RESUMO
PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of mesenteric lymph drainage on the spleen injury and the expressions of inflammatory cytokines in splenic tissue in mice following hemorrhagic shock. METHODS: Male C57 mice were randomly divided into the sham shock, shock and shock+drainage groups. The mice in both shock and shock+drainage groups suffered femoral artery bleeding, maintained mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 40±2 mmHg for 90 min, and were resuscitated. And mesenteric lymph drainage was performed in the shock+drainage group at the time of resuscitation. After three hours of resuscitation, the splenic tissues were harvested for the histological observation and protein and mRNA expression analysis of cytokines. RESULTS: The spleen in the shock group revealed a significantly structural damage and increased mRNA expressions of MyD88 and TRAF6 and protein expressions of TIPE2, MyD88, TRIF and TRAF3 compared to the sham group. By contrast, the splenic pathological injury in the shock+drainage group was alleviated significantly, and the mRNA and protein expressions of TIPE2, MyD88, TRIF, TRAF3 and TRAF6 were significantly lower than those in the shock group. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that post-hemorrhagic shock mesenteric lymph drainage alleviates hemorrhagic shock-induced spleen injury and the expressions of inflammatory cytokines.
Assuntos
Inflamação/prevenção & controle , Vasos Linfáticos/cirurgia , Mesentério , Choque Hemorrágico/complicações , Baço/lesões , Animais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Drenagem/métodos , Inflamação/etiologia , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , RessuscitaçãoRESUMO
Purpose:To investigate the effect of mesenteric lymph drainage on the spleen injury and the expressions of inflammatory cytokines in splenic tissue in mice following hemorrhagic shock.Methods:Male C57 mice were randomly divided into the sham shock, shock and shock+drainage groups. The mice in both shock and shock+drainage groups suffered femoral artery bleeding, maintained mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 40±2 mmHg for 90 min, and were resuscitated. And mesenteric lymph drainage was performed in the shock+drainage group at the time of resuscitation. After three hours of resuscitation, the splenic tissues were harvested for the histological observation and protein and mRNA expression analysis of cytokines.Results:The spleen in the shock group revealed a significantly structural damage and increased mRNA expressions of MyD88 and TRAF6 and protein expressions of TIPE2, MyD88, TRIF and TRAF3 compared to the sham group. By contrast, the splenic pathological injury in the shock+drainage group was alleviated significantly, and the mRNA and protein expressions of TIPE2, MyD88, TRIF, TRAF3 and TRAF6 were significantly lower than those in the shock group.Conclusion:These results indicate that post-hemorrhagic shock mesenteric lymph drainage alleviates hemorrhagic shock-induced spleen injury and the expressions of inflammatory cytokines.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Drenagem/métodos , Drenagem/veterinária , Sistema Linfático , Baço/lesões , Choque HemorrágicoRESUMO
Abstract Purpose: To investigate the effect of mesenteric lymph drainage on the spleen injury and the expressions of inflammatory cytokines in splenic tissue in mice following hemorrhagic shock. Methods: Male C57 mice were randomly divided into the sham shock, shock and shock+drainage groups. The mice in both shock and shock+drainage groups suffered femoral artery bleeding, maintained mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 40±2 mmHg for 90 min, and were resuscitated. And mesenteric lymph drainage was performed in the shock+drainage group at the time of resuscitation. After three hours of resuscitation, the splenic tissues were harvested for the histological observation and protein and mRNA expression analysis of cytokines. Results: The spleen in the shock group revealed a significantly structural damage and increased mRNA expressions of MyD88 and TRAF6 and protein expressions of TIPE2, MyD88, TRIF and TRAF3 compared to the sham group. By contrast, the splenic pathological injury in the shock+drainage group was alleviated significantly, and the mRNA and protein expressions of TIPE2, MyD88, TRIF, TRAF3 and TRAF6 were significantly lower than those in the shock group. Conclusion: These results indicate that post-hemorrhagic shock mesenteric lymph drainage alleviates hemorrhagic shock-induced spleen injury and the expressions of inflammatory cytokines.
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Choque Hemorrágico/complicações , Baço/lesões , Vasos Linfáticos/cirurgia , Inflamação/prevenção & controle , Mesentério , Ressuscitação , Drenagem/métodos , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Inflamação/etiologia , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BLRESUMO
PURPOSE: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of normal mesenteric lymph (NML) from mice on the spleen injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. METHODS: Mice in the LPS and LPS+NML groups received an intraperitoneal injection of LPS (35 mg/kg) and kept for 6 h.. The mice in the LPS+NML group received NML treatment at 1 h after LPS injection. Afterward, the splenic morphology, the levels of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14), phosphorylation mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and inflammatory mediators in splenic tissue were investigated. RESULTS: LPS injection induced spleen injury, increased the levels of LBP, CD14, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and interferon γ (IFN-γ), and decreased the IL-4 content in the spleen. By contrast, NML treatment reversed these changes. Meanwhile, the LPS challenge decreased the phosphorylation levels of p38 MAPK, extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Moreover, the phosphorylation levels of p38 MAPK and JNK were further decreased by the NML administration. CONCLUSION: rRdThe normal mesenteric lymph treatment alleviated lipopolysaccharide induced spleen injury by attenuating LPS sensitization and production of TNF-α, IL-6, and IFN-γ.
Assuntos
Lipopolissacarídeos/administração & dosagem , Linfonodos/transplante , Mesentério , Esplenopatias/terapia , Proteínas de Fase Aguda/análise , Animais , Proteínas de Transporte/análise , Citocinas/análise , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Injeções Intraperitoneais , Receptores de Lipopolissacarídeos/análise , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/análise , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Quinases de Proteína Quinase Ativadas por Mitógeno/análise , Distribuição Aleatória , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
PURPOSE: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of normal mesenteric lymph (NML) from mice on the spleen injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge.METHODS: Mice in the LPS and LPS+NML groups received an intraperitoneal injection of LPS (35 mg/kg) and kept for 6 h.. The mice in the LPS+NML group received NML treatment at 1 h after LPS injection. Afterward, the splenic morphology, the levels of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14), phosphorylation mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and inflammatory mediators in splenic tissue were investigated.RESULTS:LPS injection induced spleen injury, increased the levels of LBP, CD14, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and interferon γ (IFN-γ), and decreased the IL-4 content in the spleen. By contrast, NML treatment reversed these changes. Meanwhile, the LPS challenge decreased the phosphorylation levels of p38 MAPK, extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Moreover, the phosphorylation levels of p38 MAPK and JNK were further decreased by the NML administration.CONCLUSION:rRdThe normal mesenteric lymph treatment alleviated lipopolysaccharide induced spleen injury by attenuating LPS sensitization and production of TNF-α, IL-6, and IFN-γ.
Assuntos
Animais , Lipopolissacarídeos/administração & dosagem , Linfonodos/transplante , Mesentério , Esplenopatias/terapia , Proteínas de Fase Aguda/análise , /análise , Proteínas de Transporte/análise , Citocinas/análise , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Injeções Intraperitoneais , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/análise , Quinases de Proteína Quinase Ativadas por Mitógeno/análise , Distribuição Aleatória , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of normal mesenteric lymph (NML) from mice on the spleen injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. Mice in the LPS and LPS+NML groups received an intraperitoneal injection of LPS (35 mg/kg) and kept for 6 h.. The mice in the LPS+NML group received NML treatment at 1 h after LPS injection. Afterward, the splenic morphology, the levels of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14), phosphorylation mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and inflammatory mediators in splenic tissue were investigated.RESULTS:LPS injection induced spleen injury, increased the levels of LBP, CD14, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and interferon γ (IFN-γ), and decreased the IL-4 content in the spleen. By contrast, NML treatment reversed these changes. Meanwhile, the LPS challenge decreased the phosphorylation levels of p38 MAPK, extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Moreover, the phosphorylation levels of p38 MAPK and JNK were further decreased by the NML administration. rRdThe normal mesenteric lymph treatment alleviated lipopolysaccharide induced spleen injury by attenuating LPS sensitization and production of TNF-α, IL-6, and IFN-γ.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Lipopolissacarídeos/administração & dosagem , Linfonodos/transplante , Mesentério , Esplenopatias/terapia , Proteínas de Fase Aguda/análise , Receptores de Lipopolissacarídeos/análise , Proteínas de Transporte/análise , Citocinas/análise , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Injeções Intraperitoneais , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/análise , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Quinases de Proteína Quinase Ativadas por Mitógeno/análise , Distribuição Aleatória , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
PURPOSE: To evaluate whether post-hemorrhagic shock mesenteric lymph (PSML) is involved in cardiac dysfunction induced by hemorrhagic shock. METHODS: The hemorrhagic shock model (40±2 mmHg, 3h) was established in rats of the shock and shock+drainage groups; and PSML drainage was performed from hypotension 1-3h in the shock+drainage rats. Then, the isolated hearts were obtained from the rats for the examination of cardiac function with Langendorff system. Subsequently, the isolated hearts were obtained from normal rats and perfused with PSML or Krebs-Henseleit solution, and the changes of cardiac function were observed. RESULTS: The left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP) and the maximal rates of LV developed pressure (LVDP) rise and fall (±dP/dt max) in the shock and shock+drainage groups were lower than that of the sham group; otherwise, these indices in the shock+drainage group were higher compared to the shock group. In addition, after isolated hearts obtained from normal rats perfusing with PSML, these cardiac function indices were gradual decline along with the extension of time, such as heart rate, LVSP, ±dP/dt max, etc. CONCLUSION: Post-hemorrhagic shock mesenteric lymph is an important contributor to cardiac dysfunction following hemorrhagic shock.
Assuntos
Cardiopatias/etiologia , Cardiopatias/fisiopatologia , Linfa/fisiologia , Mesentério/fisiopatologia , Choque Hemorrágico/complicações , Choque Hemorrágico/fisiopatologia , Animais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Drenagem/métodos , Glucose , Frequência Cardíaca/fisiologia , Ventrículos do Coração/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Mesentério/patologia , Distribuição Aleatória , Ratos Wistar , Valores de Referência , Fatores de Tempo , Trometamina , Pressão Ventricular/fisiologiaRESUMO
PURPOSE: To evaluate whether post-hemorrhagic shock mesenteric lymph (PSML) is involved in cardiac dysfunction induced by hemorrhagic shock. METHODS: The hemorrhagic shock model (40±2 mmHg, 3h) was established in rats of the shock and shock+drainage groups; and PSML drainage was performed from hypotension 1-3h in the shock+drainage rats. Then, the isolated hearts were obtained from the rats for the examination of cardiac function with Langendorff system. Subsequently, the isolated hearts were obtained from normal rats and perfused with PSML or Krebs-Henseleit solution, and the changes of cardiac function were observed. RESULTS: The left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP) and the maximal rates of LV developed pressure (LVDP) rise and fall (±dP/dt max) in the shock and shock+drainage groups were lower than that of the sham group; otherwise, these indices in the shock+drainage group were higher compared to the shock group. In addition, after isolated hearts obtained from normal rats perfusing with PSML, these cardiac function indices were gradual decline along with the extension of time, such as heart rate, LVSP, ±dP/dt max, etc. CONCLUSION: Post-hemorrhagic shock mesenteric lymph is an important contributor to cardiac dysfunction following hemorrhagic shock. .
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Cardiopatias/etiologia , Cardiopatias/fisiopatologia , Linfa/fisiologia , Mesentério/fisiopatologia , Choque Hemorrágico/complicações , Choque Hemorrágico/fisiopatologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Drenagem/métodos , Glucose , Frequência Cardíaca/fisiologia , Ventrículos do Coração/fisiopatologia , Mesentério/patologia , Distribuição Aleatória , Ratos Wistar , Valores de Referência , Fatores de Tempo , Trometamina , Pressão Ventricular/fisiologiaRESUMO
PURPOSE:To evaluate whether post-hemorrhagic shock mesenteric lymph (PSML) is involved in cardiac dysfunction induced by hemorrhagic shock.METHODS: The hemorrhagic shock model (40±2 mmHg, 3h) was established in rats of the shock and shock+drainage groups; and PSML drainage was performed from hypotension 1-3h in the shock+drainage rats. Then, the isolated hearts were obtained from the rats for the examination of cardiac function with Langendorff system. Subsequently, the isolated hearts were obtained from normal rats and perfused with PSML or Krebs-Henseleit solution, and the changes of cardiac function were observed.RESULTS:The left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP) and the maximal rates of LV developed pressure (LVDP) rise and fall (±dP/dtmax) in the shock and shock+drainage groups were lower than that of the sham group; otherwise, these indices in the shock+drainage group were higher compared to the shock group. In addition, after isolated hearts obtained from normal rats perfusing with PSML, these cardiac function indices were gradual decline along with the extension of time, such as heart rate, LVSP, ±dP/dtmax, etc.CONCLUSION:Post-hemorrhagic shock mesenteric lymph is an important contributor to cardiac dysfunction following hemorrhagic shock.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Ratos , Linfa , Insuficiência Cardíaca Sistólica , Choque Hemorrágico/complicaçõesRESUMO
PURPOSE: To evaluate the changes of contractility and reactivity in isolated lymphatics from hemorrhagic shock rats with resuscitation. METHODS: Six rats in the shock group suffered hypotension for 90 min by hemorrhage, and resuscitation with shed blood and equal ringer's solution. Then, the contractility of lymphatics, obtained from thoracic ducts in rats of the shock and sham groups, were evaluated with an isolated lymphatic perfusion system using the indices of contractile frequency (CF), tonic index (TI), contractile amplitude (CA) and fractional pump flow (FPF). The lymphatic reactivity to substance P (SP) was evaluated with the different volume of CF, CA, TI and FPF between pre- and post-treatment of SP at different concentrations. RESULTS: The CF, FPF, and TI of lymphatics obtained from the shocked rats were significantly decreased than that of the sham group. After SP stimulation, the ∆CF (1 × 10(-8), 3 × 10(-8), 1 × 10(-7), 3 × 10(-7) mol/L), ∆FPF (1 × 10(-8), 3 × 10(-8), 1 × 10(-7) mol/L), and ∆TI (1 × 10(-8) mol/L) of lymphatics in the shock group were also obviously lower compared with the sham group. In addition, there were no statistical differences in CA and ∆CA between two groups. CONCLUSION: Lymphatic contractility and reactivity to substance P appears reduction following hemorrhagic shock with resuscitation.