RESUMO
En esta investigación se correlacionan las variables sentido de comunidad y apoyo social, en un grupo de 136 personas en situación de desplazamiento por la violencia; y víctimas de desastres de la ola invernal del 2010-2011 en el departamento del Magdalena. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron, la Escala de Sentido de Comunidad y el Cuestionario de apoyo social-MOS (Estudio de Desenlaces Médicos de Apoyo Social), adaptado para Colombia. Para el análisis de los datos, los grupos se dividieron en dos: el primero con 48 hombres entre 26 y 89 años (media de 57 años) y 36 mujeres entre 23 y 87 años (media de 55 años). En el segundo grupo participaron 44 hombres entre 25 y 91 años (media de 58 años) y 8 mujeres entre 23 a 49 años (media de 36 años). En cuanto al índice de sentido de comunidad se halló que el nivel es medio-alto (m=53,42), con el apoyo social se encontró que el índice general de apoyo social es alto (87,41). Como resultado dio una relación débil, positiva con un coeficiente de correlación 0,27 y significativa (valor P de 0,01). Se concluye que las dos variables interactúan entre sí, pero con una débil relación.
This research correlating variables, sense of community and social support, in a group of 136 people that were displaced people by violence; and disaster victims of the winter season 2010-2011 in the department of Magdalena. The instruments used to measure the variables were, the Scale of Sense of Community and the Social Support Questionnaire MOS (Medical Outcomes Study-Social Support Survey) adapted for Colombia. For the analysis of the data, they were divided into two groups: the first with 48 men between 26 and 89 years (mean 57 years) and 36 women between 23 and 87 years (mean 55 years). In the second group they involved 44 men between 25 and 91 years (mean 58 years) and 8 women between 23 and 49 years (mean 36 years). As the rate of sense of community it was found that the level is medium-high (m = 53,42), the social support it was found that the overall rate of social support is high (87,41). A weak relationship was found, a positive correlation coefficient 0.27 and significant (P value of 0.01). We conclude that the two variables interact with each other but with a weak relationship.
Assuntos
Humanos , Apoio Social , RefugiadosRESUMO
After several months of arduous deliberations, the National Agreement, a policy coordination forum highest level in Peru, approved a document entitled "The objectives of health care reform." In this article it review the work done and the product reached by consensus, which includes as priorities, among others, strengthening of SIS like public insurance, implementation of a policy of multi-year investment, strengthening the protection of health rights outlined, strengthening the primary health care and improving access to safe and effective medicines. The effect is an agreement that gives significance to a process that has the character of state policy and defines the framework within which they must develop health policies in the following years.
Assuntos
Reforma dos Serviços de Saúde , Política de Saúde , Consenso , Humanos , PeruRESUMO
In 2013, Peru initiated a reform process under the premise of recognizing the nature of health as a right that must be protected by the state. This reform aimed to improve health conditions through the elimination or reduction of restrictions preventing the full exercise of this right, and the consequent approach aimed to protect both individual and public health and rights within a framework characterized by strengthened stewardship and governance, which would allow system conduction and effective responses to risks and emergencies. The reform led to an increase in population health insurance coverage from 64% to 73%, with universalization occurring through the SIS affiliation of every newborn with no other protection mechanism. Health financing increased by 75% from 2011, and the SIS budget tripled from 570 to 1,700 million soles. From 2012 to May 2016, 168 health facilities have become operational, 51 establishments are nearing completion, and 265 new projects are currently under technical file and work continuity with an implemented investment of more than 7 billion soles. Additionally, this reform led to the approval of the Ministry of Health intervention for health emergencies and strengthened the health authority of the ministry to implement responses in case of risks or service discontinuity resulting from a lack of regional or local government compliance with public health functions.
Assuntos
Reforma dos Serviços de Saúde , Cobertura Universal do Seguro de Saúde , Humanos , Peru , RiscoRESUMO
This article describes the concept of global health security and its development over time. It emphasizes the need to control challenges against global health such as those produced by biologic agents both natural and intentional. It presents world initiatives that have developed during the last two decades and the contribution of Peru to the Global Health Security Agenda (GHSA) and the Monitoring and Evaluation Framework. In order to accelerate the implementation of the International Health Regulations Peru has played an important role to accelerate the implementation of International Health Regulations (IHR), participating with a group of countries, World Health Organization (WHO), and GHSA in the creation of the Joint External Evaluation Tool (JEE).
Assuntos
Surtos de Doenças , Saúde Global , Cooperação Internacional , Humanos , Peru , Organização Mundial da SaúdeRESUMO
RESUMEN El año 2013 el Perú inició un proceso de reforma bajo la premisa de reconocer que la salud es un derecho y que el Estado debe garantizar su protección. El objetivo fue mejorar el estado de salud buscando eliminar o aminorar las restricciones que le impiden ejercer plenamente este derecho. El enfoque fue el de protección en términos de salud individual, salud pública y de los derechos, en un marco de fortalecimiento de la rectoría y la gobernanza que permitiera conducción del sistema y efectiva respuesta ante riesgos y emergencias. Con la Reforma la cobertura de aseguramiento en la población subió de 64 a 73% y la universalización se empieza a concretar a través de la afiliación al Seguro Integral de Salud (SIS) de todo recién nacido que no tiene otro mecanismo de protección. El financiamiento en salud se elevó en 75% comparado con el del año 2011 y el presupuesto del SIS se triplicó, de 570 a 1700 millones de soles. De 2012 a mayo del 2016 se han puesto en operación 168 establecimientos de salud, 51 están por culminar y existen 265 proyectos que están en fase de expediente técnico o continuidad de obra, con una inversión ejecutada de más de 7 mil millones de soles. Con la Reforma se aprobó la intervención del Ministerio de Salud ante emergencias sanitarias y se fortaleció la autoridad sanitaria para que el ministerio implemente respuestas en caso de riesgos o discontinuidad de los servicios por falta de cumplimiento de las funciones de salud pública de los gobiernos regionales o locales.
ABSTRACT In 2013, Peru initiated a reform process under the premise of recognizing the nature of health as a right that must be protected by the state. This reform aimed to improve health conditions through the elimination or reduction of restrictions preventing the full exercise of this right, and the consequent approach aimed to protect both individual and public health and rights within a framework characterized by strengthened stewardship and governance, which would allow system conduction and effective responses to risks and emergencies. The reform led to an increase in population health insurance coverage from 64% to 73%, with universalization occurring through the SIS affiliation of every newborn with no other protection mechanism. Health financing increased by 75% from 2011, and the SIS budget tripled from 570 to 1,700 million soles. From 2012 to May 2016, 168 health facilities have become operational, 51 establishments are nearing completion, and 265 new projects are currently under technical file and work continuity with an implemented investment of more than 7 billion soles. Additionally, this reform led to the approval of the Ministry of Health intervention for health emergencies and strengthened the health authority of the ministry to implement responses in case of risks or service discontinuity resulting from a lack of regional or local government compliance with public health functions.
Assuntos
Humanos , Reforma dos Serviços de Saúde , Cobertura Universal do Seguro de Saúde , Peru , RiscoRESUMO
RESUMEN El artículo describe el concepto de la seguridad sanitaria mundial, su evolución en el tiempo y discute la importancia de enfrentar los problemas que amenazan la salud global producidas por agentes biológicos de manera natural, accidental o intencional. Asimismo, presenta las iniciativas surgidas en las últimas dos décadas en el mundo, y el rol del Perú en el desarrollo de la Agenda para La Seguridad Sanitaria Mundial o Global Health Security Agenda (GHSA) y la Alianza para las Evaluaciones Externas. Al respecto, el Perú ha cumplido un papel importante participando con un grupo de países, la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) y la GHSA en el proceso de desarrollo de un instrumento de evaluación externa conjunta denominado Joint External Evaluation Tool (JEE) con el objetivo último de acelerar la implementación del Reglamento Sanitario Internacional (RSI).
ABSTRACT This article describes the concept of global health security and its development over time. It emphasizes the need to control challenges against global health such as those produced by biologic agents both natural and intentional. It presents world initiatives that have developed during the last two decades and the contribution of Peru to the Global Health Security Agenda (GHSA) and the Monitoring and Evaluation Framework. In order to accelerate the implementation of the International Health Regulations Peru has played an important role to accelerate the implementation of International Health Regulations (IHR), participating with a group of countries, World Health Organization (WHO), and GHSA in the creation of the Joint External Evaluation Tool (JEE).
Assuntos
Humanos , Saúde Global , Surtos de Doenças , Cooperação Internacional , Peru , Organização Mundial da SaúdeRESUMO
RESUMEN Luego de varios meses de arduas deliberaciones, el Acuerdo Nacional, el espacio de concertación de políticas de más alto nivel en el Perú, aprobó un documento denominado "Los objetivos de la reforma de salud". En el presente artículo se reseña el trabajo realizado y el producto alcanzado por consenso, que incluye como prioridades, entre otras, el fortalecimiento del SIS (Seguro Integral de Salud) como seguro público, la implementación de una política de inversiones multianual, el fortalecimiento de la protección de los derechos en salud, el reforzamiento de la atención primaria de salud y el mejoramiento del acceso a medicamentos seguros y eficaces. El resultado es el de un acuerdo que otorga trascendencia a un proceso que tiene el carácter de política de estado y define el marco dentro del cual se deben desarrollar las políticas de salud en el Perú para los siguientes años.
ABSTRACT After several months of arduous deliberations, the National Agreement, a policy coordination forum highest level in Peru, approved a document entitled "The objectives of health care reform." In this article it review the work done and the product reached by consensus, which includes as priorities, among others, strengthening of SIS like public insurance, implementation of a policy of multi-year investment, strengthening the protection of health rights outlined, strengthening the primary health care and improving access to safe and effective medicines. The effect is an agreement that gives significance to a process that has the character of state policy and defines the framework within which they must develop health policies in the following years.