 Bq/L at the discharge point). From the 13 wells sampled, radioisotope 131I was detected in 11 of them. From the assessed wells, 3 were connected to facilities in which activity was found to be above the discharges limit allowed in Colombia for the sanitary sewer. This research complements the study on traceability of 131I in Bogotá-Colombia that begins with its importation by radiopharmacies who distribute it to hospital patients and outpatients, continuing its trajectory through management systems or homes to the sewage system of Bogotá, field that had not been studied. It allows inferring the degree of compliance with Colombian regulations and serves as a basis for evaluating regulatory changes in the levels of 131I dispensing in water networks. Further studies are required to assess the potential impacts of these materials on the local population.

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Resumen Se buscó identificar el perfil de motivación intrínseca (MI) y su relación con la perspectiva temporal en estudiantes universitarios del noroeste de México. En una muestra no probabilística por conveniencia de 553 estudiantes, se puso a prueba un modelo de motivación intrínseca, autoeficacia, orientación al logro, percepción escolar, morosidad y orientaciones temporales (pasado, presente y futuro). Se conformó un modelo estructural de MI que posee bondad de ajuste práctica adecuada. El modelo explica 48% de la variabilidad de la motivación intrínseca; destaca el efecto positivo de la orientación al logro (peso estructural=.65*) y el efecto negativo e indirecto (a través de la autoeficacia) de la morosidad (peso estructural=-.53*) sobre la MI. Y un efecto positivo de las orientaciones temporales (pasado negativo, presente hedonista y presente fatalista) sobre la morosidad (peso estructural=.54*). El estudio ofrece información sobre los aspectos que deben ser desarrollados en los estudiantes universitarios en relación con la motivación intrínseca.

Abstract The purpose of this study was to identify the intrinsic motivation (IM) profile and its relationship with time perspective in a non-probabilistic convenience sample of 553 students university students from a northwestern region in Mexico. Structural equation models were fitted for intrinsic motivation, with self-efficacy, achievement orientation, school perception, procrastination and temporal orientations (past, present and future) as direct and indirect predictors. A structural model of IM was formed that has adequate practical goodness-of-fit. The overall model explained 48% of the variance for intrinsic motivation. Achievement orientation was positively associated (structural weight =.65*) with intrinsic motivation while procrastination was negatively and indirectly (through self-efficacy) related (structural weight =.53*) to IM. Temporal orientations (negative past, hedonistic present and fatalistic present) were positively related to procrastination (structural weight =.54*). This study provides information regarding important predictors of intrinsic motivation that can be targeted among university students.

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Ameloblastic fibro-odontoma (AFO) is a mixed odontogenic tumor, which has an epithelial and mesenchymal component. It can be observed in imaging tests as a radiomixed lesion, with some authors claiming it represents only the predecessor of an odontoma. Epidemiologically, it appears between the second and third decade of life, predominantly in males and with a predilection for the posterior area of the mandible. This lesion presents a good prognosis and it responds well to enucleation by curettage with a low rate of recurrence. In the present article, two cases of ameloblastic fibro-odontoma in an unusual region of the maxilla are presented.

El Fibro-odontoma ameloblástico (FOA), es una lesión tumoral mixta de origen odontogénico, el cual tiene un componente epitelial y mesenquimático. En su imagenología se observa como una lesión radiomixta, debido a que algunos autores afirman que este no es más que el predecesor de un odontoma. Epidemiológicamente, se presenta entre la segunda y tercera década de la vida, preferencia por sexo masculino y predilección por el área posterior de la mandíbula. Es una lesión de buen pronóstico que responde bien a la enucleación por curetaje con baja tasa de recidiva. En el presente artículo, se presentan dos casos de fibro-odontoma ameloblástico en una región inusual de los maxilares.

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BACKGROUND/AIM: Genetic variation in apolipoprotein E (ApoE) has a key role in lipid metabolism. However, its contribution to the amount and distribution of body fat is under investigation. The aim of this study was to analyze the association between genetic variation in ApoE and obesity-related traits in Mexican school children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Anthropometric, body composition and physical activity measures were conducted using standard methods in 300 children (177 girls/123 boys) who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. DNA was isolated from saliva. ApoE genotypes were analyzed by allelic discrimination. The association between variation in ApoE and anthropometric and body composition measures was investigated using the General Linear Model. RESULTS: The mean±SD values for age, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were 9.05±0.80 years, 19.01±3.83 and 67.98±10.97 cm, respectively. Approximately 46% of the participants were overweight or obese. A significant association between ApoE isoforms and WC was found after controlling for age, sex and the percentage of physical activity (p=0.025). Significant main effects were found for vigorous physical activity and light physical activity influencing the adiposity-related BMI (p<0.001) and WC (p=0.044), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Variation in ApoE and physical activity intensity were associated with adiposity-related phenotypes in Mexican school children.

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