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Motivation: Chemical shifts (CS) are an important source of structural information of macromolecules such as RNA. In addition to the scarce availability of CS for RNA, the observed values are prone to errors due to a wrong re-calibration or miss assignments. Different groups have dedicated their efforts to correct CS systematic errors on RNA. Despite this, there are not automated and freely available algorithms for evaluating the referencing of RNA 13 C CS before their deposition to the BMRB or re-reference already deposited CS with systematic errors. Results: Based on an existent method we have implemented an open source python module to correct 13 C CS (from here on 13Cexp) systematic errors of RNAs and then return the results in 3 formats including the nmrstar one. Availability and implementation: This software is available on GitHub at https://github.com/BIOS-IMASL/13Check_RNA under a MIT license. Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Assuntos
Isótopos de Carbono/análise , RNA/química , Software , Biologia Computacional , Análise de Sequência de RNARESUMO
There is a need to develop widely applicable tools to understand glycan organization, diversity and structure. We present a graph-theoretical study of a large sample of glycans in terms of finite dimension, a new metric which is an adaptation to finite sets of the classical Hausdorff "fractal" dimension. Every glycan in the sample is encoded, via finite dimension, as a point of Glycan Space, a new notion introduced in this paper. Two major outcomes were found: (a) the existence of universal bounds that restrict the universe of possible glycans and show, for instance, that the graphs of glycans are a very special type of chemical graph, and (b) how Glycan Space is related to biological domains associated to the analysed glycans. In addition, we discuss briefly how this encoding may help to improve search in glycan databases.
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PURPOSE: Hypocalcemia is the most common complication after total thyroidectomy. The aim of this study was to determine whether postoperative parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels predict hypocalcemia in order to design an algorithm for early discharge. METHODS: We present a prospective study including patients who underwent total thyroidectomy. Hypocalcemia was defined as serum ionized calcium < 1.09 mmol/L or clinical evidence of hypocalcemia. PTH measurement was performed preoperatively and at 1, 3, and 6 h postoperatively. The percent decline of preoperative values was calculated for each time point. RESULTS: One hundred and six patients were included. Thirty-six (33.9%) patients presented hypocalcemia. A 50% decline in PTH levels at 3 h postoperatively showed the highest sensitivity and specificity to predict hypocalcemia (91 and 73%, respectively). No patients with a decrease <35% developed hypocalcemia (100% sensitivity), and all patients with a decrease >80% had hypocalcemia (100% specificity). CONCLUSIONS: PTH determination at 3 h postoperatively is a reliable predictor of hypocalcemia. According to the proposed algorithm, patients with less than 80% drop in PTH levels can be safely discharged the day of the surgery.
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Algoritmos , Hipocalcemia/sangue , Hipocalcemia/epidemiologia , Hormônio Paratireóideo/sangue , Tireoidectomia/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Idoso , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Hipocalcemia/etiologia , Incidência , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Monitorização Fisiológica , Alta do Paciente , Período Pós-Operatório , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Estudos Prospectivos , Medição de Risco , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Tireoidectomia/métodos , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Los albinos tienen predisposición al padecimiento de determinados tipos de cáncer cutáneo, pero el melanoma no es común. Entre los pocos artículos que documentan su aparición en estos pacientes, la afección gastrointestinal por melanoma aparece con relativa frecuencia, ya sea en forma de tumor primario o metástasis. Se presenta el caso de una paciente mujer de 70 años con una lesión gástrica y otra intestinal, detectadas mediante tomografía computada. El estudio anatomopatológico fue compatible con el diagnóstico de melanoma amelanótico. Pese a su escasa incidencia en albinos, el melanoma es una opción que no puede descartarse. Es importante, además, revisar los diferentes componentes del tracto gastrointestinal ante la existencia (o no) de un melanoma primario conocido...
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Feminino , Adulto , Albinismo , Melanoma , Metástase Neoplásica , Trato GastrointestinalRESUMO
Los albinos tienen predisposición al padecimiento de determinados tipos de cáncer cutáneo, pero el melanoma no es común. Entre los pocos artículos que documentan su aparición en estos pacientes, la afección gastrointestinal por melanoma aparece con relativa frecuencia, ya sea en forma de tumor primario o metástasis. Se presenta el caso de una paciente mujer de 70 años con una lesión gástrica y otra intestinal, detectadas mediante tomografía computada. El estudio anatomopatológico fue compatible con el diagnóstico de melanoma amelanótico. Pese a su escasa incidencia en albinos, el melanoma es una opción que no puede descartarse. Es importante, además, revisar los diferentes componentes del tracto gastrointestinal ante la existencia (o no) de un melanoma primario conocido.(AU)
Albinos are predisposed to suffer certain types of skin cancer, but not usually melanoma, with just a few reports documenting it .Gastrointestinal tract is a relatively frequent site of melanoma occurrence, weather as a primary tumour or metastasis. We report a case of a 70 year-old female patient who underwent a computed tomography where a gastric and a bowel tumor were found. The pathology study was compatible with the diagnosis of an amelanotic melanoma. Despite that the diagnosis of melanoma in albine patients is a rare finding, it must be considered. It is also important to search through the digestive system even if there is no primary melanoma known.(AU)
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Many students may read fluently but have difficulties constructing meaning from texts. Difficulties with reading comprehension have many implications at school. In particular, problems understanding texts interfere with studying and learning from text. Reading comprehension has improved in the last 30 years focusing on intervention programs that work with strategies in which metacog-nition plays a crucial role. However, recent years have seen relevant advances in the study of the relationship between working memory (WM), particularly executive processes, and reading comprehension. In this paper, we present how the last 20 years of our research has evolved regarding metacognitive intervention from text comprehension strategies, as the main idea and summarization to the intervention on WM's executive processes during reading. Thus, our more recent empirical data has shown that text comprehension can be improved after specific training on the executive functions of working memory (e.g., focusing, switching, connecting and updating mental representations, and the inhibition of irrelevant information) in Primary school students.
Muchos estudiantes pueden leer de forma fluida pero presentan dificultades para construir significados a partir de los textos. Las dificultades de compresión lectora tienen varias implicaciones en la escuela. En particular, los problemas de comprensión de textos interfieren con el estudio y el aprendizaje desde el texto. La comprensión de lectura se ha mejorado en los últimos 30 años enfocándose en los programas de intervención que trabajan con estrategias en las cuales la metacognición juega un papel crucial. Sin embargo, en años recientes han sido relevantes los avances en el estudio de las relaciones entre la memoria de trabajo (WM), particularmente el proceso ejecutivo, y la comprensión de lectura. En este artículo presentamos la manera como se ha desarrollado nuestra investigación en los últimos 20 años, en relación con intervención metacognitiva desde las estrategias de comprensión de textos, tales como la idea principal y el resumen en la intervención sobre el proceso ejecutivo de WM durante la lectura. Así, nuestros datos empíricos recientes han mostrado que la comprensión de textos puede ser mejorada después del tratamiento específico sobre las funciones ejecutivas de memoria de trabajo (e.g., enfocándose, cambiando, conectando y actualizando las representaciones mentales y la inhibición de información irrelevante) en niños de escuela primaria.
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Ciência Cognitiva , CompreensãoAssuntos
Intoxicação por Monóxido de Carbono/complicações , Transtornos Cognitivos/diagnóstico , Imagem de Difusão por Ressonância Magnética , Síndromes Neurotóxicas/diagnóstico , Encéfalo/patologia , Intoxicação por Monóxido de Carbono/patologia , Intoxicação por Monóxido de Carbono/terapia , Transtornos Cognitivos/patologia , Transtornos Cognitivos/terapia , Humanos , Oxigenoterapia Hiperbárica , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Síndromes Neurotóxicas/patologia , Síndromes Neurotóxicas/terapiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Clinical and experimental evidence suggests that a localized decrease in oxygen brain tissue availability contributes to the neurological deficit in patients with cerebrovascular disease (CVD) who also present with frontal leukoaraiosis (LA) (periventricular hypodensity on CT scan) and lacunar infarcts. In a prospective controlled trial blinded to patients but not to investigators, we tested the effect of HBO2 on this group of patients. METHODS: Selected patients with symptomatic CVD, LA and lacunar infarcts received daily exposures of 45 minutes for 10 days to hyperbaric oxygen (n=18, HBO2 group) or hyperbaric air (n=8, control group). The control group subsequently received HBO2. Scores of conventional scales for motor and cognitive functions were obtained and videotaped before and after exposure. After the exposures, participants were followed on a monthly basis with systematic clinical neurological examination for up to 6 months. Results. There was a statistically significant improvement in all scales for the HBO2 group compared with the placebo group and in the placebo group after receiving HBO2 (p<0.05). Neurological improvement persisted in the majority of patients for up to 6 months. Repetition of the HBO2 protocol in 9 patients in whom symptoms recurred after 6 months resulted in improvement of symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: These data provide evidence consistent with the notion that HBO2 improves neurological function in patients with CVD, lacunar infarcts and frontal LA. Because of the lack of investigator blinding and a relatively small sample size in this study, larger, randomized controlled studies are needed to further test this hypothesis and to further define the role of oxygen therapy for brain repair in chronic brain disease.
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Doenças dos Gânglios da Base/terapia , Transtornos Cerebrovasculares/complicações , Transtornos Cognitivos/terapia , Transtornos Neurológicos da Marcha/terapia , Oxigenoterapia Hiperbárica , Transtornos Urinários/terapia , Idoso , Doenças dos Gânglios da Base/etiologia , Infarto Cerebral/complicações , Transtornos Cognitivos/etiologia , Feminino , Transtornos Neurológicos da Marcha/etiologia , Humanos , Leucoaraiose , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Oxigênio/metabolismo , Estudos Prospectivos , Método Simples-Cego , Transtornos Urinários/etiologiaRESUMO
Analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) is a valuable, non-invasive method for quantifying autonomic cardiac control in humans. Frequency-domain analysis of HRV involving myocardial ischaemic episodes should take into account its non-stationary behaviour. The wavelet transform is an alternative tool for the analysis of non-stationary signals. Fourteen patients have been analysed, ranging from 40 to 64 years old and selected from the European Electrocardiographic ST-T Database (ESDB). These records contain 33 ST episodes, according to the notation of the ESDB, with durations of between 40s and 12 min. A method for analysing HRV signals using the wavelet transform was applied to obtain a time-scale representation for very low-frequency (VLF), low-frequency (LF) and high-frequency (HF) bands using the orthogonal multiresolution pyramidal algorithm. The design and implementation using fast algorithms included a specially adapted decomposition quadrature mirror filter bank for the frequency bands of interest. Comparing a normality zone against the ischaemic episode in the same record, increases in LF (0.0112 +/- 0.0101 against 0.0175 +/- 0.0208 s2 Hz(-1); p<0.1) and HF (0.0011 +/- 0.0008 against 0.00 17 +/- 0.0020 s2 Hz(-1); p<0.05) were obtained. The possibility of using these indexes to develop an ischaemic-episode classifier was also tested. Results suggest that wavelet analysis provides useful information for the assessment of dynamic changes and patterns of HRV during myocardial ischaemia.