RESUMO
Emerging infectious diseases have become a major global problem with public health and economic consequences. It is an urgent need to develop new anti-infective therapies. The natural diterpene carnosol exhibit a wide variety of interesting antibacterial and antiviral properties, and it is considered a theoretical inhibitor of COVID-19 Mpro. However, this compound is present in the family Lamiaceae in low quantities. To obtain carnosol in concentrations high enough to develop pharmacological studies, we evaluated the efficiency of a micropropagation protocol of Rosmarinus officinalis using a solid medium and a temporary immersion system (TIS), as well as the effect of 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BAP) and α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) on the growth of shoots. Moreover, we developed and validated an analytical method to quantify carnosol using the H-point standard additions method in the high-performance liquid chromatography diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). After 30 days of culture, TIS produced the maximum number of shoots per explant (24.33 ± 1.15) on a liquid medium supplemented with 6-BAP at 5.0 mg L-1. Next, we also evaluated the effect of immersion time and frequency for TIS. After 72 days of culture, the best results were obtained with an immersion cycle of 1 min every 12 h, yielding 170.33 ± 29.40 shoots. The quantification of carnosol on the samples was performed at a flow rate of 1.2 mL min-1 using binary isocratic mobile phase system 60:40 (v/v) 10 mM formic acid (pH 3.0) (A) and acetonitrile (B) on a reverse-phase column. The content of carnosol in the in vitro cultures was around 8-fold higher than in the wild plant. The present study represents an efficient alternative method to obtain carnosol for its pre-clinical and clinical development.
RESUMO
Se aplicó el Proceso de Atención de Enfermería (PAE) en el hospital Adolfo López Mateos acorde al enfoque metodológico enfermero, empleando la teoría del déficit del autocuidado de Dorothea E. Orem, dirigido a un paciente masculino de 24 años con diagnóstico médico de politraumatismo, traumatismo craneoencefálico grado III y hemorragia subaracnoidea, con escala de valoración neurovascular Fisher II. El objetivo de este trabajo es que el profesional de enfermería adquiera opiniones, opciones, conocimientos y habilidades para diagnosticar, brindar tratamientos de enfermería e identificar los factores de riesgo que ayuden al paciente a su pronta recuperación o a mantener su estado de salud-enfermedad no sólo en el aspecto biológico, sino también en el aspecto psicosocial y espiritual, con el fin de prevenir patologías secundarias. Los aspectos teóricos están en proceso de desarrollo y perfeccionamiento. Por dichas razones, la investigación es el puente que une la teoría con la práctica y en donde la búsqueda del conocimiento es la base para formar el juicio y fundamento de las acciones de enfermería.
We applied the Nursing Care Process (SAP) at the Hospital Lic. Adolfo López Mateos nurse according to the methodological approach, using the self-care deficit theory of Dorothea E. Orem, aimed at a male patient of 24 years with physician diagnosed multiple trauma, head injury grade III subarachnoid hemorrhage, with rating scale neuro-vascular Fisher II. The aim of this work is that the nurse acquires opinions, options, knowledge and skills to diagnose, provide nursing treatments and identify risk factors that helps the patient to a speedy recovery or maintain their health and disease not only the biological aspect, but also the psychosocial aspect and spiritual in order to prevent secondary conditions. The theoretical aspects are under development and refinement. For these reasons, the research is the bridge between theory and practice where the pursuit of knowledge is the base to form the judgment and nursing actions.