RESUMO

AIMS: Very Low Birthweight (VLBW) infants with neonatal Chronic Lung Disease (CLD) have been found to have functional impairment of the brainstem auditory pathway at term. This study investigated the functional status of the brainstem auditory pathway in VLBW infants with CLD after term for any abnormality. METHODS: Fifty-two VLBW infants were recruited at 50 weeks of Postconceptional Age: 25 with neonatal CLD and 27 without CLD. None had any other major complications to minimize confounding effects. Brainstem Auditory Evoked Responses were studied at 21‒91/s click rates. RESULTS: Compared with those without CLD, VLBW infants with CLD had relatively shorter latencies of BAER waves I and III, associated with a slightly lower BAER threshold. Wave V latency and I‒V interpeak interval did not differ significantly between the two groups of infants. The I‒III interval in infants with CLD was shorter than in those without CLD at 91/s clicks. However, the III‒V interval was significantly longer than in those without CLD at all click rates (all p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the amplitudes of BAER wave components between the two groups of infants. CONCLUSIONS: The main BAER abnormality in VLBW infants with CLD was a prolonged III‒V interval. Auditory conduction is delayed or impaired at more central regions of the brainstem in CLD infants. After term central auditory function is adversely affected by neonatal CLD. Monitoring post-term change is required to provide valuable information for post-term care of CLD infants.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Abstract Aims Very Low Birthweight (VLBW) infants with neonatal Chronic Lung Disease (CLD) have been found to have functional impairment of the brainstem auditory pathway at term. This study investigated the functional status of the brainstem auditory pathway in VLBW infants with CLD after term for any abnormality. Methods Fifty-two VLBW infants were recruited at 50 weeks of Postconceptional Age: 25 with neonatal CLD and 27 without CLD. None had any other major complications to minimize confounding effects. Brainstem Auditory Evoked Responses were studied at 21‒91/s click rates. Results Compared with those without CLD, VLBW infants with CLD had relatively shorter latencies of BAER waves I and III, associated with a slightly lower BAER threshold. Wave V latency and I‒V interpeak interval did not differ significantly between the two groups of infants. The I‒III interval in infants with CLD was shorter than in those without CLD at 91/s clicks. However, the III‒V interval was significantly longer than in those without CLD at all click rates (all p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the amplitudes of BAER wave components between the two groups of infants. Conclusions The main BAER abnormality in VLBW infants with CLD was a prolonged III‒V interval. Auditory conduction is delayed or impaired at more central regions of the brainstem in CLD infants. After term central auditory function is adversely affected by neonatal CLD. Monitoring post-term change is required to provide valuable information for post-term care of CLD infants.

RESUMO

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) consists of a group of hematologic tumors that are derived from the clonal proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells, featuring abnormal hematopoietic cell development and ineffective hematopoiesis. Animal models are an important scientific research platform that has been widely applied in the research of human diseases, especially tumors. Animal models with MDS can simulate characteristic human genetic variations and tumor phenotypes. They also provide a reliable platform for the exploration of the pathogenesis and diagnostic markers of MDS as well as for a drug efficacy evaluation. This paper reviews the research status of three animal models and a new spontaneous mouse model with MDS.

Assuntos

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Introduction: The ski jumping sequence can be divided into four steps: support, take-off, flight, and landing. Each stage has specific tasks and functions and is closely related, with the completion of each stage depending on the previous one. Objective: Explore the effectiveness of special strength training methods for ski sportsmen. Methods: Using the method of scientific literature review, expert interview, experience, and mathematical statistics to perform the special strength training for Chinese ski athletes, comparing the changes in the jump speed and take-off of the big jumps before and after 16 weeks of strength training with a specially developed protocol. Results: There were significant differences in take-off speed and air height before and after the experiment (P<0.05). The athletes in the experimental group significantly differed in takeoff speed before and after participation in the experiment (P=0.01). Conclusion: The experimental results fully evidence that by improving the rapid contraction strength of flexor and extensor muscles of the trunk and hip joints, modern abdominal center strength training methods are more effective than traditional methods. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução: A sequência de saltos de esqui pode ser dividida em quatro etapas: apoio, decolagem, voo e pouso. Cada etapa tem tarefas e funções específicas e está intimamente relacionada, sendo a conclusão de cada etapa dependente da etapa anterior. Objetivo: Explorar a eficácia dos métodos especiais de treinamento de força para esportistas em esqui. Métodos: Usando o método de análise científica literária, entrevista com especialistas, experiência e estatísticas matemáticas para realizar o treinamento de força especial para atletas chineses de esqui, comparando as mudanças na velocidade de salto e decolagem dos grandes saltos antes e depois de 16 semanas de treinamento de força com um protocolo especialmente desenvolvido. Resultados: Houve diferenças significativas na velocidade de decolagem e na altura aérea antes e depois do experimento (P<0,05). Os atletas do grupo experimental tiveram uma diferença muito significativa na velocidade de decolagem antes e depois da participação no experimento (P=0,01). Conclusão: Os resultados experimentais evidenciaram plenamente que ao melhorar a força de contração rápida dos músculos flexores e extensores das articulações do tronco e quadril, os métodos modernos de treinamento de força do centro abdominal são mais eficazes do que os métodos tradicionais de treinamento. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción: La secuencia de salto de esquí puede dividirse en cuatro pasos: apoyo, despegue, vuelo y aterrizaje. Cada paso tiene tareas y funciones específicas y está estrechamente relacionado, siendo la conclusión de cada paso dependiente del anterior. Objetivo: Explorar la eficacia de los métodos especiales de entrenamiento de la fuerza para los deportistas de esquí. Métodos: Utilizando el método de revisión de la literatura científica, la entrevista a expertos, la experiencia y la estadística matemática para realizar el entrenamiento de fuerza especial para los atletas de esquí chinos, comparando los cambios en la velocidad de salto y el despegue de los grandes saltos antes y después de 16 semanas de entrenamiento de fuerza con un protocolo especialmente desarrollado. Resultados: Hubo diferencias significativas en la velocidad de despegue y la altura del aire antes y después del experimento (P<0,05). Los atletas del grupo experimental tuvieron una diferencia muy significativa en la velocidad de despegue antes y después de la participación en el experimento (P=0,01). Conclusión: Los resultados experimentales evidencian plenamente que, al mejorar la fuerza de contracción rápida de los músculos flexores y extensores de las articulaciones del tronco y la cadera, los métodos modernos de entrenamiento de la fuerza del núcleo abdominal son más eficaces que los métodos de entrenamiento tradicionales. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Introduction: Tennis is a competitive sport endowed with subtle movements, sophisticated and changeable techniques and tactics, and intense confrontation. It has high demands on the athlete's physical and psychological qualities. To win high-level professional tennis events, in addition to basic skills, comprehensive technical and tactical abilities, stable psychological quality, and flexible and innovative thinking, tennis players must also have exceptional physical fitness. Objective: Study the index system for evaluating the sport-specific skills of tennis athletes. Methods: 30 youth tennis training athletes were selected. Research methods such as literature, expert interview, questionnaire, and mathematical statistics were used to construct the fitness evaluation index of Chinese professional tennis players. Results: Professional tennis players' specific fitness assessment indexes include one first-level index, 14 second-level indexes, and 23 three-item indexes. Conclusion: Young athletes must strengthen their agile attack speed, explosive strength, core strength, and coordination. The individual indicators are weighted according to individual standards of physical training level. Thus, the five first-level indicators and specific fitness standards are established in this paper. The results of this research have guiding significance for the formulation and implementation of further tennis education and training plans. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução: O tênis é um esporte de competitividade dotado de movimentos sutis, técnicas e táticas sofisticadas e passíveis de mudança, e intenso confronto. Possui altas exigências quanto às qualidades físicas e psicológicas do atleta. Para vencerem eventos de tênis profissionais de alto nível, além de habilidades básicas, habilidades técnicas e táticas abrangentes, qualidade psicológica estável e pensamento flexível e inovador, os tenistas também devem ter uma aptidão física excepcional. Objetivo: Estudar o sistema de índice de avaliação das habilidades esportivas específicas dos atletas de tênis. Métodos: Selecionou-se 30 atletas de treinamento juvenil de tênis. Métodos de pesquisa como a literatura, entrevista com especialistas, questionário e estatísticas matemáticas foram utilizados para construir o índice de avaliação da aptidão física particular dos jogadores profissionais de tênis chineses. Resultados: Os índices específicos de avaliação da aptidão física dos tenistas profissionais incluem um índice de primeiro nível, 14 índices de segundo nível e 23 índices de três itens. Conclusão: É preciso que os jovens atletas fortaleçam sua velocidade de ataque ágil, força explosiva, força central e coordenação. Os indicadores individuais são ponderados de acordo com os padrões individuais de nível de treinamento físico. Desta forma, os cinco indicadores de primeiro nível e os padrões específicos de aptidão física são estabelecidos neste documento. Os resultados dessa pesquisa têm significado orientador para a formulação e implementação de planos de ensino e treinamento de tênis posteriores. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción: El tenis es un deporte de competitividad dotado de movimientos sutiles, técnicas y tácticas sofisticadas y cambiantes, y un enfrentamiento intenso. Posee altas exigencias en cuanto a las cualidades físicas y psicológicas del atleta. Para ganar eventos de tenis profesional de alto nivel, además de las habilidades básicas, de las habilidades técnicas y tácticas completas, de la calidad psicológica estable y del pensamiento flexible e innovador, los tenistas también deben tener una forma física excepcional. Objetivo: Estudiar el sistema de índices para evaluar las habilidades deportivas específicas de los atletas de tenis. Métodos: Se seleccionaron 30 atletas juveniles de entrenamiento de tenis. Se utilizaron métodos de investigación como la literatura, la entrevista a expertos, el cuestionario y la estadística matemática para construir el índice de evaluación de la aptitud física particular de los tenistas profesionales chinos. Resultados: Los índices específicos de evaluación de la aptitud física de los tenistas profesionales incluyen un índice de primer nivel, 14 índices de segundo nivel y 23 índices de tres elementos. Conclusión: Es necesario que los jóvenes atletas refuercen su velocidad de ataque ágil, su fuerza explosiva, su fuerza central y su coordinación. Los indicadores individuales se ponderan en función de las normas individuales de nivel de entrenamiento físico. De este modo, en este documento se establecen los cinco indicadores de primer nivel y las normas específicas de aptitud. Los resultados de esta investigación tienen una importancia orientadora para la formulación y la aplicación de nuevos planes de educación y formación en materia de tenis. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Introduction: Tennis is highly technical, and any error in its players' strength training can exponentially impact the competition. A timely review and analysis of tennis players' biomechanics will help to better understand the training system and reveal the basis for future scientific sports training strategies. Objective: Analyzes the effect of different strength training methods to design the best protocol considering tennis players' speed and success rate. Methods: The effect of training on 40 tennis players is discussed. The volunteers were divided into the experimental and control group. The experimental group performed strength training for 40 minutes daily, thrice a week. The control group continued with conventional training. The trial lasted eight weeks. The speed and success rate of the training were tested before and after the experiment. Results: The experimental group players significantly improved serve speed (P<0.05). The success rate of the experimental group was also significantly improved (P<0.05). Conclusion: The proposed strength training significantly improved the success rates of speed in tennis players. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução: O tênis é um esporte altamente técnico e qualquer erro no treinamento de força de seus praticantes pode gerar impactos exponenciais na competição. Uma revisão e análise oportuna da biomecânica dos tenistas ajudará a entender melhor o sistema de treino e revelar as bases para a formulação de estratégias de treinamento esportivo científico no futuro. Objetivo: Analisa o efeito de diferentes métodos de treinamento de força para elaborar o melhor protocolo considerando a velocidade e a taxa de sucesso dos jogadores de tênis. Métodos: Discute-se o efeito do treinamento em 40 jogadores de tênis. Os voluntários foram divididos em grupo experimental e controle. O grupo experimental realizou um treinamento de força por 40 minutos diários, três vezes por semana. O grupo de controle continuou com o treino convencional. O ensaio durou oito semanas. A velocidade e a taxa de sucesso do treino foram testadas antes e depois do experimento. Resultados: Os jogadores do grupo experimental tiveram melhora significa na velocidade de saque (P<0,05). A taxa de sucesso do grupo experimental também foi significativamente aprimorada (P<0,05). Conclusão: O treinamento de força proposto conseguiu melhorar significativamente as taxas de sucesso a velocidade nos jogadores de tênis. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción: El tenis es un deporte altamente técnico y cualquier error en el entrenamiento de la fuerza de sus jugadores puede generar impactos exponenciales en la cancha. Una revisión y un análisis oportunos de la biomecánica de los tenistas ayudarán a comprender mejor el sistema de entrenamiento y revelarán la base para la formulación de estrategias científicas de entrenamiento deportivo en el futuro. Objetivo: Analizar el efecto de diferentes métodos de entrenamiento de fuerza para diseñar el mejor protocolo teniendo en cuenta la velocidad y el índice de éxito de los tenistas. Métodos: Se analiza el efecto del entrenamiento en 40 tenistas. Los voluntarios se dividieron en grupo experimental y grupo de control. El grupo experimental realizó un entrenamiento de fuerza durante 40 minutos diarios, tres veces por semana. El grupo de control continuó con el entrenamiento convencional. La prueba duró ocho semanas. La velocidad y la tasa de éxito del entrenamiento se comprobaron antes y después del experimento. Resultados: Los jugadores del grupo experimental tuvieron una mejora significativa en la velocidad de saque (P<0,05). La tasa de éxito del grupo experimental también mejoró significativamente (P<0,05). Conclusión: El entrenamiento de fuerza propuesto fue capaz de mejorar significativamente las tasas de éxito la velocidad en los jugadores de tenis. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: To understand provider perceptions of the COVID-19 pandemic on priorities of severe pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) care across hospitals in South America. METHODS: Site principal investigators (PIs) from 17 hospitals in South America enrolled in the PEGASUS-Argentina randomized controlled trial completed questionnaires regarding order of tasks performed in the care of a typical pediatric patient with severe TBI before (2019) and during (2021) the COVID-19 pandemic. Acute care processes were examined by quintiles to identify early, mid, and late actions and were categorized and compared. Associations of hospital volume and subspecialty resource availability with prioritization of key process actions were examined. FINDING: Site PIs from 15 and 16 hospitals completed the surveys in 2019 and 2021, respectively, including 14 who completed both. Action category order was stable between 2019 and 2021 and were ranked in priorities as: initial encounter, primary survey, interventions and invasive monitors, diagnostics, medications, staff communication, then disposition (in 2019) or nutrition (in 2021). There was variation in specific action order between hospitals at both timepoints, with only a few initial encounter and disposition actions limited to a single quintile. There was no reported association between hospital volume or subspecialty resource availability with prioritization of key process actions. INTERPRETATION: Despite novel healthcare challenges presented by the COVID-19 pandemic, providers in South America perceived maintaining standard severe pediatric TBI care consistent with BTF guidelines. There was large variability in specific action order between individual hospitals reported.

Assuntos

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed at the oral health problems of elderly patients with diabetes. A training course of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine was constructed, helping patients improve their oral health quality of life. METHODS: A randomized controlled prospective experimental study was conducted. A total of 190 elderly patients were divided randomly into an observation group and a control group with 95 cases in each. The control group received regular health education, while the observation group was based on the control group to implement the integrated experiential learning of traditional Chinese and Western medicine in small groups. The oral health knowledge, attitude, behavior, and blood glucose control status along with the oral health quality of life of the two groups were compared before the intervention and at 3-month postintervention. RESULTS: Three months after the intervention, the fasting blood glucose control and the 2-h postprandial blood glucose/glycosylated hemoglobin levels in the observation group were significantly better than in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). The oral health quality of life in the observation group was significantly better than in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The small-group experiential learning model of integrated Chinese and Western medicine can promote the transformation of knowledge-beliefs-behaviors in elderly patients with diabetes, which is conducive to controlling blood sugar levels and improving the quality of oral health.

Assuntos

RESUMO

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study aimed at the oral health problems of elderly patients with diabetes. A training course of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine was constructed, helping patients improve their oral health quality of life. METHODS: A randomized controlled prospective experimental study was conducted. A total of 190 elderly patients were divided randomly into an observation group and a control group with 95 cases in each. The control group received regular health education, while the observation group was based on the control group to implement the integrated experiential learning of traditional Chinese and Western medicine in small groups. The oral health knowledge, attitude, behavior, and blood glucose control status along with the oral health quality of life of the two groups were compared before the intervention and at 3-month postintervention. RESULTS: Three months after the intervention, the fasting blood glucose control and the 2-h postprandial blood glucose/glycosylated hemoglobin levels in the observation group were significantly better than in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). The oral health quality of life in the observation group was significantly better than in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The small-group experiential learning model of integrated Chinese and Western medicine can promote the transformation of knowledge-beliefs-behaviors in elderly patients with diabetes, which is conducive to controlling blood sugar levels and improving the quality of oral health.

Assuntos

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical and genetic causes of neonatal unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. STUDY DESIGN: We included 1412 neonates diagnosed with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (total serum bilirubin >95 percentile for age), from the China Neonatal Genomes Project between August 2016 and September 2019, in the current study. Clinical data and targeted panel sequencing data on 2742 genes including known unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia genes were analyzed. RESULTS: Among the 1412 neonates with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, 37% had severe unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, with total serum bilirubin levels that met the recommendations for exchange transfusion. Known clinical causes were identified for 68% of patients. The most common clinical cause in the mild unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia group was infection (17%) and in the severe group was combined factors (21%, with infection combined with extravascular hemorrhage the most common). A genetic variant was observed in 55 participants (4%), including 45 patients with variants in genes associated with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia and 10 patients with variants that were regarded as additional genetic findings. Among the 45 patients identified with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia-related variants, the genes were mainly associated with enzyme deficiencies, metabolic/biochemical disorders, and red blood cell membrane defects. G6PD and UGT1A1 variants, were detected in 34 of the 45 patients (76%). CONCLUSIONS: Known clinical causes, which varied with bilirubin levels, were identified in approximately two-thirds of the patients. Genetic findings were identified in 4% of the patients, including in patients with an identified clinical cause, with G6PD and UGT1A1 being the most common genes in which variants were detected.

Assuntos