RESUMO
This Brazilian multi-society position statement on emerging bariatric and metabolic surgical procedures was issued by the Brazilian Society of Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery (SBCBM), the Brazilian College of Digestive Surgery (CBCD), and the Brazilian College of Surgeons (CBC). This document is the result of a Brazilian Emerging Surgeries Forum aimed at evaluating the results of surgeries that are not yet listed in the Federal Council of Medicine (CFM), the regulatory agency that oversees and regulates medical practice in Brazil. The Forum integrated more than 400 specialists and academics with extensive knowledge about bariatric and metabolic surgery, representing the three surgical societies: SBCBM, CBC, and CBCD. International speakers participated online and presented their experiences with the techniques under discussion, emphasizing the regulatory policies in their countries. The indications for surgery and the subsequent procedures were carefully reviewed, including one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB), single anastomosis duodeno-ileal with sleeve gastrectomy (SADI-S or OADS), sleeve gastrectomy with transit bipartition (SGTB), and sleeve gastrectomy with ileal interposition (SGII). The recommendations of this document are based on an extensive literature review and discussions among bariatric surgery specialists from the three surgical societies. We concluded that patients with a body mass index over 30 kg/m2 may be candidates for metabolic surgery in the presence of comorbidities (arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes) with no response to clinical treatment of obesity or in the control of other associated diseases. Regarding the surgical procedures, we concluded that OAGB, OADS, and SGTB are associated with low morbidity rates, satisfactory weight loss, and resolution of obesity-related comorbidities such as diabetes and arterial hypertension. SGII was considered a good and viable promising surgical alternative technique. The recommendations of this statement aim to synchronize our societies with the sentiments and understandings of most of our members and also serve as a guide for future decisions regarding bariatric surgical procedures in our country and worldwide.
Assuntos
Cirurgia Bariátrica , Bariatria , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Derivação Gástrica , Hipertensão , Humanos , Brasil , ObesidadeRESUMO
ABSTRACT This Brazilian multi-society position statement on emerging bariatric and metabolic surgical procedures was issued by the Brazilian Society of Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery (SBCBM), the Brazilian College of Digestive Surgery (CBCD), and the Brazilian College of Surgeons (CBC). This document is the result of a Brazilian Emerging Surgeries Forum aimed at evaluating the results of surgeries that are not yet listed in the Federal Council of Medicine (CFM), the regulatory agency that oversees and regulates medical practice in Brazil. The Forum integrated more than 400 specialists and academics with extensive knowledge about bariatric and metabolic surgery, representing the three surgical societies: SBCBM, CBC, and CBCD. International speakers participated online and presented their experiences with the techniques under discussion, emphasizing the regulatory policies in their countries. The indications for surgery and the subsequent procedures were carefully reviewed, including one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB), single anastomosis duodeno-ileal with sleeve gastrectomy (SADI-S or OADS), sleeve gastrectomy with transit bipartition (SGTB), and sleeve gastrectomy with ileal interposition (SGII). The recommendations of this document are based on an extensive literature review and discussions among bariatric surgery specialists from the three surgical societies. We concluded that patients with a body mass index over 30 kg/m2 may be candidates for metabolic surgery in the presence of comorbidities (arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes) with no response to clinical treatment of obesity or in the control of other associated diseases. Regarding the surgical procedures, we concluded that OAGB, OADS, and SGTB are associated with low morbidity rates, satisfactory weight loss, and resolution of obesity-related comorbidities such as diabetes and arterial hypertension. SGII was considered a good and viable promising surgical alternative technique. The recommendations of this statement aim to synchronize our societies with the sentiments and understandings of most of our members and also serve as a guide for future decisions regarding bariatric surgical procedures in our country and worldwide.
RESUMO Esta declaração multissocietária de posicionamento sobre novos procedimentos cirúrgicos bariátricos e metabólicos emergentes foi emitida pela Sociedade Brasileira de Cirurgia Bariátrica e Metabólica (SBCBM), pelo Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgia Digestiva (CBCD) e pelo Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões (CBC). Este documento é resultado do Fórum Brasileiro de Cirurgias Emergentes, realizado com o objetivo de avaliar os resultados de cirurgias ainda não listadas no Conselho Federal de Medicina (CFM), órgão regulador que fiscaliza e regulamenta a prática médica no Brasil. O Fórum integrou mais de 400 especialistas e acadêmicos com amplo conhecimento sobre cirurgia bariátrica e metabólica, representando as três sociedades cirúrgicas: SBCBM, CBC e CBCD. Palestrantes internacionais participaram online e apresentaram suas experiências com as técnicas em discussão, enfatizando as políticas regulatórias de seus países. As indicações para cirurgia e os procedimentos subsequentes foram cuidadosamente revisados, incluindo bypass gástrico de uma anastomose (OAGB), anastomose duodeno-Ileal única com gastrectomia vertical (OADS ou SADI-S), gastrectomia vertical com bipartição de trânsito (SGTB) e gastrectomia vertical com interposição ileal (SGII). As recomendações deste documento são baseadas em extensa revisão da literatura e discussões entre especialistas em cirurgia bariátrica das três sociedades cirúrgicas. Concluímos que pacientes com índice de massa corpórea (IMC) acima de 30 kg/m2 podem ser candidatos à cirurgia metabólica na presença de comorbidades (hipertensão arterial e diabetes tipo 2), sem resposta ao tratamento clínico da obesidade ou no controle de outras doenças associadas. Em relação aos procedimentos cirúrgicos, concluímos que OAGB, OADS e SGTB estão associados a baixas taxas de morbidade e com perda de peso satisfatória e resolução de comorbidades relacionadas à obesidade, como diabetes e hipertensão arterial. A SGII foi considerada uma boa e viável técnica cirúrgica, sendo considerada uma alternativa promissora. As recomendações desta declaração visam sincronizar nossas sociedades com os sentimentos e entendimentos da maioria de nossos membros e também servir como um guia para futuras decisões sobre procedimentos cirúrgicos bariátricos em nosso país e no mundo.
Assuntos
Cirurgia Bariátrica , Bariatria , Obesidade Mórbida , Brasil , Humanos , Obesidade Mórbida/cirurgiaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Obesity may lead to hyperandrogenia and affect female sexual function. The study aims to evaluate female sexual function and androgenic profile in obese women after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB). METHODS: Forty obese women with a mean age of 34 years were prospectively studied. Diabetes and psychiatric and pelvic disorders were the exclusion criteria. All patients underwent LRYGB. Total (TT) and free (FT) testosterone, androstenedione (AD), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and the Sexual Quotient - Female Version were evaluated, preoperatively, 6 and 12 months after the operation. RESULTS: Preoperative incidence of sexual dysfunction was 10% and hyperandrogenia was 40%. At 6 months, sexual function was not different; and FT (0.49-0.33 ng/dl) and AD (2.0-1.3 ng/dl) decreased significantly. At 12 months, there was an improvement in female sexual function (77-84 points), related to desire and interest (22-25 points) and comfort (15.9-17.3 points) without case of sexual dysfunction at 12 months. Hyperandrogenia (40-8%), FT levels (0.5-0.3 ng/dl), and AD (2.0-1.4 ng/dl) decreased, while DHEA levels (3.4-4.2 ng/dl) increased. The percentage of weight loss was 22% and 31% at 6 and 12 months, respectively. Sexual function did not correlate with BMI, weight, or androgen levels in any period. CONCLUSION: Female sexual function in obese women with no diabetes and psychiatric and pelvic disorders improved in patients undergoing LRYGB, especially in desire, interest, and sexual comfort, and this occured after 6 months of the operation and unrelated to BMI, percentage of weight loss, or androgen levels. KEY POINTS: ⢠In obese women with no diabetes and psychiatric and pelvic disorders the FSD improvement after LRYGB. ⢠FSD no correlation with weight loss and BMI. ⢠FSD no correlation with androgens levels.
Assuntos
Derivação Gástrica , Laparoscopia , Obesidade Mórbida , Adulto , Índice de Massa Corporal , Feminino , Humanos , Obesidade/complicações , Obesidade/cirurgia , Obesidade Mórbida/cirurgia , Estudos Prospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Redução de PesoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Repair of hernias with loss of domain in obese patients can lead to acute respiratory failure. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to analyze preoperative progressive pneumoperitoneum (PPP) in increasing abdominal cavity volume and its impact on respiratory function. SETTING: The study was conducted at the University Hospital, State University of Londrina, Brazil, which is a referral center for the treatment of obesity. The patients were hospitalized for the duration of the study. METHODS: Sixteen obese patients were evaluated. Computed tomography was used to determine hernia sac volume (HSV) and abdominal cavity volume (ACV). Respiratory function was evaluated by measuring vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV-1). All data were obtained before PPP, on the day before surgery, and on the second postoperative day. PPP was performed daily with insufflation of CO2. RESULTS: The number of insufflations was 12. The average of total volume inflated was 5.7 L. The HSV was 2953 cm3 before PPP and 1935 cm3 after PPP. The average ACV increased from 8898 to 11,317 cm3 after PPP. The relationship between HSV and ACV was 38.2% before and 16.3% after PPP. There was a favorable improvement in respiratory function with an increase in vital capacity from 1875 to 2760 mL and an increase in FEV-1 from 1060 to 1670 mL after PPP. Respiratory function tests after surgery showed values of 2600 and 1560 mL, respectively, for cavity volume and FEV-1. There were no postoperative respiratory complications. CONCLUSIONS: This technique can be used safely in the surgical preparation of obese patients with hernias with loss of domain, reducing the relation between HSV and ACV and avoiding pulmonary complications.
Assuntos
Hérnia Abdominal/diagnóstico por imagem , Hérnia Abdominal/cirurgia , Herniorrafia/métodos , Obesidade Mórbida/diagnóstico , Pneumoperitônio Artificial/métodos , Insuficiência Respiratória/etiologia , Adulto , Brasil , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Herniorrafia/efeitos adversos , Hospitais Universitários , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Pneumoperitônio Artificial/efeitos adversos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/fisiopatologia , Cuidados Pré-Operatórios/métodos , Prognóstico , Testes de Função Respiratória , Insuficiência Respiratória/prevenção & controle , Estudos Retrospectivos , Medição de Risco , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Telas Cirúrgicas/estatística & dados numéricos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Sleeve gastrectomy may alter esophageal motility and lower esophageal sphincter pressure. AIM: To detect manometric changings in the esophagus and lower esophageal sphincter before and after sleeve gastrectomy in order to select patients who could develop postoperative esophageal motilitity disorders and lower esophageal sphincter pressure modifications. METHODS: Seventy-three patients were selected. All were submitted to manometry before the operation and one year after. The variables analyzed were: resting pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter, contraction wave amplitude, duration of contraction waves, and esophageal peristalsis. Data were compared before and after surgery and to the healthy and non-obese control group. Exclusion criteria were: previous gastric surgery, reflux symptoms or endoscopic findings of reflux or hiatal hernia, diabetes and use of medications that could affect esophageal or lower esophageal sphincter motility. RESULTS: 49% of the patients presented preoperative manometric alterations: lower esophageal sphincter hypertonia in 47%, lower esophageal sphincter hypotonia in 22% and increase in contraction wave amplitude in 31%. One year after surgery, manometry was altered in 85% of patients: lower esophageal sphincter hypertonia in 11%, lower esophageal sphincter hypotonia in 52%, increase in contraction wave amplitude in 27% and 10% with alteration in esophageal peristalsis. Comparing the results between the preoperative and postoperative periods, was found statistical significance for the variables of the lower esophageal sphincter, amplitude of contraction waves and peristalsis. CONCLUSION: Manometry in the preoperative period of sleeve gastrectomy is not an exam to select candidates to this technique.
Assuntos
Gastroplastia/métodos , Manometria , Obesidade Mórbida/cirurgia , Seleção de Pacientes , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Período Pós-Operatório , Estudos Prospectivos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
ABSTRACT Background: Sleeve gastrectomy may alter esophageal motility and lower esophageal sphincter pressure. Aim: To detect manometric changings in the esophagus and lower esophageal sphincter before and after sleeve gastrectomy in order to select patients who could develop postoperative esophageal motilitity disorders and lower esophageal sphincter pressure modifications. Methods: Seventy-three patients were selected. All were submitted to manometry before the operation and one year after. The variables analyzed were: resting pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter, contraction wave amplitude, duration of contraction waves, and esophageal peristalsis. Data were compared before and after surgery and to the healthy and non-obese control group. Exclusion criteria were: previous gastric surgery, reflux symptoms or endoscopic findings of reflux or hiatal hernia, diabetes and use of medications that could affect esophageal or lower esophageal sphincter motility. Results: 49% of the patients presented preoperative manometric alterations: lower esophageal sphincter hypertonia in 47%, lower esophageal sphincter hypotonia in 22% and increase in contraction wave amplitude in 31%. One year after surgery, manometry was altered in 85% of patients: lower esophageal sphincter hypertonia in 11%, lower esophageal sphincter hypotonia in 52%, increase in contraction wave amplitude in 27% and 10% with alteration in esophageal peristalsis. Comparing the results between the preoperative and postoperative periods, was found statistical significance for the variables of the lower esophageal sphincter, amplitude of contraction waves and peristalsis. Conclusion: Manometry in the preoperative period of sleeve gastrectomy is not an exam to select candidates to this technique.
RESUMO Racional: A gastrectomia vertical pode determinar alterações na motilidade esofágica e no esfíncter inferior do esôfago. Objetivo: Estudar as alterações manométricas do esfíncter inferior do esôfago e do esôfago antes e depois da operação a fim de selecionar pacientes que pudessem desenvolver alterações pós-operatórias. Métodos: Setenta e três pacientes foram selecionados. Todos foram submetidos à manometria antes da operação e um ano após. As variáveis analisadas foram: pressão do esfíncter inferior do esôfago, amplitude e duração das ondas de contração e peristaltismo esofágico. Os dados foram comparados entre si antes e depois da operação e também com grupo controle saudável e não obeso. Critérios de exclusão foram: operação gástrica prévia, história de refluxo ou achado endoscópico de esofagite de refluxo ou de hérnia de hiato, diabete e uso de medicamentos que pudessem afetar a motilidade do esôfago ou do esfíncter esofágico inferior. Resultados: 49% dos pacientes apresentaram alterações no pré-operatório: hipertonia do esfíncter em 47%, hipotonia do esfíncter em 22% e aumento na amplitude das ondas de contração em 31%. Um ano após, a manometria encontrou-se alterada em 85% dos pacientes: hipertonia do esfíncter em 11%, hipotonia do esfíncter em 52%, aumento na amplitude das ondas de contração em 27% e 10% com alteração no peristaltismo esofágico. Comparando-se os resultados entre o pré e pós-operatório encontrou-se significância estatística para a pressão do esfíncter inferior do esôfago, amplitude das ondas de contração e peristaltismo. Conclusão: A manometria no pré-operatório da gastrectomia vertical não é fator de seleção dos candidatos a essa técnica.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Obesidade Mórbida/cirurgia , Gastroplastia/métodos , Seleção de Pacientes , Manometria , Período Pós-Operatório , Estudos ProspectivosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is a surgical technique widely used in the treatment of obesity. It is unclear, however, if the length of the biliopancreatic and alimentary limb interferes with the magnitude of weight loss. AIM: To evaluate if the length of these limbs is related to the percentage of weight loss one year after surgery. METHOD: One hundred and twenty obese people underwent surgery between 2009 and 2011. Patients were inserted into four groups: A) biliopancreatic limb with 50 cm length and alimentary limb with 100 cm length; B) biliopancreatic limb with 50 cm length and alimentary limb with 150 cm length; C) biliopancreatic limb with 100 cm length and alimentary limb with 100 cm length; D) biliopancreatic limb with 100 cm length and alimentary limb with 150 cm length. Age, gender, body mass index and the percentage of total weight loss were analyzed. Data were collected preoperatively and one year after surgery. The groups were compared and weight loss compared between groups. RESULTS: The follow-up occurred in 78.3% of the sample. The composition of the groups was similar, with no statistical significance. The average age was 43 years in groups A, C and D and 42 years in group B. The female gender predominated in all groups (about 60% of the sample). The mean body mass index was 46 kg/m2 for groups A, C and D and 42 kg/m2 in group B. The percentage of weight loss was 33% for group A and 34% for groups B, C and D. There was no significant difference among groups. CONCLUSION: Different lengths of the biliopancreatic and alimentary limbs did not affect the percentage of total weight loss.
Assuntos
Derivação Gástrica/métodos , Obesidade/cirurgia , Redução de Peso , Adulto , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Estruturas Criadas Cirurgicamente , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is a surgical technique widely used in the treatment of obesity. It is unclear, however, if the length of the biliopancreatic and alimentary limb interferes with the magnitude of weight loss. AIM: To evaluate if the length of these limbs is related to the percentage of weight loss one year after surgery. METHOD: One hundred and twenty obese people underwent surgery between 2009 and 2011. Patients were inserted into four groups: A) biliopancreatic limb with 50 cm length and alimentary limb with100 cm length; B) biliopancreatic limb with 50 cm length and alimentary limb with 150 cm length; C) biliopancreatic limb with 100 cm length and alimentary limb with100 cm length; D) biliopancreatic limb with 100 cm length and alimentary limb with150 cm length. Age, gender, body mass index and the percentage of total weight loss were analyzed. Data were collected preoperatively and one year after surgery. The groups were compared and weight loss compared between groups. RESULTS: The follow-up occurred in 78.3% of the sample. The composition of the groups was similar, with no statistical significance. The average age was 43 years in groups A, C and D and 42 years in group B. The female gender predominated in all groups (about 60% of the sample). The mean body mass index was 46 kg/m2 for groups A, C and D and 42 kg/m2 in group B. The percentage of weight loss was 33% for group A and 34% for groups B, C and D. There was no significant difference among groups. CONCLUSION: Different lengths of the biliopancreatic and alimentary limbs did not affect the percentage of total weight loss. .
RACIONAL: A derivação gástrica em Y-de-Roux é técnica cirúrgica amplamente empregada no tratamento da obesidade. Não está claro, porém, se o comprimento das alças biliopancreática e alimentar interfere na magnitude da perda de peso. OBJETIVO: Avaliar se o comprimento dessas alças tem relação com a percentagem de perda de peso, um ano após a operação. MÉTODO: Cento e vinte obesos foram submetidos à cirurgia entre 2009 e 2011. Eles foram inseridos, por sorteio, em qautro grupos: A) alça biliopancreática de 50 cm e alimentar de 100 cm; B) alça biliopancreática de 50 cm e alimentar de 150 cm; C) alça biliopancreática de 100 cm e alimentar de 100 cm; e D) alça biliopancreática de 100 cm e alimentar de 150 cm. Analisou-se a idade, o gênero, o índice de massa corpórea e a percentagem de perda do peso total. Os dados foram coletados no pré-operatório e um ano após a operação. Os grupos foram comparados entre si e a perda ponderal comparada entre os grupos. RESULTADOS: O acompanhamento ocorreu em 78,3% da casuística. A composição dos grupos foi semelhante, sem significância estatística. A média de idade foi de 43 anos nos grupos A, C e D e de 42 no grupo B. O gênero feminino predominou em todos os grupos (cerca de 60% da amostra). O índice de massa corpóreo médio foi de 46 kg/m2 para os grupos A, C e D e de 42 kg/m2no grupo B. A percentagem de perda de peso foi de 33% para o grupo A e de 34% para os grupos B, C e D. Sem diferença significante entre os grupos. CONCLUSÃO: Diferentes comprimentos das alças biliopancreática e alimentar não interferiram na percentagem de perda do peso total. .
Assuntos
Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Derivação Gástrica/métodos , Obesidade/cirurgia , Redução de Peso , Seguimentos , Estruturas Criadas Cirurgicamente , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Abnormal manometry findings can be found in the obese population. It is controversial if the manometry should be used to choose the adequate operation or if the motility status could predict symptomatic outcomes. AIM: To correlate the esophageal motility with postoperative symptoms, alimentary outcome and weight loss after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. METHODS: One hundred and fourteen patients were submitted to the operation and were prospectively studied. They had no GERD symptoms or diseases that might interfere with esophageal motor function. One year after surgery patients were interviewed regarding current symptoms and eating habits. RESULTS: Excess weight loss was 66.2 %. Sixty (52.6%) patients had an abnormal manometry. Hypertensive lower esophageal sphincter was found in 18 (16%) patients and hypotonic sphincter in 31 (27%). Dumping syndrome was mentioned by 27 (23.6%) patients and 21 (18.4%) complained of regurgitation. Excellent, good, moderate and poor alimentary outcome was present in 32 (28%), 31 (27.2%), 39 (34.2%), 12 (11.6%) patients, respectively. Sphincter pressure and esophageal amplitude did not correlate with excess weight loss. Its average was significantly higher for patients with hypertensive esophageal amplitude. Regurgitation was more frequent in patients with a hypotensive sphincter. There is no correlation between dumping and sphincter pressure status; between dumping or regurgitation and esophageal amplitude; between alimentary outcomes and sphincter pressure status or esophageal amplitude. CONCLUSION: Esophageal manometry before Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is of limited clinical significance.