RESUMO
The objective of this study was to evaluate differential expression of innate and adaptive immune genes, including immunoglobulin, immune cell receptor, cytokine, inflammatory protein, toll-like receptors (TLR) and recombination-activating gene (RAG) in skin from channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus after immunization with live theronts of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ich) by intraperitoneal injection. The immunized catfish showed significantly higher survival rate (95%) than those of mock-immunized control fish (0% survival) after the theront challenge. The gene expression of innate immune system, such as cytokines (IL-1ß type a, IL-1ß type b, IFN-γ, TGF1-ß and TNF-α) and inflammatory proteins (NF-kB and iNOS 2), showed significant upregulation at day 1 (D1) post-immunization. Expression of TLR genes exhibited a rapid increase from hour 4 (h4) to D10 post-immunization. Genes of the adaptive response, such as the cell receptor MHC I, CD8+ , CD4+ and TCR-α, showed upregulation at D1, D6 and D10. The TCR-ß expression increased rapidly at h4 and remained upregulated until D10. Immunoglobulin IgM upregulation was detected from h4 until D2 while IgD expression was increased from D1 until D10. Rapid upregulation of innate and adaptive immune genes in skin of catfish following live theront vaccination was demonstrated in this study ultimately resulting in significant protection against Ich infection.
Assuntos
Infecções por Cilióforos/veterinária , Doenças dos Peixes/imunologia , Hymenostomatida/imunologia , Ictaluridae/imunologia , Ictaluridae/parasitologia , Pele/imunologia , Animais , Anticorpos Antiprotozoários/imunologia , Infecções por Cilióforos/imunologia , Doenças dos Peixes/parasitologia , Imunização/veterinária , Imunoglobulina M , NF-kappa B , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfaRESUMO
AIM: To investigate the role of human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) in the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC) receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT). METHODS: A total of 218 patients with LA-NSCLC were enrolled. All patients underwent CRT. The treatment response to CRT was evaluated. The prognosis analysis was performed using relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival [1]. RESULTS: Our data show that the serum HE4 can discriminate patients who respond well to CRT from those who respond poorly. Higher serum HE4 had dramatically increased risk of being non-responders to CRT. Serum HE4 level is also associated with prognosis of patients after CRT. Patients with high HE4 level had shorter RFS and OS compared to those with low HE4 level. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that serum HE4 may be a useful prognostic biomarker for LA-NSCLC patients who underwent CRT.
Assuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Biomarcadores Tumorais/metabolismo , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/patologia , Quimiorradioterapia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/patologia , Proteínas/metabolismo , Adenocarcinoma/metabolismo , Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Adenocarcinoma/terapia , Carboplatina/administração & dosagem , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/metabolismo , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/terapia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/terapia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Cisplatino/administração & dosagem , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/metabolismo , Neoplasias Pulmonares/terapia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/metabolismo , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/terapia , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Paclitaxel/administração & dosagem , Prognóstico , Curva ROC , Estudos Retrospectivos , Taxa de Sobrevida , Vimblastina/administração & dosagem , Vimblastina/análogos & derivados , Vinorelbina , Proteína 2 do Domínio Central WAP de Quatro DissulfetosRESUMO
This study evaluated the influence of temperature on the immune responses and hematological parameters in channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus immunized via intraperitoneal injection with live theronts of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. Fish were distributed in 18 aquaria and received 9 treatments: 4 groups of fish were vaccinated with live theronts and maintained at constant temperature 15 °C, 20 °C, 25 °C and 30 °C; 3 groups of fish vaccinated and subjected to cycling temperature regime from 15-25 °C, 20-25 °C and 20-30 °C, changed 5 °C each day; 2 groups of fish were not vaccinated and served as controls at 25 °C, one with Ich challenge and the other without challenge. Non vaccinated fish and those vaccinated at 15 °C or 15-25 °C did not show anti-Ich antibodies in the serum 14 and 21 days post-immunization. The antibody levels were significantly higher from fish vaccinated at 25 °C, 30 °C, 20-25 °C and 20-30 °C compared to fish at 15 °C, 20 °C and 15-25 °C both 14 and 21 days post-immunization. At constant water temperature, fish vaccinated at 15 °C showed significantly higher mortality rate (67.8%, P < 0.05) than those vaccinated at 20 °C, 25 °C, and 30 °C (0-10.7% mortalities). At cycling water temperature, fish vaccinated at 15-25 °C showed significantly higher mortality rate (67.8%) than those vaccinated at 20-25 °C and 20-30 °C (P < 0.05). Twenty days after immunization fish vaccinated at 30 °C and 20-30 °C showed significant increase in the red blood cells, white blood cells, thrombocytes and monocytes. Six days after challenge with I. multifiliis theronts the fish showed decreased white blood cells, thrombocytes and monocytes. This study suggests that vaccinated catfish were severely impacted by low temperature, either at 15 °C constant temperature or at 15-25 °C cycling temperature. The fish showed no anti-Ich antibodies and suffered high mortality similar to non vaccinated control fish.