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Abstract Background Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is one of the most common types of skin cancer worldwide. Therefore, the identification of biomarkers associated with CSCC progression could aid in the early detection of high-risk squamous cell carcinoma and the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Objective This study aimed to investigate the expression patterns of silent mating type Information Regulation 2 homolog 6 (SIRT6) in CSCC and its clinical significance. Methods The protein expression level of SIRT6 in tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the correlation between SIRT6 expression and clinicopathological parameters in CSCC patients was analyzed. The relative expression of SIRT6 in CSCC cell lineage and tissue specimens was determined by western blotting and PCR. The effect of SIRT6 silencing on cell proliferation was evaluated using cell counting kit 8. Wound healing, transwell method, and flow cytometry were used to investigate the migration, invasion, and cell cycle distribution/apoptosis of CSCC cells after SIRT6 silencing, respectively. Western blot was used to detect the expression of EMT (Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition), cycle, apoptosis, and other related proteins. Results The high expression of SIRT6 was correlated with the location of cancer tissue and Broder staging in CSCC patients. Knockdown of SIRT6 inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT of CSCC cells, and promoted their apoptosis, with cells blocked in G1 phase. Study limitations No animal experiments were conducted to further verify the results. Conclusion Decreased expression of SIRT6 can inhibit the occurrence and development of CSCC.
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BACKGROUND: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is one of the most common types of skin cancer worldwide. Therefore, the identification of biomarkers associated with CSCC progression could aid in the early detection of high-risk squamous cell carcinoma and the development of novel therapeutic strategies. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the expression patterns of silent mating type Information Regulation 2 homolog 6 (SIRT6) in CSCC and its clinical significance. METHODS: The protein expression level of SIRT6 in tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the correlation between SIRT6 expression and clinicopathological parameters in CSCC patients was analyzed. The relative expression of SIRT6 in CSCC cell lineage and tissue specimens was determined by western blotting and PCR. The effect of SIRT6 silencing on cell proliferation was evaluated using cell counting kit 8. Wound healing, transwell method, and flow cytometry were used to investigate the migration, invasion, and cell cycle distribution/apoptosis of CSCC cells after SIRT6 silencing, respectively. Western blot was used to detect the expression of EMT (Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition), cycle, apoptosis, and other related proteins. RESULTS: The high expression of SIRT6 was correlated with the location of cancer tissue and Broder staging in CSCC patients. Knockdown of SIRT6 inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT of CSCC cells, and promoted their apoptosis, with cells blocked in G1 phase. STUDY LIMITATIONS: No animal experiments were conducted to further verify the results. CONCLUSION: Decreased expression of SIRT6 can inhibit the occurrence and development of CSCC.
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Apoptose , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Proliferação de Células , Sirtuínas , Neoplasias Cutâneas , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Biomarcadores Tumorais/metabolismo , Biomarcadores Tumorais/análise , Western Blotting , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/genética , Ciclo Celular/fisiologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Movimento Celular , Transição Epitelial-Mesenquimal , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Imuno-Histoquímica , Sirtuínas/genética , Sirtuínas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/genéticaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Renal and bone impairment has been reported in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients receiving long-term tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) therapy. This study aimed to assess the incidence of renal and bone impairment in CHB patients with long-term TDF therapy and to identify the changes in bone mineral density (BMD) and renal function in these patients after switching to entecavir (ETV) or tenofovir alafenamide (TAF). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study collected clinical data from CHB patients who received TDF monotherapy over 96 weeks. The changes in BMD and renal function were analyzed after 96 weeks of switching antiviral regimens (ETV or TAF) or maintenance TDF. RESULTS: At baseline, 154 patients receiving TDF monotherapy over 96 weeks were enrolled, with a younger median age of 36.75 years, 35.1% (54/154) of patients experienced elevated urinary ß2 microglobulin and 20.1% (31/154) of patients had reduced hip BMD (T<-1). At week 96, among the 123 patients with baseline normal BMD, patients who maintained TDF (n=85) had experienced a decrease in hip BMD, while patients who switched antiviral regimens (n=38) experienced an increase (-13.97% vs 2.34%, p<0.05). Among patients with a baseline reduced BMD (n=31), the alterations in BMD were similar in patients who maintained TDF (n=5) and those who switched antiviral regimens (n=26) (-15.81% vs 7.35%, p<0.05). Irrespective of baseline BMD status, renal function decreased significantly in patients who maintained TDF and improved in patients who switched antiviral regimens. CONCLUSIONS: Younger CHB patients on long-term TDF therapy are at high risk for bone and renal impairment, with the risk being reduced when switched to ETV or TAF.
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Hepatite B Crônica , Humanos , Adulto , Tenofovir/efeitos adversos , Hepatite B Crônica/diagnóstico , Hepatite B Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Alanina/uso terapêutico , Adenina/uso terapêutico , Rim/fisiologia , Antivirais/efeitos adversos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Aberrant angiogenesis is a hallmark of cancer and is critically associated with tumor progression. Perivascular cells are essential components of blood vessels, and the role of tumor perivascular cell-derived extracellular vesicles (TPC-EVs) in angiogenesis remains elusive. In the present study, using genetic mouse models and pharmacological inhibitors, we found that ablation of perivascular cells inhibited angiogenesis in allografted colorectal cancer tumors. Further studies demonstrated that TPC-EVs promoted the proliferation, migration, invasion, viability, and tube formation of HUVECs. They also facilitated vessel spouting in rat aortic rings and induced neovascularization in chick chorioallantoic membranes (CAMs). Silencing of Gas6 or blockade of the Axl pathway suppressed TPC-EV-induced angiogenesis in vitro and ex vivo. Moreover, inhibition of the Gas6/Axl signaling pathway impaired TPC-EV-mediated angiogenesis in vivo. Our findings present a deeper insight into the biological functions of TPCs and TPC-EVs in tumor angiogenesis and demonstrate that TPC-EV-derived Gas6 could be an attractive and innovative regulator of tumor angiogenesis.
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Neoplasias Colorretais/genética , Vesículas Extracelulares/genética , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intercelular/genética , Neovascularização Patológica/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas/genética , Receptores Proteína Tirosina Quinases/genética , Animais , Aorta/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Aorta/patologia , Movimento Celular/genética , Proliferação de Células/genética , Sobrevivência Celular/genética , Galinhas , Membrana Corioalantoide/enzimologia , Membrana Corioalantoide/patologia , Neoplasias Colorretais/patologia , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica/genética , Células Endoteliais da Veia Umbilical Humana , Humanos , Camundongos , Invasividade Neoplásica/genética , Invasividade Neoplásica/patologia , Neovascularização Patológica/patologia , Neoplasias de Células Epitelioides Perivasculares/genética , Neoplasias de Células Epitelioides Perivasculares/patologia , Ratos , Receptor Tirosina Quinase AxlRESUMO
Four new isocoumarins (1-4), along with three known ones (5-7), were isolated from the 70% ethanol extract of the whole body of the traditional Chinese insect medicine, American cockroach (Periplaneta americana). The structures with absolute configurations of new compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods in combination with X-ray diffraction experiment and CD analyses. Compounds 3-5 showed significant cytotoxic activities in HepG2 and MCF-7 cells with IC50 values in the ranges 6.41-23.91 µM and 6.67-39.07 µM, respectively.