RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in a prison population. METHODS: A total of 147 individuals were interviewed and subjected to venipuncture for collection of blood sample. The study population consisted of male individuals who attended the health unit of the state penitentiary of Florianópolis. RESULTS: The prevalence of HCV infection was 5.4%. Regarding behavioral variables, 95 (64.6%, p<0.0507) subjects reported consuming alcohol and 7 (4.8%, p<0.0476) reported having already used injectable drugs. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of HCV infection in the studied population was higher than that in the general populations.
Assuntos
Hepatite C/epidemiologia , Prisioneiros , Adolescente , Adulto , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas , Brasil , Usuários de Drogas/estatística & dados numéricos , Hepacivirus/isolamento & purificação , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite C/sangue , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Abstract INTRODUCTION The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in a prison population. METHODS: A total of 147 individuals were interviewed and subjected to venipuncture for collection of blood sample. The study population consisted of male individuals who attended the health unit of the state penitentiary of Florianópolis. RESULTS: The prevalence of HCV infection was 5.4%. Regarding behavioral variables, 95 (64.6%, p<0.0507) subjects reported consuming alcohol and 7 (4.8%, p<0.0476) reported having already used injectable drugs. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of HCV infection in the studied population was higher than that in the general populations.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adolescente , Adulto , Adulto Jovem , Prisioneiros , Hepatite C/epidemiologia , Brasil , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas , Prevalência , Hepacivirus/isolamento & purificação , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite C/sangue , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Usuários de Drogas/estatística & dados numéricos , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Since complement system has been recently associated with metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, and closely related to insulin resistance, we investigated the association of plasma complement factor 3 (C3) and factor 4 (C4) with insulin sensibility and weight loss after bariatric surgery. METHODS: Serum levels of C3, C4, total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR) measurements were assessed in morbidly obese patients before and after bariatric surgery, including a 6-month follow-up period, as well as a comparison with a lean group. RESULTS: Weight loss decreased body mass index (BMI), serum triacylglycerol, and increased serum HDL-cholesterol and insulin sensitivity, as expected. C3 and C4 were significantly higher in obese individuals when compared to lean subjects (p<0.001). In addition, C3 and C4 positively correlated with BMI and HOMA-IR, however, only C3 were significantly decreased 6months after surgery. CONCLUSION: C3 was strongly associated with insulin sensitivity after bariatric surgery.
Assuntos
Cirurgia Bariátrica , Complemento C3/metabolismo , Resistência à Insulina , Obesidade Mórbida/sangue , Obesidade Mórbida/cirurgia , Adulto , Biomarcadores/sangue , Índice de Massa Corporal , Complemento C4/metabolismo , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Lipídeos/sangue , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Período Pós-OperatórioRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among prison inmates and to define the behavioral profile of infected individuals. METHODS:: In total, 147 individuals were interviewed and provided biological material. The study population consisted of male individuals who presented at the health unit of the Florianopolis State Penitentiary. RESULTS:: The prevalence of HIV infection was 2.1% (95% confidence interval, 0.4-5.8). With respect to the behavioral profile of individuals, no variable showed statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS:: The prevalence of HIV infection among prison inmates was higher than that reported for the general population.
Assuntos
Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Prisioneiros/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Brasil/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Adulto JovemRESUMO
AIM OF THE STUDY: Ilex paraguariensis St. Hilaire (Aquifoliaceae) is a plant widely cultivated in South America that is used to prepare a tea-like beverage with a reputation to improve cognitive function, a response that has been attributed to the constituents of the leaves, especially caffeine. Our previous study indicated that the hydroalcoholic extract of Ilex paraguariensis presents an antiparkinsonian profile in reserpine- and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine hydrochloride (MPTP)-treated rodents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the present study, the effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of Ilex paraguariensis on the short- and long-term learning and memory of rats were assessed with the social recognition, Morris water maze, and step-down inhibitory avoidance tasks. RESULTS: A preliminary HPLC fingerprint of the plant extract confirmed the presence of caffeine (the major compound), rutin and kaemperol, and revealed the absence of detectable concentrations of caffeic acid, quercetin and ursolic acid. Acute pre-training intraperitoneal (i.p.) or oral administration of the extract of Ilex paraguariensis improved the short-term social memory in a specific manner as well as facilitated the step-down inhibitory avoidance short-term memory evaluated 1.5h after training. Moreover, a synergistic response was observed following the co-administration of 'non-effective' doses of caffeine and Ilex paraguariensis in the social memory. In contrast, pre-training administration of hydroalcoholic extract of Ilex paraguariensis did not alter the step-down inhibitory avoidance long-term memory evaluated 24h after training, while the highest dose tested (250 mg/kg, i.p.) disrupted the animals' performance in a cued version of the Morris water maze. CONCLUSION: These results partly substantiate the traditional use of mate tea for improvement of cognition indicating that acute administration of hydroalcoholic extract of Ilex paraguariensis differentially modulates short- and long-term learning and memory in rats probably through its antagonist's action on adenosine receptors.