RESUMO
A high prevalence of Pneumocystis jirovecii colonization was observed in patients positive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) admitted to a tertiary hospital in southern Brazil between August 2012 and December 2012. Amplification of the mitochondrial large subunit ribosomal RNA gene in oropharyngeal samples through nested polymerase chain reaction identified P. jirovecii colonization in 26 of 58 (44.8%) HIV-positive patients admitted for causes other than Pneumocystis pneumonia. Colonization was more frequent among patients with an absolute CD4 count ≤200 cells/µl. These findings suggest that the HIV-infected population is a major reservoir and source of P. jirovecii infection and that identification of such individuals may contribute to future strategies for improving management of HIV-infected patients.
Assuntos
Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/epidemiologia , Portador Sadio/epidemiologia , Pneumocystis carinii , Pneumonia por Pneumocystis/epidemiologia , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/microbiologia , Adulto , Brasil/epidemiologia , Portador Sadio/microbiologia , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Orofaringe/microbiologia , Pneumocystis carinii/genética , Pneumocystis carinii/isolamento & purificação , Pneumonia por Pneumocystis/microbiologia , PrevalênciaAssuntos
Antifúngicos/uso terapêutico , Candida glabrata/isolamento & purificação , Candidíase/epidemiologia , Fluconazol/uso terapêutico , Fungemia/epidemiologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Candida/classificação , Candida/efeitos dos fármacos , Candida/isolamento & purificação , Candida glabrata/efeitos dos fármacos , Candidíase/tratamento farmacológico , Candidíase/microbiologia , Fungemia/tratamento farmacológico , Fungemia/microbiologia , Humanos , Incidência , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana/normasAssuntos
Infecções Estafilocócicas/diagnóstico , Staphylococcus/classificação , Bacteriemia/diagnóstico , Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana , Análise por Conglomerados , Coagulase/metabolismo , Cocos Gram-Positivos , Humanos , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Estudos Retrospectivos , Infecções Estafilocócicas/microbiologia , Staphylococcus/enzimologia , Staphylococcus/isolamento & purificação , Staphylococcus aureus/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
We reviewed demographic data, risk factors, treatment, and outcomes associated with Rhodotorula fungemia in a tertiary care hospital during 2002-2005. Rhodotorula species caused fungemic episodes in 7 patients during the 4-year period that we studied. The most common predisposing factors were patients with hematological and solid malignancy receiving corticosteroids and cytotoxic drugs, the presence of central venous catheters, and the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics. Because of Rhodotorula species's intrinsic resistance to triazole and echinocandin antifungal agents, patients receiving fluconazole and caspofungin might be susceptible to the development of breakthrough Rhodotorula fungemia.