RESUMO
The incidence and mortality of lung cancer in women are rising, with both increasing by 124% between 2003 and 2019. The main risk factor for lung cancer is tobacco use, but indoor radon gas exposure is one of the leading causes in nonsmokers. The most recent evidence demonstrates that multiple factors can make women more susceptible to harm from these risk factors or carcinogens. For this consensus statement, the Association for Lung Cancer Research in Women (ICAPEM) invited a group of lung cancer experts to perform a detailed gender-based analysis of lung cancer. Clinically, female patients have different lung cancer profiles, and most actionable driver alterations are more prevalent in women, particularly in never-smokers. Additionally, the impact of certain therapies seems to be different. In the future, it will be necessary to carry out specific studies to improve the understanding of the role of certain biomarkers and gender in the prognosis and evolution of lung cancer.
Assuntos
Poluição do Ar em Ambientes Fechados , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Radônio , Masculino , Humanos , Feminino , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/terapia , Radônio/efeitos adversos , Poluição do Ar em Ambientes Fechados/efeitos adversos , Fatores de Risco , IncidênciaRESUMO
The association between cancer and thrombosis is well established. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is considered a main cause of mortality and morbidity in cancer patients and is commonly underestimated by oncologists. In recent years the incidence rates of VTE have notably increased. Several studies have clearly shown that cancer patients who are diagnosed with VTE present a poorer prognosis. The Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM) presents the guidelines for thrombosis and cancer in order to improve the prevention and management of VTE.