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OBJECTIVE: To identify factors associated with permission for child vaccination in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD: Cross-sectional study, with parents/guardians of children aged up to 1 year, 11 months and 29 days, aged 18 years or older, with internet access and residents of the state of Alagoas. The collection was conducted between June 2021 and April 2022, using a structured instrument via Google forms®. Fisher's Exact and Pearson's chi-square statistical tests were used. RESULTS: A total of 94 parents/guardians participated. There was an association between permission for child vaccination during the COVID-19 pandemic and higher education level of parents/guardians, with the lack of an educational bond with the child, and between parents/guardians who would allow the application of the COVID-19 vaccine. CONCLUSION: Permission for child vaccination in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with higher education level of parents/guardians and the absence of educational bond of the child.

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Scientific mapping using bibliometric data network analysis was applied to analyze research works related to lipases and their industrial applications, evaluating the current state of research, challenges, and opportunities in the use of these biocatalysts, based on the evaluation of a large number of publications on the topic, allowing a comprehensive systematic data analysis, which had not yet been conducted in relation to studies specifically covering lipases and their industrial applications. Thus, studies involving lipase enzymes published from 2018 to 2022 were accessed from the Web of Science database. The extracted records result in the analysis of terms of bibliographic compatibility among the articles, co-occurrence of keywords, and co-citation of journals using the VOSviewer algorithm in the construction of bibliometric maps. This systematic review analysis of 357 documents, including original and review articles, revealed studies inspired by lipase enzymes in the research period, showing that the development of research, together with different areas of knowledge, presents good results related to the applications of lipases, due to information synchronization. Furthermore, this review showed the main challenges in lipase applications regarding increased production and operational stability; establishing well-defined evaluation criteria, such as cultivation conditions, activity, biocatalyst stability, type of support and reactor; thermodynamic studies; reuse cycles; and it can assist in defining goals for the development of successful large-scale applications, showing several points for improvement of future studies on lipase enzymes.

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Introdução: A primeira infância é uma fase marcada por intenso desenvolvimento infantil, com o aperfeiçoamento de habilidades motoras, cognitivas e sensoriais. Em vista disso, as crianças são expostas a riscos e portanto, cuidados devem ser redobrados para prevenir acidentes, em especial no próprio lar. Objetivos: Identificar os riscos a que as crianças são expostas, bem como os trabalhos científicos que abordam a prevenção de acidentes domésticos na primeira infância. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura conduzida nas bases de dados: LILACS, MEDLINE, BDENF e SciELO. A avaliação, do nível de evidência dos artigos encontrados, foi obtida por meio do método Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine. Resultados: Dez artigos atenderam aos critérios de busca estabelecidos. Os acidentes domésticos que se destacaram nos artigos foram: quedas, queimaduras, envenenamento e tombamento em aparelhos televisivos. Em relação ao ambiente familiar, foi notório que a maioria das famílias dos estudos analisados eram de baixa renda. Conclusão: Os pais ou responsáveis pelas crianças são essenciais para prevenir acidentes domésticos de variadas causas. Além disso, a atuação dos profissionais de saúde é primordial para desenvolver ou potencializar programas de prevenção, principalmente voltados para aqueles que são vulneráveis social ou economicamente, a fim de capacitar a população quanto à identificação e minimização dos riscos.

Introduction: Early childhood is a phase marked by intense child development, with improved motor, cognitive and sensory skills. Given this, children are exposed to risks and, therefore, must redouble care to prevent accidents, especially at home. Aim: To identify the risks to which children are exposed, as well as scientific works that address the prevention of domestic accidents in early childhood. Methods: This is an integrative literature review conducted in the following databases: LILACS, MEDLINE, BDENF, and SciELO. The level of evidence of the articles found was assessed using the Oxford Center for Evidence-based Medicine method. Results: Ten articles met the established search criteria. The domestic accidents that stood out in the articles were: falls, burns, poisoning, and tipping over television sets. Regarding the family environment, it was clear that most families in the analyzed studies were of low income. Conclusion: Parents or guardians of children are essential to prevent domestic accidents from various causes. In addition, the role of health professionals is necessary to develop or enhance prevention programs, mainly aimed at the socially or economically vulnerable, to train the population in identifying and minimizing risks.

Introducción: La primera infancia es una fase marcada por un intenso desarrollo infantil,con la mejora de las habilidades motoras, cognitivas y sensoriales. Así, los niños están expuestos a riesgos y, por lo tanto, los cuidados deben ser redoblados para prevenir accidentes, especialmente en el propio hogar. Objetivos: Identificar los riesgos a los que están expuestos los niños, así como trabajos científicos que aborden la prevención de accidentes domésticos en la primera infancia. Métodos: Se trata de una revisión integrativa de la literatura realizada en las siguientes bases de datos: LILACS, MEDLINE, BDENF y SciELO. La evaluación, del nivel de evidencia de los artículos encontrados se obtuvo por medio del método Oxford Center for Evidence-based Medicine. Resultados: Diez artículos cumplieron con los criterios de búsqueda establecidos. Los accidentes domésticos que se destacaron en los artículos fueron: caídas, quemaduras, envenenamiento y caídas de televisión. Con relación al ambiente familiar, fue notorio que la mayoría de las familias en los estudios analizados eran de bajos ingresos. Conclusión: Los padres o responsables de los niños son fundamentales para prevenir accidentes domésticos por diversas causas. Además, el papel de los profesionales de la salud es fundamental para desarrollar o potencializar programas de prevención, principalmente dirigidos a personas en situación de vulnerabilidad social o económica, con el fin de capacitar a la población en la identificación y minimización de riesgos.

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BACKGROUND: Increased global cancer incidence rates have led to a growing demand for cancer diagnosis and treatment, as well as basic and clinical research on the subject. The expansion of clinical cancer trials beyond the borders of highly developed countries has aided the arrival of these assessments in South American countries. In this context, this study's objective is to highlight clinical cancer trial profiles developed and sponsored by pharmaceutical companies and conducted in South American countries from 2010 to 2020. METHODS: This study comprises descriptive and retrospective research conducted following a search for clinical trials (phases I, II and III), registered at clinicaltrials.gov, carried out in Latin American countries and sponsored by pharmaceutical companies ("Argentina", "Brazil", "Chile", "Peru", "Colombia", "Ecuador", "Uruguay", "Venezuela", "Paraguay", "Bolivia"), registered between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2020. A total of 1451 clinical trials were retrieved, of which 200 trials unrelated to cancer were excluded and 646 duplicates were removed, leading to a final total of 605 clinical trials employing qualitative and quantitative analyses. RESULTS: A 122% increase in the number of clinical trial registrations from 2010 to 2020 was noted, with a prevalence of phase III studies (431 trials of a total of 605). Lung (119), breast (100), leukemia (42), prostate (39) and melanoma (32) were the main cancers tested for new drugs. CONCLUSIONS: The data reported herein indicate the need for strategic basic and clinical research planning that considers South American epidemic cancer profiles.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To identify factors associated with permission for child vaccination in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Cross-sectional study, with parents/guardians of children aged up to 1 year, 11 months and 29 days, aged 18 years or older, with internet access and residents of the state of Alagoas. The collection was conducted between June 2021 and April 2022, using a structured instrument via Google forms®. Fisher's Exact and Pearson's chi-square statistical tests were used. Results: A total of 94 parents/guardians participated. There was an association between permission for child vaccination during the COVID-19 pandemic and higher education level of parents/guardians, with the lack of an educational bond with the child, and between parents/guardians who would allow the application of the COVID-19 vaccine. Conclusion: Permission for child vaccination in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with higher education level of parents/guardians and the absence of educational bond of the child.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar los factores asociados a permitir la vacunación infantil en el contexto de la pandemia de COVID-19. Método: Estudio transversal, con padres/tutores de niños de hasta 1 año, 11 meses y 29 días, con edad igual o superior a 18 años, con acceso a internet y residentes en el estado de Alagoas. La recolección se realizó entre junio de 2021 y abril de 2022, utilizando un instrumento estructurado a través de Google Forms®. Se utilizaron las pruebas estadísticas Exacto de Fisher y chi-cuadrado de Pearson. Resultados: Participaron 94 padres/tutores. Hubo asociación entre el permiso para la vacunación infantil durante la pandemia de COVID-19 y la escolaridad superior de los padres/tutores, con la falta de vínculo educativo con el niño, y entre los padres/tutores que permitirían la aplicación de la vacuna contra el COVID-19, si disponible. Conclusión: El permiso para la vacunación infantil en el contexto de la pandemia de COVID-19 se asoció con la educación superior de los padres/tutores y la falta de vínculos educativos para el niño.

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar os fatores associados à permissão da vacinação infantil no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19. Método: Estudo transversal, com pais/responsáveis de crianças com até 1 ano 11 meses e 29 dias, idade maior ou igual a 18 anos, acesso à internet e residentes no estado de Alagoas. A coleta foi realizada entre junho de 2021 e abril de 2022, por instrumento estruturado via Google Forms®. Utilizou-se os testes estatísticos Exato de Fisher e o Qui-quadrado de Pearson. Resultados: Participaram 94 pais/responsáveis. Houve associação da permissão da vacinação infantil durante a pandemia da COVID-19 com uma maior escolaridade dos pais/responsáveis, com a ausência de vínculo educacional da criança e entre os pais/responsáveis que permitiriam a aplicação da vacina da COVID-19, caso estivesse disponível. Conclusão: A permissão da vacinação infantil no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19 foi associada a maior escolaridade dos pais/responsáveis e a ausência de vinculação educacional da criança.

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Resumo O desenvolvimento de novos medicamentos depende de etapas científicas que culminam nos ensaios clínicos em seres humanos. A farmácia de ensaios clínicos (FEC) é o local destinado ao recebimento, preparação, armazenamento e dispensação do produto investigacional (PI). Para tanto, deve possuir infraestrutura e procedimentos que garantam a segurança do participante e a qualidade da pesquisa. Este trabalho teve por objetivo sistematizar diretrizes para FEC no Brasil. Foi realizada uma revisão de escopo e as diretrizes foram organizadas utilizando o método de Ishikawa ("método 6Ms"). No total foram selecionadas 51 publicações, sendo 39 diretrizes e normas e 12 artigos científicos para cada "M"; 25 descreveram o ciclo de assistência farmacêutica (procedimentos para assegurar a segurança dos participantes, desde a requisição do produto até a destinação final), 14 indicadores de qualidade, 12 de recursos humanos, 11 de infraestrutura e recursos materiais e 5 descreveram PIs. para organização, funcionamento e avaliação de FEC no Brasil e corroboram a necessidade da presença do profissional farmacêutico no ciclo da assistência farmacêutica no contexto dos ensaios clínicos, contribuindo ainda na preparação para monitorias, auditorias e inspeções de agências regulatórias.

Abstract The development of new drugs depends on several scientific steps, which culminate in clinical trials. The clinical trials pharmacy (CTP) is the place for receiving, preparing, storing and dispensing the investigational product or study drug. Therefore, it must have infrastructure and procedures that guarantee participant safety and quality of research data. This study aimed to systematize guidelines for CTP in Brazil. We conducted a scope review and organized the results using the Ishikawa Method (6Ms). In total, 51 publications were selected for each "M", 39 laws, regulations or guidelines and 12 scientific articles: 25 publications for pharmaceutical services (pharmacy procedures to ensure participant safety from investigational product ordering to final disposition), 14 for Quality Indicators, 12 for Human Resources, 11 for Infrastructure, 11 for Material Resources and 5 for Investigational Product. Our results synthesize information for the organization, operation and evaluation of CTP in Brazil, emphasizes the inclusion of the pharmacist within the clinical trials context, and contributes to preparation for monitoring, auditing, and inspections conducted by regulatory agencies.

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The development of new drugs depends on several scientific steps, which culminate in clinical trials. The clinical trials pharmacy (CTP) is the place for receiving, preparing, storing and dispensing the investigational product or study drug. Therefore, it must have infrastructure and procedures that guarantee participant safety and quality of research data. This study aimed to systematize guidelines for CTP in Brazil. We conducted a scope review and organized the results using the Ishikawa Method (6Ms). In total, 51 publications were selected for each "M", 39 laws, regulations or guidelines and 12 scientific articles: 25 publications for pharmaceutical services (pharmacy procedures to ensure participant safety from investigational product ordering to final disposition), 14 for Quality Indicators, 12 for Human Resources, 11 for Infrastructure, 11 for Material Resources and 5 for Investigational Product. Our results synthesize information for the organization, operation and evaluation of CTP in Brazil, emphasizes the inclusion of the pharmacist within the clinical trials context, and contributes to preparation for monitoring, auditing, and inspections conducted by regulatory agencies.

O desenvolvimento de novos medicamentos depende de etapas científicas que culminam nos ensaios clínicos em seres humanos. A farmácia de ensaios clínicos (FEC) é o local destinado ao recebimento, preparação, armazenamento e dispensação do produto investigacional (PI). Para tanto, deve possuir infraestrutura e procedimentos que garantam a segurança do participante e a qualidade da pesquisa. Este trabalho teve por objetivo sistematizar diretrizes para FEC no Brasil. Foi realizada uma revisão de escopo e as diretrizes foram organizadas utilizando o método de Ishikawa ("método 6Ms"). No total foram selecionadas 51 publicações, sendo 39 diretrizes e normas e 12 artigos científicos para cada "M"; 25 descreveram o ciclo de assistência farmacêutica (procedimentos para assegurar a segurança dos participantes, desde a requisição do produto até a destinação final), 14 indicadores de qualidade, 12 de recursos humanos, 11 de infraestrutura e recursos materiais e 5 descreveram PIs. para organização, funcionamento e avaliação de FEC no Brasil e corroboram a necessidade da presença do profissional farmacêutico no ciclo da assistência farmacêutica no contexto dos ensaios clínicos, contribuindo ainda na preparação para monitorias, auditorias e inspeções de agências regulatórias.

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In this study, soybean oil deodorizer distillate (SODD), a mixture of free fatty acids and acylglycerides, and isoamyl alcohol were evaluated as substrates in the synthesis of fatty acid isoamyl monoesters catalyzed by Eversa (a liquid formulation of Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase). SODD and the products were characterized by the chemical and physical properties of lubricant base stocks. The optimal conditions to produce isoamyl fatty acid esters were determined by response surface methodology (RSM) using rotational central composite design (RCCD, 23 factorial + 6 axial points + 5 replications at the central point); they were 1 mol of fatty acids (based on the SODD saponifiable index) to 2.5 mol isoamyl alcohol, 45 °C, and 6 wt.% enzymes (enzyme mass/SODD mass). The effect of the water content of the reactional medium was also studied, with two conditions of molecular sieve ratio (molecular sieve mass/SODD mass) selected as 39 wt.% (almost anhydrous reaction medium) and 9 wt.%. Ester yields of around 50 wt.% and 70 wt.% were reached after 50 h reaction, respectively. The reaction products containing 43.7 wt.% and 55.2 wt.% FAIE exhibited viscosity indices of 175 and 163.8, pour points of -6 °C and -9 °C, flash points of 178 and 104 °C, and low oxidative stability, respectively. Their properties (mainly very high viscosity indices) make them suitable to be used as base stocks in lubricant formulation industries.

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Leishmaniasis is a neglected disease that affects millions of people, mostly in developing countries. Although this disease has a high impact on public health, there are few drug options to treat the different leishmaniasis forms. Additionally, these current therapies have various adverse effects, including gastrointestinal disturbances, headache, pancreatitis, and hepatotoxicity. Thus, it is essential to develop new drug prototypes to treat leishmaniasis. Accordingly, the present study aimed to evaluate the leishmanicidal activity of Morita-Baylis-Hillman adducts and their O-acetylates, carboxylic acid derivatives, and acid and ester derivatives of 2-methyl-phenylpropanoids against Leishmania chagasi. Initially, we evaluated the cytotoxicity of 16 derivatives (1-16G) against J774A.1 macrophages. Eight derivatives (2G, 4G, 5G, 7G, 9G, 10G, 13G, and 15G) showed no cytotoxicity at up to the maximum concentration tested (100 µM). When evaluated for antileishmanial effect against promastigote forms, 1G, 6G, 8G, 10G, 11G, 13G, 14G, 15G, and 16G displayed significant toxicity compared to the control (0.1% DMSO). Additionally, the compounds 1G, 5G, 7G, 9G, 11G, 13G, 14G, and 16G reduced macrophage infection by amastigotes. Thus, we conclude that these derivatives have antileishmanial effects, particularly 1G, which showed activity against promastigotes and amastigotes, and low toxicity against macrophages.

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